SAPIENT Medi-trivia Quiz (Prelims) | TRI-ORTA 2025

Preliminary Round of SAPIENT Medi-trivia quiz | part of TRI-ORTA 2025

1. SAPIENT an OPEN medi -trivia and health quiz.

2. Researched by Dr. Anindya Das Adhikary . Dr. Sayantan Mukherjee .

3. PRELIMS 26 Qs from alphabets.

4. RULES This is NOT a quiz that wants you to memorize and regurgitate facts 26 Qs in the prelims. Top 6 will go to the finals. Answers are in alphabetical orders ; will be mentioned at top of the respective question. S A P I E N T and M C K letters (total 10) are starred. Double stars on M C K. Will be used to negate ties. Please mark them on sheet. Always try anything. No blanks. No negatives. For today, QM’s decisions will be regarded final.

5. A* I Want To Talk , a 2024 Shoojit Sircar film starring Abhishek Bachchan in the lead role, is based on the true story of A , a cancer survivor facing life-altering surgery as well as navigating a complex relationship with his daughter since her childhood. He has undergone 20 surgeries starting with laryngeal cancer. He wrote his cancer journey in the best-selling book Raising A Father . Name A.

6. B Placenta cake , a dish from ancient Greece and Rome, usually consists of many dough layers interspersed with a mixture of cheese and honey and flavored with bay leaves, then baked and then covered in honey. The Latin word placenta is derived from the Greek ‘ plakous ’ for thin or layered flat breads. Mammalian placenta is named after the resemblance to this cake. The modern-day dessert B is known to originate from placenta cake with slight modifications of its own. Name B

7. C** Who is being commemorated?

8. D T his genetic manifestation results due to the zygomaticus major muscle splitting in two halves - the upper half above the corner of the mouth and the lower half below it. This is inherited in an irregular dominant allelic manner and can also be present on the chin and even on the lower back. What are we talking about?

9. E* The disease E , popularly known as St. Anthony's Fire , had a numerous number of outbreaks in Europe throughout history. Outbreaks of E were characterized by widespread hallucinations, convulsions and gangrenes . In medieval Europe, the disease was believed to be divine punishment or witchcraft . But in 1676, the simple cause of these epidemics were found out by Denis Dodart and these have been preventable ever since. Identify E.

10. F F is a brooch or pin for fastening garments, typically at the right shoulder. It was used for fastening clothes for both sexes . Dating back to the Bronze Age, F was an integral part of clothing even in Roman Era. Name F or why is it relevant for healthcare professionals?

11. G Henry Louis ___ Jr. was an American professional baseball player who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees (1923–1939). He was renowned for his prowess as a hitter and for his durability, earned him the nickname "The Iron Horse ". Widely regarded as one of the greatest baseball players of all time, he was an All-Star seven consecutive times, a Triple Crown winner once, an American League (AL) Most Valuable Player twice, and a member of six World Series champion teams. FITB and Why is he famous in the medical field?

12. H In Latin, H is meant the ‘hour before sleep’. It is used popularly as an abbvreviation in prescriptions as ‘ODHS’ meaning to take a pill before bed daily. What does HS actually stand for?

13. I* In corporate organizations, the I syndrome characterises leaders who initiate overly ambitious projects that come to naught, causing harm to themselves and others in the process. The syndrome is thus named after tragic character I , a faliled mythic overachiever, for obvious reasons. Name the syndrome.

14. J The effect of J has been described as a reflex comprising of “blinking of the eyes, head movement forward, a characteristic facial expression, raising and drawing forward of the shoulders, abduction of the upper arms, bending of the elbows, pronation of the lower arms, flexion of the fingers, forward movement of the trunk, contraction of the abdomen, and bending of the knees”. Following images show the changes in neuroactivity in comparison to the top row after being subjected to J. Name J.

15. J

16. K** The disease K derives its name from a Malay word which literally means tortoise . The name is given after the ability of a tortoise to pull its head back into its shell . In the Malleus Maleficarum , the best-known treatise to witchcraft, this disease has been described by affected people as “they have been hidden by the devil , neither seen nor felt . Witches hide them in bird's nests where they move themselves like living members and eat oats and corn.” Chinese Traditional Medicine suggests the use of tiger penis, deer penis and fur seal penis for the treatment of K. Name K.

17. L These cells were named after these interlaced or knotted networks used in clothing in medieval France and Italy. They are also known as Goormaghtigh cells after Norbert Goormaghtigh , who significantly contributed to the understanding of the function of these cells in our body. What cells are we talking about?

