Seafood and Types

Seafood is any form of sea life regarded as food by humans, prominently including fish and shellfish. Shellfish include various species of molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms.

1. Seafood BHMCT 1 ST year G.Bhavani Submitted to: Samuel Chef

2. What Is seafood..?? Seafood is any form of sea life regarded as food by humans, prominently including fish and shellfish. Shellfish include various species of mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms. Seafood  comprises all bony fishes and the more primitive sharks, skates, rays, sawfish, sturgeons, and lampreys; crustaceans such as lobsters, crabs, shrimps, prawns, and crayfish; mollusks, including clams, oysters, cockles, mussels, periwinkles, whelks, snails, abalones, scallops, and limpets; the cephalopod mollusks

3. Fish Fish  are  gill-bearing  aquatic  craniate  animals that lack limbs with  digits It is an important resource for humans worldwide, especially as food. They are abundant in most bodies of water. They can be found in nearly all aquatic environments, from high mountain streams

4. Few things we should know about fishes It is one of the most nutritious and easily digestible foods in our diet. Available in a wide variety and can be cooked in many ways and in a short time . The fibers are thinner and smaller than the meat so it is more sensitive. Cooked fish should be handled very carefully because it breaks very easily. We avoid overcooking them because they go too "dry" and become indigestible.

5. Types of fishes There are mainly two types of fish based on their origin : Fish of salt water that live in the seas . Fish of fresh water that live in lakes, rivers, dams, or aquariums.

6. Saltwater fish Saltwater fish , also called marine fish, are fish that live in ocean water. It can swim and live alone or live in a large group together, called a school of fish. They are very popular among deep sea fishermen and aquariums all over the country.

7. What kind of fish are saltwater fish Many  kinds of fish live in the salty water of the oceans. A  fish's kidney keeps the proper balance of salt in its body. Popular   saltwater fish  are bluefish, cod, flounder, striped bass (also found in freshwater), sea trout, tarpon, tuna, halibut, rockfish, sea perch, lingcod, and yellowtail.

8. the most common saltwater fish Flame Angelfish (Centropyge loricula) Maroon Clownfish (Premnas biaculeatus) Coral Beauty (Centropyge bispinosa) Six-line Wrasse (Pseudocheilinus hexateaenia) Tomato Clownfish (Amphiprion frenatus) Royal Gramma (Gramma loreto) Pajama Cardinalfish (Sphaeramia nematoptera)

9. What Do saltwater fish eat? In a  saltwater  aquarium, many  fish  (even carnivores) can be weaned off of their usual fare in the wild and coaxed into taking hand fed foods such as pellets and flakes with their protein requirements being supplemented with frozen foods such as shrimp,  fish , squid, or krill

10. How many saltwater fishes are there in the world..?? Scientists estimate that there are almost 22,000  fish species in the  world . The most fruitful potential areas for discovery include the tropics, deep seas and southern hemisphere .

11. How do salt water fish live Some  fish  that only  live in a saltwater environment, such as tuna, drink the very, very salty seawater . Their kidneys are specially adapted to excrete lots of salt, and even their gills can excrete salt in this way so that they keep their blood salinity levels at an optimum

12. Why do saltwater fish need salt..?? The water in  saltwater fish  is continuously pulled out of their bodies into the surrounding water because their bodily fluids have lower concentrations of salt. It's important to note that all fish require some level of salt in their bodies to be healthy, but like humans, too much or too little can make them sick.

13. Why saltwater fish cannot survive in freshwater..?? Saltwater fish can't survive in freshwater because their bodies are highly concentrated of  salt solution  (too much for freshwater). The  water would flow into their body until all their cells accumulate so much water that they bloat and die eventually.

14. WHY DON’T SALTWATER FISH TASTE SALTY..?? Marine  fish do not  taste salty  because get rid of the excess  salt  they ingest in order to maintain a balance of electrolytes in the body.

