DEFINITION Seminar is an instructional technique of higher learning which involves paper reading on a theme and followed by the group discussion to clarify the complex aspects of the theme
OBJECTIVES Objectives are mainly divided into two types: COGNITIVE OBJECTIVES AFFECTIVE OBJECTIVES
COGNITIVE OBJECTIVES To develops the higher cognitive abilities that is analysis, synthesis and evaluation. To develop the ability of responding that is valuing, organizing etc. To develop the ability of keen observation, experience, feeling and to present them effectively. To develop the ability to seek clarification and defend the ideas of other effectively
AFFECTIVE OBJECTIVES To develop the feeling to tolerate the opposite ideas of others. To develop the feeling of cooperation To develop the emotional stability among the participants of seminar To acquire a good manner of putting questions and to answer the questions of other effectives
ROLES OF SEMINAR TECHNIQUE In organizing a seminar the following roles are performed: Organizer President or chairmen Participant Observers
ROLE OF ORGANIZER Responsibilities of an organizer is to: Plan and prepare the whole program of the seminar To decide the theme Assign the parts of theme to different person He decides that who will be the speaker
ROLE OF PRESIDENT Direct the whole program and keeps the discussion on the theme of seminar
ROLE OF SPEAKER They prepare the topic thoroughly and xerox copies of papers are prepared and disturbed among the participants before the commencement of the topic so the participants should also prepare themselves for the topic The speaker should be ready to define the questions
ROLE OF PARTICIPANTS Participants should be well acquainted with theme They should appreciate the performance of the speaker They should be able to put questions and seek clarification They are 25 -30 participants in seminar
ROLE OF OBSERVER Some guest and observers are also invited to observe the activity
PROCEDURE OF SEMINAR Organizer select the theme and organize the seminar Chairmen conduct the activities of seminar and direct the seminar on theme Speaker speaks about the theme Group discussion Participants seeks clarification and put questions Observers observe the activity of seminar
TYPES OF SEMINAR Mini seminar Main seminar National seminar International seminar
NATIONAL SEMINAR
ADVANTAGES OF SEMINAR METHOD Stimulation of thinking Tolerance of other views develops Cooperation with others develops Openness of ideas occurs Represent the norms of behaviors It has great instructional values Natural way of learning
LIMITATION OF SEMINAR Seminar cannot be organized on all the content of subject matters Technique cannot be used in all levels of education