seminar topic history of pre mendian era

in the above doccument mentioned all the detail about the all the historical events happens in pre mendelian era

1. In The Supervision of
Dr. Ajeet Pratap Singh
( Assistant Prof. & Head )
Deptt. of Genetics and Plant Breeding

Topic – History of Plant Breeding ( Pre Mendelian era )

Deptt. of Genetics and Plant Breeding
SDJ Post Graduate
MSDSU Azamgarh , Uttar Pradesh


( Assistant Prof. & Head ) M.Sc. (Ag.)
Deptt. of Genetics and Plant Breeding Roll no.

MASTER
SEMINAR
( GPB – 591 )
History of Plant Breeding ( Pre Mendelian era )
Deptt. of Genetics and Plant Breeding
SDJ Post Graduate College Chandeshwar Azamgarh
MSDSU Azamgarh , Uttar Pradesh
Presented by
Satyam Pandey
M.Sc. (Ag.) G.P.B.IV Semester
Roll no.- 24204350011
History of Plant Breeding ( Pre Mendelian era )
Deptt. of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Chandeshwar Azamgarh
MSDSU Azamgarh , Uttar Pradesh

2. History of Plant Breeding :-

In Broad sense history of Plant Breeding can be
divided into four Parts : -
1. Pre Mendelian Era :- Before 1900
2. Mendelian Era :- 1900 to 1920
3. Post Mendelian Era :- 1921 to 1950
4. Modern Era :- After 1950.

3. Pre Mendelian Era :-
The process of bringing a wild species under human
management is referred to as Domestication.

 9000 B.C. : First evidence of Plant domestication in
the hills above the Tigris River.

 8000 B.C.: The earliest known form of plant
breeding begins with the domestication of crops like
wheat, barley, and legumes in the Fertile Crescent
(modern-day Middle East).


4.  3000 B.C. : Domestication of all important food
crops in the Old World completed.

 2000 B.C. : The Chinese develop techniques for
selective breeding of crops like rice, soybeans, and
millet.

 1000 B.C. : Domestication of all important food
crops in the New World completed.

5.  700 B.C.: Babylonians and Assyrians hand pollinate
date palm artificially.


 1665 : Robert Hooke ( England ) : First described
the cell and known as father of cell biology.

 1694 : Camerarius of Germany first to demonstrate
role of sex in plants and suggested crossing as a
method to obtain new plant types.

6.  1716 : Cotton Mather of USA observed natural
crossing in maize (yellow corn plants adjacent to blue
or red corn had red or blue corn.


 1717 : Thomas Fairchild : Developed first Inter
specific hybrid between sweet William and Carnation
pink species of Dianthus popularly known as Fair
Child’s mule.

7.  1727 : The First plant breeding company was
established in France by the Louis - De – vilmorin and
introduced the pedigree method of breeding.



 1753 : C. Linnaeus published “ Species planetarium ”
Binomial nomenclature of plant taxonomy officially
begins with his general list of plant species.

8.  1766: Joseph Koelreuter of Germany demonstrated
that hybrid offspring received traits from both
parents and were intermediate in most traits
observed and produced first scientific hybrid using
tobacco.


 1800 – 1835 : Knight T.A ( English ) : First used
Artificial Hybridization in Fruit Crops.

9.  1819 : Shirreff P., Utilized pure line selection to
develop a new oat cultivar ( Released in 1824 ), and a
new wheat cultivar ( Released in 1832 ).

 Red – fife famous wheat variety sel. By farmer
David fife.


 1823 : Knight : Dominance, Recessiveness, and
segregation observed in peas.

10.  1840 : John Le Couteur developed the concept of
progeny test and individual plant selection in cereals.



 1840 – 50 : De Vilmorin (French Biologist) :
progeny test in wheat , oat and sugar – beet breeding.

11.  1859 – 89 : Darwin : Published “ Origin of species” ,
and noted inbreeding sterility and differences in
reciprocal crosses.


 1866 : Mendal G. J ( Austria ) : published his
discoveries in “ Experiments in plant hybridization ” ,
cumulating in the formulation of laws of inheritance
in garden pea and discovery of unit factors ( genes ).

12.  1873 : Patrick Shireff concluded that only the
variation heritable nature responded to selections
and that there variation arose through ‘natural
sports’ (=mutation ) and by ‘natural hybridization’
(recombination during meiosis in the hybrids so
produced ).

13.  1882 : A. D. Condolle write history and origin of
cultivated plants.


 1890 : Rimpu E. ( Sweden ) : First made inheritance
cross between bread wheat and rye which later on
gave birth to triticale.