18. M** M was an Italian anatomist who established in his monumental book "On the Seats and Causes of Disease" that most diseases are not vaguely dispersed throughout the body, but originate locally, in specific organs and tissues. Anatomical structures in the anal canal, diaphragm and pharynx have been named after M . Eponyms of him also exist in cataracts and hernias . M was born today 343 years back. Identify M.

19. N* He was a British tropical physician who became a professor of the Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine in 1935 and later on, went on to become its Director. He worked for 22 yrs in the School of Tropical Medicine with his co-worker Ernest Struthers where he worked on the hypothesis that sandflies transmit Kala-Azar. Shortly after 1943 when he left India, this hypothesis was proven to be correct. We also rea d a now-obsolete test for Kala-Azar named after his surname N . Identify him or the test.

20. O First described in modern medical literature by Marie and Leri in 1913, this rare arthropathy was initially termed in French as "la main en lorgnette" , which occurs due to phalangeal destruction and further shortening of appendages leading to formation of transverse folds of excess skin resembling _____ ______. FITB or Name the sign/finding.

21. P* Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is a condition in which severely overweight people fail to breathe rapidly or deeply enough, resulting in low oxygen levels and high blood carbon dioxide levels. Following popularity of a certain Charles Dickens novel , another name was attached to this disease from Joe , a morbidly obese character , who perfectly described the main symptoms of this condition. Name the latter name of OHS , inspired from the novel.

22. Q Q is a flavour component used in tonic water and bitter lemon soft drinks. Tonic water was initially used as a means of delivering Q to customers . In many bars, Tonic Water is delivered by the name of Q due to its presence in it. British Colonials mixed Q-infused tonic water with gin to create the famous Gin-and-Tonic Cocktail which is still very popular today. Name Q.

23. R Before this syndrome was properly described in Indian contexts, Dr. Najib Khan documented an outbreak of this in 1954 in Jamshedpur as a secondary mitochondrial hepatopathy and was named ‘Jamshedpur Fever’ , which name still persists in some old medical texts. The syndrome was also termed as ‘Nagpur encephalitis’ in the 1967 outbreak. Name the syndrome by which we know it today in medical literature.

24. S* AMUL , famous for their relevant doodles, raised eyebrows when this 1976 doodle came into daylight. Many sensed that this was AMUL poking fun at the contemporary National Emergency government and one of their controversial programmes . FITB

25. T* Authored by Jennifer Fernabes and published by Random House this 2023 book “Wonder Drug” described the miracle cure drug and its aftermath. Initially marketed against morning sickness; name me this ‘wonder’ molecule.

26. U When in 1987 Peter Martin devised this technical indicator ‘__ index’ in stock market in his book “Investor Guide of Fidelity Funds” ; Dr. Marshall was still 18 years late to his radical discovery and yet to win the 2005 Nobel Prize for Medicine . As a result, people then thought __ is caused by stress. Therefore, this downward volatility index predicted possible collapse of a stock following stress in investors ; thus, got named as ‘___ index’. FITB

27. V Rudolph V , a famous Italian actor, known by the nickname ‘Latin Lover’ , presented with perforated duodenal ulcer and eventually died of sepsis and multi-organ dysfunction. Owing to his huge fanbase, his case received great popularity and since, any pain in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen due to suspected duodenal ulcer perforation has been named after V . Name V.

28. W In “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer” by Mark Twain , the remedy for this disease W , is described as: “You put your hand into the water at midnight and say: Barley-corn, barley-corn, injun -meal shorts, Spunk-water, spunk-water, swaller these ___. Walk away quick, eleven steps, with your eyes shut, and then turn around three times and walk home without speaking to anybody. Because if you speak the charm's busted.” Name this disease W.

29. X This 2019 mid-tempo pop ballad X by Billie Eilish was the first promotional single from her debut studio album “When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?”. X mainly focuses on drug addiction in youth as she was negatively influenced by the negative effects of drugs on her and her friends. Hence, X , name of the song, has been derived from the market name of a widely used (and misused) drug. X was the highest-charting non-single off the record in the territory, reaching number 35 in the US Billboard Hot 100 Entries. Which song is being referred to as X here?

30. Y Initially regarded as a racial/derogatory term , Y referred to the late 19 th century popular trend of Dutch colonizers having sexual fetishization of South-east Asian women , British colonizers having Indian mistresse s and later World War heroes of America returning with 'war brides' from Japan . Y was also the reason why the people of the Government of America, including the president George Washington fled their capital in Philadelphia to New Jersey in 1793. What is Y?

31. Z Named after this Ugandan forest , literally meaning "overgrown" in the local language, this microorganism causes hemorrhagic infections in man and is even linked to GBS in certain infected individuals. Name the forest or the micro-organism.