15. Freshwater fish Freshwater fish are those that spend some or all of their lives in fresh water, such as rivers and lakes, with a salinity of less than 0.05 %. These environments differ from marine conditions in many ways, the most obvious being the difference in levels of salinity

16. How to identify fresh fish Eyes : Shiny, bright, clear, open and bulging . Color : Be lively . Flesh : Be firm, stuck in the bones and elastic. When the finger pressed does not form cavity . Fins : Be hard and not easily moved . Scales : Be hard and not easily moved . Gills : To have a pink or red color, not dark . Tail : When you hold the fish between two fingers, the tails are up and do not bend their body, but stays in a straight line.

17. Types of freshwater fishes Catfish. Characins and other characiformes. Cichlids . Cyprinids . Loaches and related cypriniformes. Live-bearers and killifish. Labyrinth fish. Rainbow fish .

18. How many freshwater fishes are there..? It has been estimated that the total number of all fishes is 32,500 species. Considering that freshwater may constitute less than 0.3% of available global water, it is remarkable that there are more than 15,000  freshwater fish species

19. Most common freshwater fish There are more than 800 known freshwater fish species in North America alone. Worldwide , the number is over 10,000  species. Some  species of freshwater fish, such as salmon and trout, are called anadromous . They hatch in  fresh water , head out to sea, where they live until they return to fresh water to reproduce.

20. Most dangerous freshwater fish Vampire   fish  prey primarily on smaller fish, especially piranhas, which they impale with their long, sharp fangs . The intimidating teeth can grow up to six inches long . Perhaps the most feared freshwater species of all, candiru are parasitic catfish in the family Trichomycteridae.

21. MERCURY IN A FISH Fish  and shellfish concentrate mercury in their bodies, often in the form of methylmercury , a highly toxic organomercury compound.  Fish  products have been shown to contain varying amounts of heavy metals, particularly mercury and fat-soluble pollutants from water pollution.

22. Do freshwater fish have mercury..?? The  freshwater fish  most likely to contain harmful amounts of mercury include smallmouth bass, walleye, largemouth bass, lake trout and Northern pike.

23. MERCURY LEVELS IN COMMERCIAL FISH AND SEAFOOD SPECIES MERCURY CONCENTRATION MEAN (PPM) MERCURY CONCENTRATION MAX (PPM) TILAPIA 0.013 0.084 SALMON (CANNED) 0.014 0.086 ANCHOVIES 0.016 0.049 SALMON (FRESH/FROZEN) 0.022 0.19

24. What seafood has low mercury? What seafood has low mercury? What seafood has low mercury? Most of the popular species of  fish and shellfish consumed in the U.S. have been shown to have low mercury   levels . Seafood  choices that are very  low  in  mercury  include: salmon, sardines, pollock, flounders, cod, tilapia, shrimp, oysters, clams, scallops and crab.

25. What kinds of fish does not have mercury That amounts to about 2 to 3 servings of fish per week, which can be eaten in place of other types of protein . Make sure to choose a variety of fish lower in mercury, such as salmon, tilapia, shrimp, tuna (canned-light), cod, and catfish. Consumption of white (albacore) tuna should not exceed 6 ounces per week.

26. Most expensive fish to eat Bluefin Tuna - This controversial food, no doubt one of the most expensive fish you can buy, is well-known for its popularity in the sushi culture and with Japanese foodies. ... Puffer Fish (Fugu) Swordfish Yellowfin Tuna (Ahi) Wild King Salmon.

27. Different types of fish

28. Tuna fish A tuna is a saltwater fish that belongs to the tribe Thunnini , a subgrouping of the Scombridae family. The Thunnini comprise 15 species across five genera, the sizes of which vary greatly, ranging from the bullet tuna up to the Atlantic bluefin tuna . The bluefin averages 2 m, and is believed to live up to 50 years

29. salmon Salmon is the common name for several species of ray-finned fish in the family Salmonidae . Other fish in the same family include trout, char, grayling and whitefish. Salmon are native to tributaries of the North Atlantic and Pacific Ocean.

