Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.pptx

Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different areas.
Shaping Current Circumstances In different are

1. Historical Perspectives on Pollution Understanding causes and effects of pollution, discussing different historical perspectives and highlighting the relevance of the topic Done by, Tresor Manzi

2. Introduction 01 Pollution Pollution is a significant environmental challenge that affects the health and well-being of living organisms and the environment (United Nations Environment Programme, 2017). 02 Scope Historical and current perspectives 03 Motivation and Purpose Interest in understanding pollution with the purpose to explore efforts to address pollution Pollution 04 Relevance Significant environmental challenge Affects living organisms and environment Pollution and Its Impact on the Environment

3. Historical Perspectives of Pollution 01 Historically, pollution has been seen as an inevitable consequence of industrialization and economic growth. 02 In the mid-20th century, pollution began to be recognized as a major environmental and public health issue. 03 Efforts to address pollution have evolved over time, from early regulatory approaches to more recent efforts to promote sustainability and reduce emissions.

4. Historical Perspectives of Pollution (Cont’d) 02 The Industrial Revolution in the 1800s led to the first major pollution problems due to the burning of coal and other fossil fuels 03 In the early 1900s, the widespread use of leaded gasoline caused lead pollution in the air and soil 01 Pesticides and fertilizers became widespread in the mid-1900s, leading to water pollution and damage to ecosystems 04 Pollution began to be recognized as a global problem in the late 1900s and early 2000s 05 The Paris Agreement is an example of significant efforts to address the problem of pollution and reduce greenhouse gas emissions

5. President Lyndon B. Johnson's statement on Pollution Statement made by President Lyndon B. Johnson in response to a report from the Environmental Pollution Panel of the President's Science Advisory Committee on the pollution of air, soil, and water in 1965 ( Tex , 2001). Emphasized the need for urgent action on pollution, describing it as one of the most pervasive problems of our society. The report included over 100 recommendations, including relying on economic incentives to discourage pollution. The report noted the contribution of automobiles to the increase of carbon dioxide in the earth's atmosphere. The report highlighted the importance of shallow waters of coasts and estuaries in the life cycles of fish and shellfish. The report concluded that more well-trained experts were needed to address the growing problem of pollution. 01 02 03 04 05

6. Ocean Governance and Plastic Pollution The challenges of contemporary ocean governance in addressing the problem of plastic pollution in the world's seas and oceans. Marine plastic pollution is a complex and multifaceted problem. Solutions to the problem of marine plastic pollution will need to involve state and non-state actors. Micro-sized and nano-sized plastic particles have insidious and deleterious impacts on the marine environment and human health. International agreements are needed to address marine plastics. 01 02 03 04

7. Overview of the Paris Agreement, a legally binding international treaty on climate change. The Paris Agreement Works on contributing to climate actions by country Aims to limit global warming to exceed 2°C Strives to make attempts to restrain the rise in temperature Offering developing countries with financial and technical aid toward climate resilience 03 01 02 04 Tracking and reporting greenhouse gas emissions activities 05

8. Industrialists viewed pollution as a necessary consequence of economic growth and development. Industrialists Environmentalists Raised awareness about the negative impacts of pollution on ecosystems and human health Politicians Politicians have played a key role in shaping public policy on pollution. Perception of pollution have become increasingly negative over time as more people have become aware of the negative impacts of pollution on the environment and human health. Perception of Various Groups General Public In recent years, more people have become aware of the negative impacts of pollution and are calling for action to address this issue.

9. Controlling pollution through setting limits on emissions and discharges, and imposing penalties on violators. Regulatory Approaches Sustainable Solutions Investing in renewable energy sources, improving waste management, and promoting eco-friendly practices. Individual Actions Reducing single-use plastics, conserving energy, and using public transportation. Efforts to address pollution have evolved over time, from early regulatory approaches to more recent efforts to promote sustainability and reduce emissions. Evolution of Efforts to Address Pollution Ongoing Research and Innovation Development of new renewable energy sources, better waste management techniques, and more sustainable agricultural practices.

10. Pollution is a major environmental issue with significant impacts on human health and ecosystems. Historical perspectives on pollution have evolved over time Efforts to address pollution have become increasingly urgent and global in scope. International agreements and individual actions are all important steps towards reducing pollution It is important to continue to prioritize and address pollution through collective action Conclusion

11. Relationship Between History and the Present By examining the historical context of pollution, we can improve the current debate and identify potential solutions for the future.

12. Introduction 01 Scope Exploring the relationship between history and the present to gain a better understanding of pollution 03 Purpose By examining the historical context of pollution, we can improve the current debate and identify potential solutions for the future. Pollution 02 Relevance Pollution and its current circumstances Importance of historical inquiry in our understanding of complex issues Pollution “ History and Present ”

13. Relationship Between History and Current Circumstances 01 History of pollution intertwined with current circumstances 02 Widespread use of fossil fuels during Industrial Revolution led to significant air pollution 03 Early use of leaded gasoline caused lead pollution still impacting soil and water in many areas

14. Similarities and Differences in Contemporary Views Similarities Differences Recognition of Health and Environmental Risks: Both past and contemporary views acknowledge the significant health and environmental risks associated with pollution. Awareness of the Need for Action: In both past and contemporary views, there is a shared awareness of the need for action to combat pollution. Global Perspective: Contemporary views highlight the interconnectedness of pollution across regions and ecosystems, recognizing it as a global issue. In the past, pollution was primarily seen as a local problem with limited consideration for its global impact. Climate Change and Long-Term Effects: Contemporary discussions place a greater emphasis on the long-term effects of pollution, particularly in relation to climate change. In the past, there was limited awareness of the long-term consequences of pollution, with a primary focus on immediate impacts on human health and local ecosystems.

