SEXUAL ASPECT OF SELF SEXUAL ASPECT OF SELF

about sexual aspect of self

1. SEXUAL ASPECT OF SELF

2. Sigmund freud and the Desire for Pleasure Human being's need for sex is not of the same level need for oxygen, water, and food, But without it, humankind will perish. Sex main purpose is for procreation but it is also a source of pleasure which is an important part of sexual health. For Sigmund Freud, all human behavior is motivated by the desire to feel pleasure. Such motivation is organized and controlled by two instincts: sexuality and aggression. Freud theorized that these instincts are driven by a form of internal psychic energy called libido.

3. Sexual behavior is regulated by both subcortical structures, such as the hypothalamus, brainstem, and spinal cord, and several cortical brain areas acting as an orchestra to finely adjust this primitive, complex, and versatile behavior

4. When a human sexual response is activated, the heart rate increases, the blood pressure rises and an increased supply of blood is made available to the reptilian brain and less flows to the more rational parts of the brain. Chemicals such as adrenaline and cortisone are also injected into the bloodstream, which arouses the body sexual responses.

5. This closing down of the more rational elements of the brain results in the displacement of the capacity for patterning, problem solving, creativity, flexibility, and peripheral awareness. Rational thought is displaced by survival, ritualistic and rote behaviours .

6. Development of Secondary Sex Characteristics and the Human Reproductive System   During adolescence, boys and girls develop their secondary sex characteristics along with other physical changes they experience in this stage. In the stages of human growth and development, an individual becomes physically mature upon reaching the stage of puberty. Physical changes during adolescence are brought about by sex hormones from the testes and ovaries of males and females, respectively.

7. Development of Secondary Sex Characteristics and the Human Reproductive System Testosterone is the sex hormone for males, and estrogen and progesterone are for females. Usually , the increase in testosterone takes place at the age of 12 to 14 years for males while the increase in estrogen and progesterone takes place at the age of 10 to 12 years for females. Rapid growth and changes happen at the age of 16 to 17 years in males and 15 to 17 years for females .

8. For males, physical changes include rapid increase in height and weight, growth of Adam's apple, deepening of voice, widening of shoulders, appearance and growth of pubic hair, and underarm and facial hair, among others.

9. For females, changes include rapid increase in height and weight, onset of menstruation, development of breasts and hips, among others.  

10. Males develop more slowly in terms of physical growth and physiological changes but continue to grow for about six years. Development during puberty follows a predictable sequence, but every individual experiences changes at his or her own pace for growth and development are influenced by heredity, environment, and lifestyle .

11. 1. Penis- the primary male sex organ. It has a long shaft and an enlarged tip called the glans penis.  

12.   2. Testes or testicles the organ responsible for the production of sperm cells and testosterone, the male sex hormone. The testes or testicles lie outside the abdominal cavity of the male within the scrotum

13.   3.Vas deferens the tube that connects the testes with the urethra. It serves as a passageway of the sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts for ejaculation.  

14.   4 . Scrotum the sac of skin that carries the testes, It protects the testes and is responsible for maintaining the body temperature a few degrees below the normal body temperature.  

15.     5. Sperm - the male sex cell. It is produced in the testes and matures in the epididymis and passes from the vas deferens to the urethra. The sperm is released out of the male reproductive system through the semen, the fluid that carries the sperm along with a range of organic and inorganic constituents.

16.     6. Prostate gland - a gland that surrounds the upper part o the urethra just below the bladder. It secretes fluids that nourish and protect the sperm.

17.     7. Epididymis-long-coiled tube located at testicles that stores and carries sperm.

18. Female Reproductive System The female reproductive system is composed of the ovary ovum, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, and vulva. The main function of the female reproductive system is the production, transportation, and fertilization of eggs and the production of sex hormones.  

19. 1. Ovary the female reproductive organ located in the pelvic cavity which produces the ova (egg cell and secretes the female hormones, progesterone and estrogen .

20. 2. Ovum - the female reproductive cell also called the e cell. Once matured, it unites with a male sperm to for a fertilized egg.

21. 3. Fallopian Tubes or Oviducts - extend from the uterus to the ovaries. The primary function of the tubes is carry the egg from the ovary to the uterus.

22. 4. Uterus : the thick-walled, pear-sized and -shape muscular organ that lies above the urinary bladder. It nurtures the fertilized ovum that develops into the fetus and carries the baby until its birth.

23. 5. Cervix-the lower part of the uterus. It directs the sperm into the uterus during sexual intercourse.

24. 6. Vagina - the elastic passageway from the cervix to the outside of the female body. It receives the penis during sexual intercourse and it is where the baby passes during childbirth.

25. 7. Vulva - the external genital organ of the female. It consists the labia majora , labia minora , mons pubis, clitoris, vestibules, and the vaginal opening.

26. Male body Female body Mouth Mouth Lips Lips Neck Neck Nipples Breast Scrotum Nipples Perineum(the area between the anus and scrotum) Cervix (lower end of the uterus) Penis Vigana   Clitoris Erogenous Zones An erogenous zone is a part of the body that is highly sensitive and the stimulation of which leads to sexual responses such as relaxation, fantasies, arousal, and orgasm. The stimulation of an individual's erogenous zone is considered an act of physical intimacy. These zones differ between the male and female bodies  

27. Human Sexual Responses Sexual response cycle is the term used to describe the change that occur in the body as men and women become sexually aroused (Masters & Johnson, 1966). The cycle is divided four phases, namely excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution, into 1. Excitement - This is when the body gets ready for sexual activity. In this phase, males may experience an increase in heart rate, muscle tension, increase in breathing erection of penis and nipples, tightening of scrotum, and release of pre-ejaculation fluid. For females, they may experience the swelling of the clitoris and release of lubricating fluid. 2. Plateau - During this phase, intensified breathing Lob high blood pressure, and faster heart rate may be experienced as well as muscle contraction in the face. feet, and hands. For males, testicles are withdrawn up into the scrotum. For females, continued swelling of the vagina is experienced and the clitoris becomes very sensitive. 3. Orgasm - This is also referred to as the climax of the cycle. During this phase, breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate are further intensified. Contraction of the muscles of the face, feet, and hands continues. One or both are breathing heavily and there is irrepressible and powerful release of sexual tension. For males, release of the semen occurs. For females, muscle contraction of the vagina is experienced. 4. Resolution - The body gradually returns to its normal level of functioning. Some parts of the body return to their original size and color . It is also during this www phase that fatigue begins to be felt but the overall all sexual activity is also expected to bring a sense of biological fulfillment .

28. Lust (libido or sex drive) is characterized by the desire for sexual gratification which is inherent to every living organism. For humans, this is associated with the sex hormones, testosterone (for males) and estrogen (for females ). Understanding the Chemistry of Lust, Attraction, and Attachment

29. Understanding the Chemistry of Lust, Attraction, and Attachment Attraction (passionate or obsession, infatuation) is characterized by the intense attention given to a desired partner. An individual with a high degree of attraction towards another person craves for emotional union with that person. Sometimes, when one is dominated by passion, one tends to do stupid and foolish acts.  

30. 1. Adrenaline is released by the body for "fight" or "flight." For instance, after surprisingly meeting one's object of affection, this hormone will activate one's stress response such as sweating and drying of the mouth . 2. Dopamine - ignites an intense rush of pleasure when released. High level of neurotransmitter like dopamine causes increased energy, less need for food and sleep , and focused attention to one's desired partner . 3. Serotonin - is attributed to "falling in love" as this it hormone makes a person think of his or her desired partner at most times.   This stage is driven by chemicals and hormones like adrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin.

31. 1 . Oxytocin (cuddle hormone) - is released during orgasm, The feeling of attachment becomes more intense after a couple has sexual intercourse. 2. Vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone) - is released after sexual intercourse. Scientists discovered the role of vasopressin in attachment by studying prairie vole , A small creatures (like mice) that form monogamous bonds like humans. When male prairie voles were injected a drug that suppresses vasopressin, they began neglecting their partners. Attachment (companionate love) is characterized by the desire of couples to stay together. A person who is already attached feels comfort and security from his or her partner. This phase also includes behaviors anchored on long-term companionship. This stage is driven by two major hormones, by two major hormones namely oxytocin and vasopressin

32. Is sex = love?

33. Sexually Transmitted Diseases Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) refer to health conditions that are passed on from a person to another through sexual contact . STDs can be contracted through having unprotected sex with someone who has STD.  

34. 1. HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) a spectrum of conditions caused by being infected with HIV. HIV is primarily transmitted through unprotected sex, hand contaminated needle exchange and blood transfusion, and during pregnancy. AIDS refers to the occurrence of specific diseases due to the contraction of HIV.

35. 2. Gonorrhea - a bacterial infection of the mucous membranes including the eye, throat, genitals, and other organs. Usual symptoms in men include secretion of yellowish-white fluid from the penis and painful urination. For women, they may experience painful urination with discharge, accompanied by fever, abdominal pain, and pelvic inflammatory disease.

36. 3. Syphilis - an infection caused by corkscrew-shaped bacterium called Treponema pallidum that is transmitted through direct contact with a syphilitic sore on the skin. It causes sores on the vagina, anus, wd rectum, even on the lips and mouth. Syphillis is transmitted not only through sexual activity but also by merely kissing an infected person. Syphilis may lead Sexual Aspect of Self to paralysis, crippling, blindness, heart disease, brain and organ damage, dementia, and even death.

37. 4. Genital herpes - is a viral infection that causes blisters on the genitals. It also causes itching and a burning sensation on the skin. Unfortunately, there is no cure for genital herpes, but there are medications to reduce its severity and the frequency of outbreaks.

38. 5 . Genital warts are warts caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) that grows in the genital or anal area.

39. 6. Chancroid - is a bacterial infection that causes sores or ulcers on the genitals. Chancroid sores usually appear at the head of the penis for men and on the labia majora for women.

40. 7. Pubic lice (crabs) - are very small parasites that infest the genital area which are primarily spread through sexual contact. The parasites are attached to the pubic hair and may even be transmitted with contaminated clothes, bedding, and other items.

41. 8. Scabies is a skin condition that is caused by infestation of tiny mites called Sarcoptes scabiei . Symptoms of mite invasion include itching and rashes. Similar to other mites, they lay and hatch egg in human skin. It is usually transmitted through sexual intercourse and close body contact. These mites cannot jump or fly but to sharing of clothes and other washable items may also lead to their transmission.

42. 9. Trichomoniasis an infection caused by a parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis . Men infected with trichomoniasis may experience itching, genital irritation with discharge, and painful urination and ejaculation. Women infected with trichomoniasis may also feel itching, genital soreness and irritation, painful urination with unusual discharge that can be yellowish or greenish in color .  

43. 10 Molluscom contagiosum - another sexually transmitted infection caused by molluscum contagiosum virus. It is a skin condition characterized by small lumps ( molluscum ) which are pearly-white or slightly pink. These lumps, when squeezed, release a white cheesy fluid. The virus can be transmitted also through skip to-skin contact and through sharing of clothes and other personal things.

44. 11. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) - it is not a sexually transmitted infection (STT) but a complication resulting from STIs especially Chlamydia and gonorrhea . Women infected with PID experience inflammation of the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. The disease is caused by bacteria, fungi, or parasites.

45. 12. Chlamydia - a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis that do significant damage to the human reproductive system. Chlamydia can infect the penis, vagina, cervix, anus, urethra, eyes, and throat . Females infected with Chlamydia suffer vaginal discharge with strong smell, difficulty in urinating, and pain during sexual intercourse. Males infected with Chlamydia experience discharge from the penis, difficulty in urinating, and swelling in the testicles.

46. Methods of Contraception

47. 1 . Folk Method a. Postcoital Douche or Douching - Douching is a method used by women to flush out the vagina with a medicinal solution to remove or destroy the sperm. After sexual activity, the woman will immediately apply the solution. Some of the solutions used are water, vinegar, and other commercially available products. However, this is relatively ineffective because the sperm enters into the cervical canal within two minutes after ejaculation and such access may occur before the seminal fluid can be washed off from the vagina. Doctors claim that frequent douching may affect the natural mucous of the vagina. Moreover, women find it inconvenient to douche right after intercourse. b. Prolonged Lactation - This technique used by women is done through breast feeding their baby for a longer period. Prolonged lactation, according to doctors, helps delay ovulation.  

48. 2 . Behavioral Contraceptives Behavioral contraceptives do not need any artificial devices. Pregnancy can be prevented by altering the natural process of sexual relations, thus impeding at the union of the egg and sperm cells. However, such methods require a high degree of motivation for partner or couples to become successful . a. Rhythm method - Couples are enjoined to abstain for a certain period while the woman is fertile. A greater degree of reliability may be obtained if the woman will keep track of her body temperature every morning. During the menstrual cycle, the highest recorded body temperature is the time that the woman is most fertile. b. Ovulation method - This practice makes use of the observed mucous discharge from the vagina at the beginning of a woman's fertile period. c. Withdrawal or - This is a process wherein the man, during sexual intercourse, withdraws the penis out of the vagina before orgasm. d. Coitus reservatus - This is a practice in which the man withholds ejaculation and let the erection subside inside the vagina.

49. 3. Mechanical Contraceptives There are mechanical contraceptives of different forms that act as barriers to prevent the sperm from entering the uterus, thereby preventing pregnancy . a. Condom - The condom is a thin material made of rubber used during sexual activity. The man wears the condom on his penis to prevent the sperm from entering the vagina. Most doctors usually recommend the use of condom to men who are sexually active to prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

50. b . Diaphragm - This is a shallow rubber cup inserted into the vagina. The diaphragm is coated with spermicidal cream or jelly to prevent the entry of sperm into the uterus. After intercourse, the diaphragm should not be removed for at least eight hours. The diaphragm can be inserted by the woman alone without any assistance.

51. c . Cervical caps These are fitted over the cervix by a doctor. Usually, cervical caps can be worn for a month starting after menstruation up to the onset of the next menstruation.

52. 4. Chemical Contraceptives Chemical contraceptives, better known as spermicides, are used to prevent pregnancy by stopping the sperm from entering the uterus. a. Vaginal suppositories and tablets - A suppository is a small, bullet-shaped dosage bimbo form containing chemicals used in destroying the sperm cells. It is inserted into the vagina to melt before sexual intercourse .

53. 4. Chemical Contraceptives b . Contraceptive jellies, creams, and foams - These are applied onto the vagina shortly before sexual intercourse, Vaginal foams are packaged with butane propellant in a bottle or are sold with plastic applicators. These spermicides immobilize and kill the sperms. They are effective for an hour as long as the vagina will not be douched or washed six hours after intercourse. According to some doctors, the most effective spermicide is the vaginal foam. The vaginal foam effectively covers the wall of the vagina with a thick film of foam to 20 prevent the sperm from entering the uterus.

54. 5. Intrauterine Devices An intrauterine device (IUD) is a small device of polyethylene plastic or thin copper wire inserted into the uterus by a physician. IUD includes the coil, the loop, and the Cooper that are used to avoid pregnancy. IUD has a nylon trail which can be felt at the cervical opening.

55. 6. Pills Taking the pill is completely dissociated from the sexual act. The pill renders the woman infertile. She does not need to think about pregnancy. When taken Texactly as prescribed, the pill is almost 100 percent effective. The pill contains hormones which prevent conception by inhibiting the ovaries from releasing egg cells.   The development of the oral contraceptive pill is viewed as another modern medical miracle. In contemporary society where there is a tendency to regard drugs as a panacea for everything, from insomnia, headache, to even boredom, it would be wise for a woman to remember that even medical miracles have their drawbacks. Oral contraceptives are powerful and effective drugs, but they have side effects on some users and should not be used at all by some women.

56. 7. Sterilization Sterilization or surgery is done with comparative ease and is virtually 100 percent effective. Tubal ligation is a major surgical procedure in which the woman is put under general anesthesia , a large abdominal incision is made and the fallopian tubes are cut and tied off. Ovulation and menstruation: continue as usual but the ripened egg cannot enter the uterus. Instead, it disintegrates and is absorbed by the body .  

57. 7. Sterilization Vasectomy is a relatively simple procedure in which the vas deferens, the tube through which sperms to be transported, is tied off or cauterized, causing the sperm to be reabsorbed by the body instead of becoming part of the semen .

58. 8. Injectables Injectables are one of the latest forms of contraception. This contraceptive is injected in a woman to inhibit ovulation . An injection usually lasts for three months .