Shaper, Planer and Slotter

Shaper,Planer and Slotter

1. SHAPER , SLOTTER AND PLANER By Avinash N. Fulbaria

2. Content Introduction to Shaper Machine -Parts of Shaper Machine -Classification Of Shaper -Working Principle -Advantages and Disadvantages Introduction to Slotter -Parts of Slotter Machine -Classification Of Slotter Machine Introduction to Planer Machine -Types Of Planer -Parts Of Planer Reference

3. Shaper machine The shaper is a reciprocating type of machines Tool used for producing small flat surface with the help of a single point tool reciprocating over the stationary workpiece. The flat surface may be vertical & horizontal .

4. Shaper Machine

5. Parts of shaper machine Base - it is a heavy structure of cast iron which supports other part of machine Column – it is box like structure made of cast iron & mounted upon the base Ram – it is reciprocating member which reciprocates on the guidway provided above the column. It carries a tool slide on its head and a mechanism for adjusting the stroke length Tool head – it is attached to the front portion of the ram . It is used to hold the tool rigidly also provide the vertical& angular movements to the tool for cutting Cross rail – it is attached to the front vertical portions of the column Table - it is used for holding the workpiece

6. Classifications of shapers 1. Acc. to the ram driving mechanism Crank shaper Geared shaper Hydraulic shaper 2. Acc to the position travel of ram Horizontal shaper Vertical shaper 3. Acc to the direction of cutting stroke Push cut shaper Draw cut shaper 4.Acc to the design of the table Standard shaper Universal shaper

7. Working Principle The tool is held i n the tool post of the reciprocating ram & perform the cutting operation during its forward stroke. It may be noted that during the backward stroke of the ram , the tool does not remove material from the workpiece. For shaping in horizontal direction ,the depth of cut is adjusted by moving the tool downward towards the workpiece. In vertical ,the tool is feed vertically towards the workpiece , the depth of cutting is adjusted by the workpiece sideways

8. Advantages It provides economical & simple tooling It is easy to set up & can be used on any flat or angular surface.

9. Disadvantages Shaper is limited in holding close tolerance because of the long unsupported overhang of the ram at the end of the each stroke Due to its single point tooling the shaper is not suited for production work It having only one tool for cutting the workpiece

10. Slotter machine The vertical shaper ,sometimes called a slotter, has a vertical ram. If a rotary table is mounted on the regular table, a number of slots can be made at quit accurately spaced intervals. This machine can work either outside or inside a part, provided that the interior opening is larger then the tool head.

11. Slotter Machine

12. Slotter Machine

13. Parts of Slotter Machine Base - it is rigidly built is cast integral with the column Saddle – it is mounted on the guide ways& may be moved towards or away from the column. Cross slide – it is mounted on the guide ways of the saddle & may be moved parallel to the phase of the column. Rotary table – it is a circular table mounted on the top of the cross slide this is provided with an index plate . Index plate is provided accurate division of parts. Ram – it reciprocate in a vertical direction ram caries cutting tool at its lower end

14. Classifications Puncher slotter Production slotter Tool room slotter

15. Planer machine This machine is used to produce plane & flat surface by single point cutting tool . It is similar to shaper but its size is very large and is adopted for producing flat surface of much larger work than a shaper. The basic difference between planer & shaper is , in planer , the tool remains stationary & the work reciprocate whereas in shaper, the tool reciprocate & work is stationary

16. Planer Machine

17. Planer Machine

18. Types of Planers Double-housing planer – it consist of a long heavy base on which the table reciprocate. It is having 2 housing one on each side of the table, the housing are connecting at the top. Open-sided planer – it is having housing only on one side . It permits machining wider workpiece. Pit planer - it is massive type planer capable of holding very big workpiece . In this the bed is stationary & the tool is moved over the job. Edge or plate planer – it is specially designed planer used for the edge of heavy steel plate, pressure vessels& ship building works.

19. Parts of Planers Bed Table Housing Cross rail Tool head

20. Reference S.K. Hajra Choudhary , A.K. Hajra Choudhary , Nirjhar Roy , Elements of Workshop Technology , Vol 2 (12th Edition), Media Promoters & Publishers PVT. LTD

21. END