Serum proteins diseasis_0. 94815.pptx

Clinical chemistry protein

1. Serum Proteins Components Diseases

2. ▪ Types of plasma proteins:

3. Serum proteins Types and Function: Albumin :  The most abundant plasma protein, important in water distribution in our body Globulins α- and β :   Proteins includes:α- and β-globulins: These transport lipids, metal ions, and fat-soluble vitamins throughout the body. 

4. γ-globulins ( Immunoglobulins ):   Also known as antibodies , these are produced by plasma cells and important for the immune system

5. Classes of Serum Proteins Albumins 60% Globulins ( α , β , γ ) 35% 90 % plasma proteins made in Liver γ globulin made in P lasma cell ( B lymphocytes) { Bone Marrow } B lymphocytes P lasma cell

6. Diseases associated with serum proteins Hypo - albuminemia ▪ Liver disease ( Reduce synthesis ) ▪ Malnutrition ( Reduce intake ) ▪ Nephrotic syndrome ( Increase loss )

7. Complications : Brain : Cerebral edema Lung : Intra-alveolar=pulmonary edema, intra- pleural=pleural effusion Peritoneum = ascites Severe generalized edema Leg edema

8. Hypo- proteinemia Liver failure Nephrotic syndrome Malnutrition Malabsorption Severe burns

9. Disorder of immunoglobulins ( Ab ): hyper production of plasma cells ( multiple myeloma ). hypogammaglobulinamia ( HIV ). Alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency ( Genetic ).

10. Amyloidosis  Accumulation of abnormal proteins (amyloid) in various tissues and organs

11. Types : 1. Primary amyloidosis :Associated with plasma cell. 2. Secondary amyloidosis :Associated with chronic inflammation or infection . 3. Hereditary amyloidosis : Caused by genetic mutations . 4. Wild-type amyloidosis: Age-related , non-hereditary.

12. Causes of serum protein abnormalities: genetic mutation Liver disease Kidney disease Autoimmune diseases Malignancies

13. Diagnosis genetic testing Liver testing ( Biochemistry tests ) Kidney evaluation( Biochemistry tests ) Autoimmune testing ( measuring Ig s ) Malignancies ( electrophoresis )