32. PRELIMS ANSWERS .

33. A* I Want To Talk , a 2024 Shoojit Sircar film starring Abhishek Bachchan in the lead role, is based on the true story of A , a cancer survivor facing life-altering surgery as well as navigating a complex relationship with his daughter since her childhood. He has undergone 20 surgeries starting with laryngeal cancer. He wrote his cancer journey in the best-selling book Raising A Father . Name A.

34. A* = Arjun Sen

35. B Placenta cake , a dish from ancient Greece and Rome, usually consists of many dough layers interspersed with a mixture of cheese and honey and flavored with bay leaves, then baked and then covered in honey. The Latin word placenta is derived from the Greek ‘ plakous ’ for thin or layered flat breads. Mammalian placenta is named after the resemblance to this cake. The modern-day dessert B is known to originate from placenta cake with slight modifications of its own. Name B

36. B = Baklava

37. C** Who is being commemorated?

38. C** = Cashimir Funk

39. D T his genetic manifestation results due to the zygomaticus major muscle splitting in two halves - the upper half above the corner of the mouth and the lower half below it. This is inherited in an irregular dominant allelic manner and can also be present on the chin and even on the lower back. What are we talking about?

40. D = Dimple

41. E* The disease E , popularly known as St. Anthony's Fire , had a numerous number of outbreaks in Europe throughout history. Outbreaks of E were characterized by widespread hallucinations, convulsions and gangrenes . In mediaeval Europe, the disease was believed to be divine punishment or witchcraft. But in 1676, the simple cause of these epidemics were found out by Denis Dodart and these have been preventable ever since. Identify E.

42. E * = Ergotism

43. F F is a brooch or pin for fastening garments, typically at the right shoulder. It was used for fastening clothes for both sexes . Dating back to the Bronze Age, F was an integral part of clothing even in Roman Era. Name F and why is it relevant for healthcare professionals?

44. F = Fibula

45. G Henry Louis ___ Jr. was an American professional baseball player who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees (1923–1939). He was Renowned for his prowess as a hitter and for his durability, earned him the nickname "The Iron Horse ". Widely regarded as one of the greatest baseball players of all time, he was an All-Star seven consecutive times, a Triple Crown winner once, an American League (AL) Most Valuable Player twice, and a member of six World Series champion teams. FITB and Why is he famous in the medical field?

46. G = Gehrig ( Lou Gehrig’s disease/ ALS )

47. H In Latin, H is meant the ‘hour before sleep’. It is used popularly as an abbvreviation in prescriptions as ‘ODHS’ meaning to take a pill before bed daily. What does HS actually stand for?

48. H = Hora Somnii

49. I* In corporate organizations, the I syndrome characterises leaders who initiate overly ambitious projects that come to naught, causing harm to themselves and others in the process. The syndrome is thus named after tragic character I , a faliled mythic overachiever, for obvious reasons. Name the syndrome.

50. I* = Icarus

51. J The effect of J has been described as a reflex comprising of “blinking of the eyes, head movement forward, a characteristic facial expression, raising and drawing forward of the shoulders, abduction of the upper arms, bending of the elbows, pronation of the lower arms, flexion of the fingers, forward movement of the trunk, contraction of the abdomen, and bending of the knees”. Following images show the changes in neuroactivity in comparison to the top row after being subjected to J. Name J.

52. J

53. J = Jumpscare

54. K** The disease K derives its name from a Malay word which literally means tortoise . The name is given after the ability of a tortoise to pull its head back into its shell . In the Malleus Maleficarum , the best-known treatise to witchcraft, this disease has been described by affected people as “they have been hidden by the devil , neither seen nor felt . Witches hide them in bird's nests where they move themselves like living members and eat oats and corn.” Chinese Traditional Medicine suggests the use of tiger penis, deer penis and fur seal penis for the treatment of K. Name K.

55. K** = Koro

56. L These cells were named after these interlaced or knotted networks used in clothing in medieval France and Italy. They are also known as Goormaghtigh cells after Norbert Goormaghtigh , who significantly contributed to the understanding of the function of these cells in our body. What cells are we talking about?

57. L = Lacis cell Polkissen cell/ EGM (Extraglomerular Mesangium)

58. M** M was an Italian anatomist who established in his monumental book "On the Seats and Causes of Disease" that most diseases are not vaguely dispersed throughout the body, but originate locally, in specific organs and tissues. Anatomical structures in the anal canal, diaphragm and pharynx have been named after M . Eponyms of him also exist in cataracts and hernias . M was born today 343 years back. Identify M.

59. M** = Morgangni , Giovanni Battista

60. N* He was a British tropical physician who became a professor of the Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine in 1935 and later on, went on to become its Director. He worked for 22 yrs in the School of Tropical Medicine with his co-worker Ernest Struthers where he worked on the hypothesis that sandflies transmit Kala-Azar. Shortly after 1943 when he left India, this hypothesis was proven to be correct. We also rea d a now-obsolete test for Kala-Azar named after his surname N . Identify him or the test.

