Schizophrenia ppt.pptx

A serious mental illness in which a person confuses the real world and the world of the imagination and often behaves in strange and unexpected ways

1. Dr Vandana Gaur Associate Professor Department of Psychology

2. SCHIZOPHRENIA A PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER INVOLVING COGNIITIVE DISTURBANCE, EMOTIONAL DISTURBANCE, AND SOCIAL WITHDRAWL

3. Schizophrenia is a complex syndrome that inevitably has a devasting effect on the lives of the person affected and on his or her family. The subtypes of schizophrenia is based upon different presentation and combination of symptoms such as hallucination,delusion,and disorder of sppech, emotion, and socialization.

4. TYPE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA 1 -PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA -A person with P.S. holds false belief or delusion,that seriously distort reality.A subtype of schizophrenia in which the individual holds delusions of persecution and grandeur that seriously distort reality. Delusion-A false belief that distorts reality Hallucination-A false perceptual experience that distorts reality

5. TYPE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA 2-Disorganized schizophrenia -A subtype of schizophrenia characterized by shallow silliness,extreme social withdrawl,and fragmented delusions and hallucination. 3-Catatonic schizophrenia -A subtype of schizophrenia in which the individual spends long periods in an inactive,statuelike state.

6. TYPE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA 4 - Udifferenciated type -Some people do not fit neatly into these subtypes;they would be classified as having an undifferentiated type of schizophrenia.People who have the major symptoms of schizophrenia but who do not meet the criteria for paranoid,disorganized,or catatonic types of schizophrenia would be given thas diagnosis. 5 -Residual type - Some people who have had at least one episode of schizophrenia but who no longer manifest the major symptoms of the disorder would be daignosed as having the residual type of schizophrenia

7. CLINICAL SYMPTOM OF SCHIZOPHRENIA POSITIVE SYMPTOM- psychological excess, delusion,disorganized thinking and speach,hallucination,inappropriate effect NEGATIVE SYMPTOM -psychological deficit,poverty of speach,blunted and flat effect,disturbed relationship with external world. PSYCHOMOTOR SYMPTOMS -catatonic stupor,catatonic rigidity,catatonic posturing,catatonic excitement,waxy flexybility

8. DSM-IV DIAGNOSTC CRITERIA FOR SCHIZOPHRENIA A-charactereristic symptoms:two or more of the following for period of one month: 1.delusions 2.hallucination 3.disorganized speech or incoherence 4.catatonic behavior 5.negative symptoms B-Socio/occupational dysfunction C-Duration-continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 months.

9. Continued- D-Schizoaffective and mood disorder exclusion E-Substance /general medical condition F-Relationship to a pervasive development disorder

10. HALLUCINATION The experience of sensory events without any input any input from the surrounding environment is called hallucination.Hallucination can involve any of the senses,although hearing things that are not there,or auditory hallucination,is the most common form experienced by people with schizophrenia. The cause of hallucination found through many researches that the part of the brain most avtive during hallucination was the area called Broca's area.This observation is surprising because Broca's area is known to be involved in speech production. If hallucination involve understanding the speech of others, you might expect more activity in the area of brain that involves language comprehension, an area are called Wernike's area.This observation of brain activity during hallucination supports a theory that people who are hallucinating are in fact not hearing the voice of others, but instead are listening to their own voices and connot recognize the difference.

11. ETIOLOGY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA Biological view point 1-Genetic factor-twin studies 2-Biological factor-neurobiological influences(dopamine activity),Brain activity Psychological view point 1 -psychodynamic view 2-behavioral view 3-family view 4-existential view 5-cognitive view Socio-cultural viewpoint- societal and cultural norms

12. TREATMENT OF SCHIZOPHRENIA BIOLOGICAL INTERVENTION 1-insulin comma therapy 2-neuroleptic drugs-- Phenothiazine,Dibenzodiazepine PSYCHOTHERAPY 1-social therapy 2-family therapy 3- insight COMMUNITY APPROACH 1-long term hospitalization 2-partial hospitalization 3- occupational training-token economy