septic artheitis.The initial goal of therapy is to control and halt the infective process.

The initial goal of therapy is to control and halt the infective process.

1. Submitted by:
Samaa Ali Zhamis
Ashwaq Fawzi Yassin
Supervised by:
Pro. Dr. Hussein Hadi

2. Objectives:
1. Identify septic arthritis
2. Classify septic arthritis
3. Understand the pathophysiology of septic arthritis
4. Identify risk factors of septic arthritis
5. Discuss the diagnostic methods of septic arthritis
6. Describe the treatment options and nursing
management of septic arthritis

4. Joints can become infected through the spread of pathogens from
other parts of the body (hematogenous spread) or directly through
trauma, injection, or surgical instrumentation, causing septic
arthritis.
Hematogenous Spread
Bacteria
Preexisting Infection
Bloodstream

5. Septic Arthritis
Joint Inflammation
Bacterial Infections
Spreads Contiguously or Hematogenously
Minority Majority
- Caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Gonococcal Arthritis
- Caused by Staphylococcus aureus
Non-Gonococcal Arthritis

6. Bacteria
- Present with pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs)
Toxins
-destroy articular
cartilage (e.g.,
chondrocyte
Protease: digests
collagen).
Toxins
-destroy articular
cartilage (e.g.,
chondrocyte
Protease: digests
collagen).
Increase Vasodilation
and Permeability
Proinflammatory
-Cytokines
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha
Staphylococcus aureus
Macrophage
Mast Cell
Histamine
Staphylococcus aureus
Clostridium tetani
-Tetanus

7. Fluids Accumulate in the Joint Space
In the Intra-Articular Pressure
Compressing Blood Vessels
Necrosis of Affected Bones and Cartilage
Joint Destruction
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE

8. Clinical Manifestations
Single joint
Swollen
Red
Hot
Rapid onset
Systemic
symptoms
Fever
Lethargy
Often
knee
Decrease range of
motion
Stiffness
Painful

17. References
•Osmosis. (2019). Osmosis high-yield pathology: volume 2. Osmosis.
•Tami, J, R. (2022). Management of patients with musculoskeletal disorders
In Brunner, D. Sudderth (Eds.), Medical-surgical nursing: (3130-3132)
Mosby Elsevier.
•Goldenberg, D. L., & Sexton, D. J. (2019). Septic arthritis in adults.
UpToDate. Retrieved on 11/24/2020 at:
www.uptodate.com/contents/septic-arthritis-inadults
•Oh, D., Wurcel, A., Tybor, D., et al. (2018). Increased mortality and
reoperation rates after treatment for septic arthritis of the knee in people
who inject drugs: Nationwide inpatient sample, 2000–2013. Clinical
Orthopedic and Related Research, 476(8), 1557–1565.

18. THANK YOU FOR
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