61. N* = Napier, Lionel Everard Napier’s Aldehyde test

62. O First described in modern medical literature by Marie and Leri in 1913, this rare arthropathy was initially termed in French as "la main en lorgnette" , which occurs due to phalangeal destruction and further shortening of appendages leading to formation of transverse folds of excess skin resembling _____ ______. FITB or Name the sign/finding.

63. O = Opera glass deformity

64. P* Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is a condition in which severely overweight people fail to breathe rapidly or deeply enough, resulting in low oxygen levels and high blood carbon dioxide levels. Following popularity of a certain Charles Dickens novel , another name was attached to this disease from Joe , a morbidly obese character , who perfectly described the main symptoms of this condition. Name the latter name of OHS , inspired from the novel.

65. P* = Pickwickian disease from Pickwick papers (Charles Dickens)

66. Q Q is a flavour component used in tonic water and bitter lemon soft drinks. Tonic water was initially used as a means of delivering Q to customers . In many bars, Tonic Water is delivered by the name of Q due to its presence in it. British Colonials mixed Q-infused tonic water with gin to create the famous Gin-and-Tonic Cocktail which is still very popular today. Name Q.

67. Q = Quinine

68. R Before this syndrome was properly described in Indian contexts, Dr. Najib Khan documented an outbreak of this in 1954 in Jamshedpur as a secondary mitochondrial hepatopathy and was named ‘Jamshedpur Fever’ , which name still persists in some old medical texts. The syndrome was also termed as ‘Nagpur encephalitis’ in the 1967 outbreak. Name the syndrome by which we know it today in medical literature.

69. R = Reye’s syndrome

70. S* AMUL , famous for their relevant doodles, raised eyebrows when this 1976 doodle came into daylight. Many sensed that this was AMUL poking the contemporary Nation Emergency government and one of their controversial programmes . FITB

71. S* = Sterilisation

72. T* Authored by Jennifer Fernabes and published by Random House this 2023 book “Wonder Drug” described the miracle cure drug and its aftermath. Initially marketed against morning sickness; name me this ‘wonder’ molecule.

73. T* = Thalidomide

74. U When in 1987 Peter Martin devised this technical indicator ‘__ index’ in stock market in his book “Investor Guide of Fidelity Funds” ; Dr. Marshall was still 18 years late to his radical discovery and yet to win the 2005 Nobel Prize for Medicine . As a result, people then thought __ is caused by stress. Therefore, this downward volatility index predicted possible collapse of a stock following stress in investors ; thus, got named as ‘___ index’. FITB

75. U = Ulcer index

76. V Rudolph V , a famous Italian actor, known by the nickname ‘Latin Lover’ , presented with perforated duodenal ulcer and eventually died of sepsis and multi-organ dysfunction. Owing to his huge fanbase, his case received great popularity and since, any pain in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen due to suspected duodenal ulcer perforation has been named after V . Name V.

77. V = Valentino syndrome

78. W In “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer” by Mark Twain , the remedy for this disease W , is described as: “You put your hand into the water at midnight and say: Barley-corn, barley-corn, injun -meal shorts, Spunk-water, spunk-water, swaller these ___. Walk away quick, eleven steps, with your eyes shut, and then turn around three times and walk home without speaking to anybody. Because if you speak the charm's busted.” Name this disease W.

79. W = Warts

80. X This 2019 mid-tempo pop ballad X by Billie Eilish was the first promotional single from her debut studio album “When We All Fall Asleep, Where Do We Go?”. X mainly focuses on drug addiction in youth as she was negatively influenced by the negative effects of drugs on her and her friends. Hence, X , name of the song, has been derived from the market name of a widely used (and misused) drug. X was the highest-charting non-single off the record in the territory, reaching number 35 in the US Billboard Hot 100 Entries. Which song is being referred to as X here?

81. X = Xanny (from XANAX)

82. Y Initially regarded as a racial/derogatory term , Y referred to the late 19 th century popular trend of Dutch colonizers having sexual fetishization of South-east Asian women , British colonizers having Indian mistresse s and later World War heroes of America returning with 'war brides' from Japan . Y was also the reason why the people of the Government of America, including the president George Washington fled their capital in Philadelphia to New Jersey in 1793. What is Y?

83. Y = Yellow fever

84. Z Named after this Ugandan forest , literally meaning "overgrown" in the local language, this microorganism causes hemorrhagic infections in man and is even linked to GBS in certain infected individuals. Name the forest or the micro-organism.

85. Z = Zika

86. FINAL ROUNDS upcoming… .