SEMINAR.pptxNonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is the build-up of extra fat in liver cells not caused by alcohol. The severe form is called nonalcoholic

1. PREVALENCE OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN DISTRICT SAHIWAL 1 Muqaddas Latif 2022-ag-1180 M.Phil . ( EPH) 4th Semester Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Supervisory committee: Prof. Dr. Rao Zahid Abbas ( Supervisor) Dr. Muhammad Imran ( Member) Dr. Muhammad Naveed Anwar ( Member)

2. 2 Accumulation of fat in liver that exceeds 5 to 10% by weight Excess of fat storage in hepatocytes Obese and older people are more likely to develop this Disease. Early stage does not usually cause any serious issue but it can lead to liver cirrhosis Globally estimated prevalence rate of NAFLD is 29.8% Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD ) ( Sanyal and Siddiqui,2020)

3. Associated risk factors Obesity Type 2 diabetes High cholesterol Metabolic syndrome 3

4. 4 Study Mobin et al. (2017) conducted cross-sectional observational study in the Shaikh Zayed Hospital in Lahore. The motive of this research had been to ascertain the prevalence of NAFLD among individuals diagnosed with type II diabetes. Thirty-one cases of DM-II that had been diagnosed were assessed for NAFLD. Upon ultrasonography, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was discovered in 61% of the females and 53% of the males. Hamid et al. (2019) conducted a longitudinal study at the Aga Khan University Hospital in Karachi. Participants in this trial were younger patients diagnosed with T2DM during the last half a year. Using the technique of hepatic ultrasonography, NAFLD was discovered. The purpose of the study had been to evaluate the incidence of NAFLD in T2DM along with associated risk factors in the southern region of Pakistan. Review of Literature

5. 5 Study Discussion Wagan et al. (2020) C arried a study at Central Park Medical College Lahore's Rheumatology OPD from The objective of this research was to check the prevalence of NAFLD by using the Framingham 10-year cardiovascular risk score, individuals with rheumatoid arthritis Hussain et al. (2023) C onducted a cross-sectional approach to evaluate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease risk factors in Liaqat University's Hospital Jamshoro , Department of Medicine The NAFLD was classified on factors such as vitamin D deficiency, smoking, hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and uncontrolled diabetic mellitus. Compared to females, males were more affected

6. Objectives NALFD is prevalent in the Sahiwal region and risk factors are strongly associated with it . To evaluate the prevalence of NAFLD in district Sahiwal To identify the co-morbidities and risk factors that is related to NAFLD in the research area. 6 Hypothesis

7. Sample size 215 Materials and Methods 7 Study Area And Design Convenient Random Sampling Method Data obtained by using questionnaire Statistical Analysis Pearson’s chi square DHQ Sahiwal Cross sectional Study

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10. NAFLD associated with diabetes 10

11. Obesity correlate with NAFLD 11

12. Conclusion NAFLD is a leading cause of chronic liver disease Several risk factors contribute to its development Including obesity, Insulin resistance, Lifestyle factors such as unhealthy diet Low physical activity significantly associated with NAFLD. 12

13. References 13 Sanyal , A.J and M.S. Siddiqui. 2020. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Gastroenterol . Clin . North Am. 49:13–14. Wagan , A.A., A.Q. Bhutoo , D. Khan and A. Raheem. 2020. Fatty liver in Pakistani cohort with rheumatoid arthritis. Pakistan J. Med. Sci. 36:723–728. Hussain, Z., M.A. Rind, M. Nazir and M. Saleem . 2023. Assessment of Risk Factors for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Pakistan J. Heal. Sci. 4:187–191. Mobin , A., H. Shaikh, I. Manzoor and M.U. Khan. 2017. Frequency of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in diabetes mellitus type-II patients. Med. Forum Mon. 28:22–25. Hamid, S., A. Subhan Butt, F. Sharif, Z. Haider , M. Salih , S. Awan, A.A. Khan and J. Akhter. 2019. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases among Recently Diagnosed Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Risk Factors. Euroasian J. Hepato -Gastroenterology 9:9–13.

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