Sariba, Salaparni, Sarpagandha, Sallaki

Detailed dravyas - For BAMS STUDENTS

1. Sariba , Salaparni , Sallaki , Sarpagandha Detailed Dravyas for BAMS students Dr. Remya Krishnan

2. Sariba Hemidesmus indicus Asclepiadaceae Krishodari , Gopa,Shyama , Sugandhimoola , Latha Charaka – Sthanya sodhana , Pureesha sangrahaneeya ,, jwaraghna , Daha prashamana , madhura skandhas Susrutha – Saribadi , Vidarigandhadi , Vallipanchamoola

3. Varieites Shwetha sariba - Hemidesmus indicus Krishna sariba-Ichnocarpus fruitiscens In some places, Cryptolepis buchanani is considered as Krishna Sariba

4. Morphology A perennial slender lactiferous twining or prostrate wiry shrub with woody root stock Terete stems having thickened nodes Opposite leaves very variable from elliptic oblong to linear lanceolate , variegated with white above , silvery and white pubescent beneath. Flowers greenish purple crowded in subsessile cymes in the opposite leaf axils Fruits slender follicles , cylindrical Seeds – Flattened , black obovate oblong , silvery white

5. Chemical constituents Useful part- Root Chemical constituents – Hentriacontane, Lupeol, Acetate , Alpha amyrin , Beta amyrin

6. Dosage Kashaya – 40-60 ml Yogas – Saribadi Kashaya , Saribadyasava etc

7. Salaparni Pseudarthria viscida Pappilonaceae Sthira , Amshumathi , Guha, Thriparni , Deerghapatra , Vidarigandha ( different from Vidari ) Charaka – Angamarddaprashamana , Sothahara , balya , snehopaga , madhuraskandha Susrutha - Vidarigandhadi , Laghupanchamoola “ Vrisha sothaharaanam Vidarigandha ” ( Cha. Su 25)

8. Varieties& Morphology Salaparni and Salaparni vishesha - Dhanwanthari Nighantu A herb or undershrub about 122 cms height Simple and straight stem Unifoliate leaves with entire leaflets , membraneous and subcoriaceous Fruits- Pods 6-8 in a cluster , glabrescent

9. Chemical constituents Useful part- Root Chemical constituents - Alkaloids, Sterols and steroids,Flavonnoids , Tannins and phenolic compounds, carotenoids and saponins

10. Self work Write RP, DK,RK and BK Kwatha - 50-100ml Yogas - Dashamoolarishta , indukantham Kashaya

11. Sarpagandha Rauwolfia serpentine Apocyanaceae Chandramaara , Dhavala vitapa , Naakuli , Sarpasugandha,Sugandha,Mukta , Nakuleshta Susrutha - Aparajitha gana Varieties – Charaka – Nakulidwaya - Nakuli , Gandha nakuli

12. Morphology Glabrous undershrub Leaves in whorls, 3-4 , rarely opposite, elliptic lanceolate,or obovate, acute acuminate Flowers in many flowered cymes , corolla is salver shaped , tube cylindrical , white or tinged withr ed. Fruits- Obliquely ovoid drupes, purple black when ripe Seeds are ovoid

13. Useful part and chemical constituents Useful part- Root Chemical constituents –Ajmaline, Ajmalicine, Rauwolfine , reserpine, reserpidine , Serpentine, Serpentine, Ajmaline, Ajmalimine , Reserpine ( an indole toxic alkaloid)

14. Self work Write RP, DK, BK and RK Dosage Root powder- 1-2 gma yogas - Sarpagandhadi choorna , Sarpagandha ghanavati

15. Remarks The root with intact bark is to be taken , the intact bark contains most alkaloids Adulterated with stems of Rauwolfia serpentina , other Rauwolfia species and roots of Clerodendrium species QUALITY roots Roots are very hard when dry, less flexible tortuous with a yellowish brown surface provided with vertical and irregular cracks or wrinkles , when rubbed with water will yield a slight yellowish tinged paste. The bark does not separate from wood easily when completely dried .

16. Sallaki Boswellia serrata Burseracea Synonyma – Susrava , Gajabhakshya , Vrittika Charaka – Purisha virajaneeya Susrutha - Lodhradi gana Sallaki niryasa is called as Kunduru by Bhavamishra Gum is obtained by making cutting marks on the stem . A good quality resin is of golden colour and is transparent

17. Morphology A medium sized deciduous tree with ash coloured papery bark peeling off in thin flakes , young shoots are pubescent Leaves alternate,pubescent , crenate serrate Small flowers, white in axillary racemes Fruits in trignous drupes , three valves Seeds are compressed , pendulous

18. Chemical constituents Useful part – Bark, niryasa ( Kunduru ) Chemical constituents Bark – Beta sitosterol, glucosides Gum-Monoterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes , Tetracyclic triterpene acids,boswellic acids etc

19. Self work Write RP, DK, BK and RK Bark decoction -50-100 ml Gum – 1-3 gm Yogas – Bala taila