Server Management and Administration Introduction

Server Management and Administration Introduction

1. Server Management & Administration

2. Subject Outline T1:Client/Server architecture & NOS Introduction T2: DNS and DHCP server management T3: Database and Web servers management T4: Storage Management T5:System backup and Archiving T6: Datacenter architecture T7: IT Monitoring T8: IT governance [Optional]: Server Virtualization 10/3/2025 2

3. 10/3/2025 3

4. How Internet Works 10/3/2025 4

5. How Internet Works? 10/3/2025 5 Internet is actually Interconnected Servers Each Server has its own task

6. How Internet Works 10/3/2025 6

7. How Internet Works 10/3/2025 7

8. Servers Types 10/3/2025 8

9. 2-Tiers vs. Multi-Tiers Servers 10/3/2025 9

10. The digital world in 1 second 10/3/2025 10

11. How big is the data storage market 10/3/2025 11

12. How big is the data storage market 10/3/2025 12

13. Data centres 10/3/2025 13

14. Introduction to computing Paradigms

15. Computing Evolution Computing: designing and building hardware and software systems for a wide range of purposes: processing, structuring, and managing various kinds of information; doing scientific studies using computers; making computer systems behave intelligently; creating and using communications and entertainment media ; finding and gathering information relevant to any particular purpose, and so on. ACM Computing Curricula 2005 10/3/2025 15

16. Computing Overview In the early days of computers, computer systems were standalone systems there were no connections . had their own set of terminal and printer, and process data independently . might used different operating system and software programs. Different and duplicated stored data forms. Inability to connect among each others. 10/3/2025 16

17. Computing Overview standalone systems 10/3/2025 17 How was the world without networks/communications ?! IS it valuable for business environment?

18. Computing Overview How came First : PC Mainframe Server 10/3/2025 18

19. Computing Evolution 10/3/2025 19

20. Computing Paradigms

21. Centralized Processing A host computer (often a mainframe) handles all processing , including input, output, data storage and retrieval. Dump terminals can be used for data entry or remote access ( NO PROCESSING ).

22. Distributed Computing A collection of interconnected independent computers collaborate to handle the processing. Independent? Each node (computer ) has its own resources (CPU, storage, memory,…). No shared memory . The end user fully utilizes his/her node, as well as, the resources of the remote computer.

23. Distributed Computing world wide web (internet). Is the famous example. When you use a browser to visit a web site, a program such as Internet Explorer runs on local system and interacts with a program(known as web server) which runs on remote system to fetch a file or resource. I have full access on my PC/Laptop ( Independent ) I can access any resource on the internet ( Interconnected )

24. Distributed Computing What are the kinds of Distributed Computing?

25. Distributed Computing There are two models of distributed paradigm: Asymmetric relation Different Nodes with Different Roles symmetric relation Different Nodes with Same Roles

26. Peer-to-peer model A class of decentralized, self-organizing distributed systems, in which all or most communication is symmetric .” (IPTPS’02) The load is divided among all the involved components. Each node is considered as both server and client. ( symmetric relation ) Each node contribute some processing power and memory.

27. P2P model Application Computation E.g. Seti@Home (Astronomy), UnitedDevices (Cancer Research), and Gnome@home . File Sharing Napster, FastTrack ( KaZaA , iMesh ), Gnutella (LimeWire, BearShare ), Overnet , BitTorrent , etc Content Streaming Pplive , SplitStream , etc The first few users get the stream from the server New users get the stream from the server or from users who are already receiving the stream. 10/3/2025 27

28. P2P model Application Backup storage ( HiveNet , OceanStore ) Collaborative environments (Groove Networks) Web serving communities ( uServ ) Instant messaging (Yahoo, AOL) Anonymous email Censorship-resistant publishing systems ( Ethernity , Freenet ) Spam filtering. 10/3/2025 28

29. Client Server Model It is the most prevalent model for distributed computing protocols. It is the basis of all distributed computing paradigms at a higher level of abstraction. It is service-oriented , and employs a request-response protocol . 10/3/2025 29

30. Client-Server Model Each component of a client-server system has the role of either client or server ( Asymmetric Relation ) Client : a component that makes requests clients are active initiators of transactions Server : a component that satisfies requests servers are passive and react to client requests.

31. Client-Server Model Server manage network resources like Disk drives (file servers), Printers (print servers), and Network traffic (network servers) Client Initiate the service (e.g. email client to send an email/ web browser to open website) Rely on servers for: Files, Devices, Processing power. Fat client vs. Thin Client 10/3/2025 31

32. Client-Server Model Which is the best? P2P Client-Server 10/3/2025 32

33. Fat vs. Thin 10/3/2025 33

34. Fat client vs. Thin Client Fat Server  Thin Client Thin Server  Fat Client 10/3/2025 34

35. Fat client vs. Thin Client Fat clients (thin server) The bulk of the application is running on the client The client knows how the data is organized and where it is Different clients access the same applications different ways Fat servers (thin client) The server more complicated The clients are less complex More of the code runs on the server The network interaction is minimized 10/3/2025 35

36. Fat client vs. Thin Client 10/3/2025 36 Data Management Application Logic Presentation 3 Logical Tiers 1 2 3 Thin Client Fat Client 2 Client Types

37. Server Types File servers File sharing and file processing Data base servers Passing file results Example: Query in DBMS server Typically one single request/reply Transaction servers Transaction server includes DBMS and transaction monitoring Server has remote procedures run online by the client web servers Super-fat servers and thin clients Uses HTTP protocol Java was first to introduce interactive C/S forms. 10/3/2025 37

38. Two-Tier vs. Three-Tier Architecture Two-tier servers Examples: file servers and database server The process (application logic) is buried within the client or server (or both) Three-tier servers Examples: Web and distributed objects The process is run on the middle-tier – separated from the user and data interface They can integrate the data from multiple sources More robust and more scalable

39. Two-Tier vs. Three-Tier Architecture 10/3/2025 39

40. Two-Tier vs. Three-Tier Architecture 10/3/2025 40 Tier 1 Tier 2 (middleware Tier 3

41. Two-Tier vs. Three-Tier Architecture 10/3/2025 41

42. Middleware Software a set of common business-unaware services that enable applications (server) and end users (client) to interact with each other across a network. Allowing the client request for a service and the server providing it Middleware can also be between server/server Two broad classes General LAN servers, TCP/IP, Communication stacks, Queuing services, etc. Application specific Used to accomplish a specific task Groupware specific: SMTP Internet specific: HTTP Database specific: SQL

43. Middleware Software 10/3/2025 43 Web Browser GUI OS Service-Specific; DSM NOS (security, peer-to-peer, directory, distributed files); Transport stack (TCP/IP) Web server Groupware DBMS Etc. Client Middleware Server DSM: Distributed Shared Memory

44. Client/Server vs. P2P 10/3/2025 44

45. Client/Server vs. P2P 24x7 Accessibility: Improved Collaboration Centralized, Client Backups Remote Access Server Backups Enhanced Security Better Client Performance Shared, System-Wide Services Enhanced Reliability Business Growth 10/3/2025 45

46. Server Management Server Management refers to the servers’ monitoring and maintenance . Maintenance ensures that every hardware and software run at its optimal capabilities. Monitoring involves keeping track of every metric and parameter that may affect your server performing at full capacity. How to do that? This is the core of UCCN3004  10/3/2025 46

47. Thank you 47