Session no. 2.2. biological molecules proteins and enzymes

session

1. Session No. 2.2.
Structures and Functions of Biological
Molecules: Proteins and Enzymes

2. Learning Objectives
1.categorize the biological molecule as protein
according to their structure and function
(STEM_BIO11/12-Ii-j-15).
2.explain the role of protein in specific metabolic
processes (STEM_BIO11/12-Ii-j-16).
3.describe the components of an enzyme
(STEM_BIO11/12-Ii-j-17).
4.determine how factos such as pH,
temperature, and substrate affect enzyme
activity (STEM_BIO11/12-Ii-j-19).

3. Simple test for the presence
of biomolecules
Group 1: Test for the presence of fats
using peanut
Group 2: Test for presence of starch
using Irish potato
Group 3. Test for the presence of
sugar using ripe banana
Group 4. Test for the presence of
protein using egg albumin

4. Presentation of the
results

5. Questions to Answer
Complete and Incomplete proteins.

6. Identify the following whether
it is complete/incomplete
protein.

7. Complete or incomplete
protein?

8. Complete or incomplete
protein?

9. Complete or incomplete
protein?

10. Complete or incomplete
protein?

11. Complete or Incomplete Protein?

12. What is complete and
incomplete proteins?
Any animal source of protein that
is shown is complete; any plant
source is incomplete.

13. What is protein?
•an organic compound made up of
small molecules called amino
acids

14. the largest known proteins are titins,
found in muscle, which are composed
from over 27,000 amino acids.

15. Our hair is approximately 91
percent protein, and is made
up of long chains of amino
acids that are found within the
fibers of the cortex of the hair.

16. Amino Acid

17. Amino Acids

18. Protein Structure

19. Four Levels of Protein
Structure

20. Functions of Proteins
1.Helps cells keep their shape
(structural proteins)
2.As connective and motor proteins,
make up muscle tissue
3.Transport items in and out of cells
(transport proteins)
4.Some act as signals & others
receive those signals

21. Functions of Proteins
5.Speed up chemical reactions
(enzymes)
6.Some bind to foreign substances
(bacteria, virus) and target them
for destruction (antibodies)
7.Some carry other messages or
transport materials (hemoglobin
that binds with oxygen)

22. Hemoglobin
•Purple part contain iron that binds with oxygen molecules.

23. Enzymes
•"biological catalysts” –
produced or derived from
some living organisms, which
has the ability to increase the
rate of chemical reaction and
will not changed or destroyed
by the reaction

24. Action of Enzyme
•. An enzyme reduces the activation energy of a
reaction.

25. Enzyme: Lock and Key Model

26. Enzyme: Lock and Key Model

27. Factors that influence
enzymes’ activities
•Temperature

28. •Ph

30. •Substrate Concentration

31. Learning Check

33. •Inhibitors

36. Competitive/non-competitive?
•Binds to enzyme surface, but not to
the active site.
•Structure is similar to substrate

37. Fin
Thank You….

38. Learning Check

39. reverse

40. Source: