Shah wali ullah

Shah wali ullah

1. Topic SHAH WALI ULLAH

2. FIZA JAVAD ROLL# 21

3. SAJID ALI Roll No # 31. Department of History & Pakistan Studies,University of The Punjab ,Lahore.

4. LITERATURE REVIEW Shah Wali Allah and his times by Saiyid Athar Abbas Razvi . A history of freedom movement . Article , waliullah of Dehli by Dr Nazeer Ahmad

5. INTRODUCTION History witnessed that whenever the enemies of Islam have created problems who crush it, God sends his pious person to defend Islam . Shah wali ullah is also one of these pious people who supported Muslim and there believes in the sub-continent in a very critical situation. He even stood against the corrupt Mughal government in eighteenth century which was very risky task. He not only reformed the religious ,economic political and social condition of Muslims but also prevented them from Maharatas

6. BIOGRAPHY Born on 21 Feb 1703. In a respectable family of Delhi . His complete name QUTUB-UD-DIN AHNAD. Ibn Abdul Raheem ,but because his pious nature people called him as Shah wali ullah . His father was famous for his knowledge and greater understanding of Islam as he was a leadind Hanafi jurist ,Islamic scholar and founder of Madrassa –e- Raheemiya . He was died in 1762

7. EDUCATION HE RECEIVED his early education in madrassa-e- Raheemiya . In his childhood ,hae memorize the Holy quran as well as learnt Hadees and Tafseer .He studied Arabic and persion . He studied metaphysical ,juridical ,philosophical and theological text in the age of 15 th . He graduated and started teaching in same Madrassa.

8. After death of his father he became the head of that madrassa .

9. PILGRIMAGE When to Hejaz to perform Hajj and stay there for 18 th year to study Haddees and Fiqah from scholars. Informed about the situation prevailing in different Muslim states . He saw there a dream and cane back to Delhi with the new task. training of pupils to enlighten the Muslims of sub- contient

10. CONDITION OF INDIA He was born 4 year before the death of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb ,after him the mughal empire was handed over to unable successors due to which the Muslim community of India experienced sever problems unislamic practices were growing quickly . That spiritual conclusion created political chaos and that later resulted in the disintegration of the Muslim rule in I ndia . As well as impacts upon the social ,economic spheres in the reign

11. CAUSES OF MUSLIM DECLINE The officers and nobles of Humayun were doing interference . The foreign influences on puppet govt . No understanding of Islam according to its proper meaning and spirit . Division in class statues like feudal lords ,poor people and nobles sank . Overlooking of the principles or real Khalafit and kingship

12. Sectarian conflicts . Money obtained from the exchequer by those could not perform and corresponding duty . Exploitation of merchants ,farmers and workers by heavy taxation .

13. REFORMS Social . Religious . Political . Economic

14. SOCIAL REFORMS SOCIAL MORALS REGENARATION . It was not enough to remove doctrinal differences among the India Muslims at that time they were experienced moral crises and adopting unislamic practices . In response to Shah wali ullah presented Islamic teachings in a rational way and inspired people to spend their lives in accordance to teaching of islam a

15. When he was went to Hejaz for his higher education and people perform hajj ,there he saw a vision in which Holy Prophet (PBUH )blessed him with the tidings that he would be instrumental in the organization of the section of Muslim society. He decided to revive the past glory of Muslim in sub-continent

16. POLITICAL REFORMS He wrote letter to Ahmad shah Abdhli ,Amirs and chiefs for the invasion on india ,at present there is no one more powerful and dignified king than you . It is your duty to make for india, so as to break the power of Marathas and rescue the helpless muslims held in bondage by the unbelievers . He requested ahmad shah Abdhli who came to defend India and defeated Marathas at the third battle of panipat the victory blasted the power of Maharatas and opened new ways for the revaval of Islam in sub-continent

17. RELIGIOUS REFORMS The translation of holy Quran into Persian with brief commentary notes. He has guidance from Quran for all reforms . Before migration he established government in Mecca ,he says the power of Islam was increasing day by day in Arabia ,and the enemies territory continued diminishing gradually ,as many Arab tribes that time . This show the Islamic government in Mecca . The Muslim government at that time neglected religion also

18. a) Translation of the Holy Quran Shah Wali Ullah was the first in the subcontinent who translated the Holy Quran into Persian language for better understanding of the holy book.  b) Explanation of Muatta • The life and traditions of prophets were the second source of Islamic teachings.  • He established schools for the study of Hadith.  • He selected “Imam Maliki's Muatta” as the most authentic collection of the Hadith.  c) Synthesis of different schools of thought

19. He wrote “Al- Insaf - fi - Bayan Sahab al Ikhtalaf,” in order to create a balance between the four schools of thought.  His object was to alleviate the deteriorating condition of the Muslim society and to defend it from external threats. d) Emphasis on Ijtehad Shah Wali Ullah was the first person to emphasize the importance of Ijtehad for the solution of intricate problems in every day life.  e) Efforts for the Revival of Islam He was against the limited universality of the applications of the injunctions of the Quran. He tried to resolve the controversies among various schools of thoughts and gave a new life to the spirit of Islam. 

20. Promotion of Madarras Rahimiy He rendered great services to Islam by the promotion of Madarrasah Rahimiya. he immediately set himself the separate task of spiritual consolidation of Muslim society. He prepare the few students and gave them knowledge and different branches 0f Islamic learning. And persuaded the Muslim to striticly fallow in the foot steps of the HOLY PAROPHET (PBUH). Lead a simple life and avoided involvement in luxuries of world .

21. Jihad and pan-Islamism . It is the duty of Muslims states to the revive the spirit of Jihad and always ready for sacrifice . The idea of pan-Islamism conceived by shah wali ullah appeare to difficult to materials these days, as nationalism is dominating religion ,but to aspire and work for the establishment of Islam as the greatest international force the power is indeed one of the principle

22. CRUSEDE AGAINST SECTARIANISM SIHA AND SUNNIS The entire Muslim community was disintedagrat and noilis had been grouped into two parties in turani and srani which were affecting the innocent people . Shah wali Ullah opines that an unhealthy condition wich had impacts in Muslim believes ,thoughts ,practices , morality, cultural and social ,political ,administrative the in two things .

23. The transfer of political authority from the caliph to absolute ,monarch and second the irrational following of Islam in the absence of Ijitihad . in such critical situation Shah waliullah tried to wips out different based on religiopus conviction .he wrote izalat-ul-khifa and Rhilafat-e- khulafat to remove misunderstanding between shiha and sunnis

24. TASAWWUF He urged reforms and discipline of Tasawwuf but did not oppose it. Infect he was deeply interested in the subject and wrote a numbers of books outlining the practices of various sufi orders and analyzing sufi mysteries . A typical composition is a short pamphlet and titled ,Wahdat-ul-wujud and wahdat-ul-shuhud,in which he tried to reconcile with the views of Inb-ur-Arabi THE Mujaddid theory of Wahadat-ul-shuhud .

25. he tried to unite all of them into a single community. He did so by firstly making and finding bridges between the different beliefs of Muslims and then secondly by uniting them into a single army to defend the subcontinent. defeat the Marathas in the battle of Panipat in 1761. A. This sign of unity inspired many future reformers to revive Islam. . If Shah Wali Ullah hadn’t united the Muslims, Pakistan probably wouldn’t have been made, and as such Muslims would be more spread out and different from each other then ever before

26. He remove the distaste which the ullamah had felt of Sufism and the Sufis . His point of view that in the great religious seminary of Deoband ,where the principle laid down by Shah waliullah have been fallowed ,there is the considerable and emphasis on the spiritual discipline of the advanced students

27. IMPORTANCE OF HIS WORK IN THE RIVAVAL OF ISLAM Shah Wali Ullah was one of the most influential people in the subcontinent during the time at which Hindu-Muslim conflicts were at it’s peak.. The work of   Shah Wali Ullah  (1703  –  1762) was very important in the revival of Islam in the subcontinent during the eighteenth century. The most important work of Shah Wali Ullah was the teaching and preaching of the basic, pure and  true meanings of Islam  in ‘Madarsa’  who continued his work through several generations. He sent several missionaries to different countries, and even in parts of the subcontinent since, you know, it was so freaking huge.

28. He wrote  fifty freaking one  books in order to explain the proper teachings of Islam. The books presented the correct concept and beliefs of Islam in a very simple form . he wrote other stuff too. Like translating the  entire Holy Quran  into Persian. Later, his sons translated the Holy Quran into Urdu. T Through his teaching he also brought different sects of Muslims, especially the Shias and Sunnis, close and emphasized the need of unity among the Muslims.

29. Contribution to the study of HADIS His main work in the field was the training of Ullamah ,who could carry on the teaching of HAIDS . He established school for study of HADIS . He wrote a number of books on subjects some of them were short pamphlets meant for the enlighment of the Beginners like Chihi Hadis ,(frothy traditions) and Nawadirmi-al- Dadis ( the unique amongst tradition). his more serious work related to study of the earlist collection of tradition entitled Muwatta .

30. He wrote a couple of Pamphlets on more generals aspects of Islamic jurisprudence and here also his contributions and approach are characterist of the man ,one of this entitled ,Insaf- fi - payan - i - sabab -al- ikhtalaf ,. He wrote a pamphlet on the principle of Ijtihad and Taqlid . He wrote in iqd-ul-jid that the HOLY PROPHET (PBUH) ‘s practices was that he perfered those interpretations which were the convenient to his followers

31. HUS CONTRIBUTIONS His approach marked humanism ,so rare amongst the theologians of Islam ,but he also took a practical and rationalistic views abut of religion . He held that religious injunction were to be observed , not because they were ordered by a higher authority, but because they were calculated to confer individual a social benefits . in Hujjat-ullah-il-Balighah, Injunction of Islamic law ,commandment of Islamic law , he strongly condemn custom of Hindu is that when husband due the widow is not allow to re- merry.He condemn the wasteful expenditure at the time of betrothal, marriage ,funeral the ceremonies of the fortieh day and six monthly.

32. HIS BOOKS Hajjatullah-il-Baligha. Shah wali ullah Mahdi propagation. Shaykh shah walliullah Dehli . Fuyooz ul Harmai. Hazrat shah waliullah . political and economical principle of S.W.U. All qual jameel Urdu by S.W.U. Tazkira S.W.U. S.w.u. Mahdi propagation…Al fawzul kabeer b

33. SOCIALISM He considered as forerunner socialist leader Karl Marx as he propagated equal distribution of money on socialistic bases . In Hujallat –ullah-il-Baaligah he critices as it explored the poor people and therefore is the main causes of the downfall of the sassanid and Roman empire . He was the opinion that capitalism has caused different revolutions the past which suffered the world and created unrest in the society . He favored intellectual revolution and wanted to bring peaceful changing to the society.

34. DESCENDANTS OF S.W.U He married twice . From his first wife he have one son ,Sheikh Muhammad ,and daughter ,Ammatul Azieez. The second wife, she had four son when S.W.U died, his son Shah Abdul azeez has taken responsibilities and cared for his sister and brothers . every descendants of S.W.U. contributed to the Islamic Academia after him .

35. LEGACY When he return Delhi from Hejaz 1732,he wrote many books and produced various pervious works until his death in 1763.his most important work is hujjat allah al baligha. In this book he presented the Islamic teaching in the light of scientific objectivities . He also work on the theology ,meta physics,poltics,economy,social and religious.

36. Aspect of life. His interest and understanding of Islamic learning made him to contribute a lot and only within a short period of 30 years he produce more than 50 works of extremely good quality into famous language like Arabic and Persian.

37. CONCLUSION He was great Islamic reformers of the 18th century had their vision directed inward, and were focused more on internal reform than external threat. The task of placing Islam in the context of a world domineering Western . civilization was left to scholars of a later age. Shah Waliullah offered no fresh guidance as to how to live . His dynamic personality presented him as a good writer ,brave soldiers and warrior ,Mujahid,mujtahid ,reformers ,scholar economist ,socialist and a great leader of Indian Muslim.

38. Through his writing ,he presented comprehensive effects and contributed by training Muslims to found the school of thoughts and later completed his mission .He lighted the candle of Islamic revivalism which was kept aloft by his son and worthy successor. His outstanding characteristics made Allams Muhammad Iqbal remrkes that “he was the first Muslim to feel the urge for rethinking the whole system of Islam without any war breaking away from its past