30. perch Perch is a common name for fish of the genus Perca , freshwater gamefish belonging to the family Percidae

31. sardine " Sardine" and "pilchard" are common names used to refer to various small, oily forage fish in the herring family Clupeidae . The term "sardine" was first used in English during the early 15th century and may come from the Mediterranean island of Sardinia, around which sardines were once abundant

32. Mahi-mahi The mahi-mahi or common dolphinfish is a surface-dwelling ray-finned fish found in off-shore temperate, tropical, and subtropical waters worldwide. Also widely called dorado and dolphin, it is one of two members of the family Coryphaenidae , the other being the pompano dolphinfish .

33. Plaice The European  plaice  ( Pleuronectes platessa ) is a right-eyed flounder belonging to the Pleuronectidae family . They are a commercially important flatfish which lives on the sandy bottoms of the European shelf. They range geographically from the Barents Sea to the Mediterranean.

34. Lemon sole The lemon sole is a flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae . It is native to shallow seas around Northern Europe, where it lives on stony bottoms down to depths of about 200 metres . It grows up to 65 centimetres in length and reaches about 3 kilograms in weight. It is a popular food fish

35. Flounder fish Flounders are a group of flatfish species. They are demersal fish, found at the bottom of oceans around the world; some species will also enter estuaries.

36. Turbot fish The   turbot  ( Scophthalmus maximus ) is a species of flatfish in the family Scophthalmidae . It is a demersal   fish  native to marine or brackish waters of the North Atlantic, Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.

37. monkfish Members of the genus Lophius , also sometimes called monkfish, fishing-frogs, frog-fish, and sea-devils, are various species of lophiid anglerfishes found in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.

38. Carp fish Carp are various species of oily freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae , a very large group of fish native to Europe and Asia.

39. Cod fish Cod is the common name for the demersal fish genus Gadus , belonging to the family Gadidae . Cod is also used as part of the common name for a number of other fish species, and some species suggested to belong to genus Gadus are not called cod.

40. haddock The haddock is a saltwater fish from the family Gadidae , the true cods . It is the only species in the monotypic genus Melanogrammus . It is found in the North Atlantic Ocean and associated seas where it is an important species for fisheries, especially in northern Europe.

41. Cobia fish The cobia is a species of perciform marine fish, the only representative of the genus Rachycentron and the family Rachycentridae . Other common names include black kingfish, black salmon, ling, lemonfish , crabeater , prodigal son and black bonito.

42. Sea bass The Japanese seabass , also suzuki , is a species of Asian sea bass native to the western Pacific Ocean, where it occurs from Japan to the South China Sea . They inhabit fresh, brackish, and marine waters of inshore rocky reefs and in estuaries at depths of at least 5 m

43. mullet The mullets or grey mullets are a family of ray-finned fish found worldwide in coastal temperate and tropical waters, and some species in fresh water. Mullets have served as an important source of food in Mediterranean Europe since Roman times. The family includes about 78 species in 20 genera.

44. herring Herring are forage fish, mostly belonging to the family Clupeidae . Herring often move in large schools around fishing banks and near the coast.

45. Red drum The red drum, also known as redfish, channel bass, puppy drum, spottail bass, or simply red, is a game fish found in the Atlantic Ocean from Massachusetts to Florida and in the Gulf of Mexico from Florida to northern Mexico. It is the only species in the genus Sciaenops .

46. Dory John Dory, St Pierre or Peter's Fish, refers to fish of the genus Zeus, especially Zeus faber , of widespread distribution . It is an edible demersal coastal marine fish with a laterally compressed olive-yellow body which has a large dark spot, and long spines on the dorsal fin.

47. shellfish Shellfish is a colloquial and fisheries term for exoskeleton-bearing aquatic invertebrates used as food, including various species of mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms. Although most kinds of shellfish are harvested from saltwater environments, some are found in freshwater

48. difference between fish and shellfish Seafood includes fish (like tuna or cod) and shellfish (like lobster or clams). Even though they both fall into the category of "seafood," fish and shellfish are biologically different . C rustaceans , like shrimp, crab, or lobster. mollusks, like clams, mussels, oysters, scallops, octopus, or squid.

49. Types of shellfish They can be divided into two groups: C rustaceans and M ollusks . Crustaceans include shrimp, crayfish, crab, and lobster, while clams, scallops, oysters, Mussels are examples of mollusks . Most  shellfish live in saltwater, but the name also refers to species found in freshwater

50. Crustaceans Crustaceans form a large, diverse arthropod taxon which includes such familiar animals as crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimps, prawns, krill, woodlice, and barnacles.

51. CHARACTERISTC OF Crustaceans A hard exoskeleton made of calcium - no internal skeleton. The head has two compound eyes, two pairs of antennae, and three pairs of mouthparts. A pair of green glands excrete wastes near the base of antennae. The abdominal segments have swimmerets (swimming legs)

52. MAIN FEATURES OF Crustaceans The  four main features of a crustaceans body are : Two distinct body sections, a hard exoskeleton, two pairs of antennae, & one pair of appendages on each segment.

53. Where do crustaceans live? Most   crustaceans live in the ocean—although some species live in freshwater, and woodlice and a few crabs live on land . Prawns and shrimp swim freely in open water . Barnacles  live attached to rocks, harbor walls, or the sides of ships.

54. Do crustaceans have organs? Two different excretory organs are found among crustaceans: the antennal gland and the maxillary gland . In most adult  crustaceans  only one or the other gland functions .

55. What is the largest crustacean? The world  largest crustacean  is the Japanese Spider Crab. It can weigh up to 20kg (45 lb). If it stretches out its legs, they can reach up to 4 metres (13 feet ) from tip to tip!

56. How do crustaceans reproduce? Most  crustaceans reproduce  sexually with a separate male and female . Most females lay eggs that hatch into free-swimming larvae, though some crustaceans such as shrimps hatch into tiny versions of adults.

57. WHAT DOES Crustaceans EAT..?? Many   crustaceans  are scavengers, feeding on scraps and dead creatures. Crabs , shrimp, and prawns search for food mainly at night and hide in crevices by day. Some crabs and lobsters are active predators, seizing prey in their powerful claws. Barnacles filter tiny creatures from the water using their hairy legs.

58. Do crustaceans eat coral? Shrimps , crabs, lobsters, and other crustaceans find protection from predators in crevices or between coral branches . Crustaceans  are also predators. The  coral crab crushes sea urchins and clams with its strong claws.

59. MOLLUSKS Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the arthropoda. The members are known as mollusks or mollusks . Around 85,000 extant species of mollusks are recognized. The number of fossil species is estimated between 60,000 and 100,000 additional species

60. TYPES OF MOLLUSKS There are several subgroups of  mollusks , but only  three  major ones: - The Gastropods , made up mostly of snails and slugs. T he Bivalves , a group including clams, scallops, mussels, and oysters. The Cephalopods , a group including octopus and squid.

61. characteristics of mollusks Unsegment soft body with bilateral symmetry. Presence of an internal or external shell. A toothed tongue (made mostly of chitin) called the radula . A mantle which is a fold in the body wall that lines the shell.

62. What foods are mollusks? Mollusks  include many of the most important seafood's such as abalone, clams, mussels, octopus, oysters, squid, and scallops as well as terrestrial snails . Marine   mollusks  and crustacean (shrimps, prawns, crabs, crayfish and lobsters) are both known as shellfish.

63. How do mollusks reproduce? Mollusks reproduce sexually. Slugs and snails are hermaphrodites (possessing both male and female organs), but they must still mate to fertilize their eggs. Most aquatic mollusks lay eggs that hatch into small, free-swimming larvae called veliger.

64. example of a mollusk without a shell Bivalves are mollusks with two  shells such as clams and oysters. Univalves are animals with one  shell such as a snail.  Mollusks without shells  include squid, banana slugs, and octopi