15. Changes in Discussions Over Time Recent focus on impact on planet as a whole and need to address climate change Early discussions focused on impact on human health and local ecosystems Discussions have shifted from local environmental problems to global issue

16. Evolution of Historical Perspective In the 1800s In the 1900s Industrial Revolution, the Burning of Coal and fossil fuels In the 2000s Seen as inevitable consequences of industrial and economic growth Widespread use of leaded gasoline causing lead pollution in the air and soil Recognized as a major environmental and public health issue Pollution has continued to be a major global problem, with air pollution, water pollution, and plastic pollution being among the most significant issues. Growing recognition of the need to address pollution as a global problem in recent years

17. Causes of Changes in Public Opinion and Historical Perspective 1 Changes caused by scientific research, technological advances, and public awareness campaigns 2 3 The discovery of the ozone hole in the 1980s led to increased public concern about the impact of pollution on the environment Advances in renewable energy technology led to greater focus on reducing emissions

18. Lessons and Insights from Historical Perspective 1 Success of phase-out of leaded gasoline can provide insights into effectiveness of economic incentives in reducing pollution 2 Studying the historical perspective on pollution can provide important lessons and insights for addressing problems today 3 History of pollution regulation can inform debates on role of government in addressing pollution

19. Pollution Applying Lessons and Insights to Current Circumstances Direct Application Effective Regulatory Measures Economic Incentives International Models Evolving Perspective Comprehensive Solutions

20. References Austin, D., & Macauley, M. K. (2001, December 01). Cutting Through Environmental Issues: Technology as a double-edged sword. Retrieved from Brookings: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/cutting-through-environmental-issues-technology-as-a-double-edged-sword/ Beach, B., & Hanlon, W. (2019, April 17). Lessons from our polluted past. Retrieved from VoxDev : https://voxdev.org/topic/energy-environment/lessons-our-polluted-past Environmental Protection Agency. (2023, January 27). Ecosystems and Air Quality. Retrieved from United States Environmental Protection Agency: https://www.epa.gov/eco-research/ecosystems-and-air-quality#:~:text=For%20example%3A%20pollutants%20such%20as,affects%20scenic%20vistas%20in%20protected Ghorani -Azam, A., Riahi-Zanjani , B., & Balali -Mood, M. (2016, September 01). Effects of air pollution on human health and practical measures for prevention in Iran. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 21(65). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5122104/ Haward, M. (2018, February 14). Plastic pollution of the world’s seas and oceans as a contemporary challenge in ocean governance. Retrieved from National Library of Medicine: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5812987/ History.com Editors. (2009, November 06). Water and Air Pollution. Retrieved from History.com: https://www.history.com/topics/natural-disasters-and-environment/water-and-air-pollution Irvine. (2017, April 18). Chlorofluorocarbons and Ozone Depletion. Retrieved from ACS Chemistry for Life: https://www.acs.org/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/cfcs-ozone.html Manisalidis, I., Stavropoulou, E., Stavropoulos, A., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2020, February 20). Frontiers in Public Health. Environmental and Helath Impacts of Air Pollution: A Review, 8(14). Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7044178/

21. References Nash, N., Capstick, S., Whitmarsh, L., Chaudhary, I., & Manandhar, R. (2019, August 20). Perceptions of Local Environmental Issues and the Relevance of Climate Change in Nepal's Terai: Perspectives From Two Communities. Frontiers in Sociology, 4. Retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsoc.2019.00060/full Quayle, P. (2021, August 30). Inside the 20-year campaign to rid the world of leaded fuel. Retrieved from United Nations Environment Programme: https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/inside-20-year-campaign-rid-world-leaded-fuel Ruan , H., Qiu , L., Chen, J., Liu, S., & Ma, Z. (2022, Augusts 11). Government Trust, Environmental Pollution Perception, and Environmental Governance Satisfaction. Retrieved from National Library of Medicine: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9408456/ Tex , A. (2001). 602 Statement by the President in Response to Science Advisory Committee Report on Pollution of Air, Soil, and Waters. November 6, 1965. Federal Register Division, National Archives and Records Service, Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, Lyndon B. Johnson, 1965. Western Standard Publishing Company. Retrieved from https://eds-s-ebscohost-com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=4&sid=7a23c22b-0086-4912-bacf-7dd970958f6e%40redis&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#db=edo&AN=32356531 United Nations Climate Change. (2015, December 12). The Paris Agreement. Retrieved from United Nations Climate Change: https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement United Nations Environment Programme. (2017). Towards a Pollution-Free Planet. Background Information Report, Nairobi. Retrieved from https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/21800/UNEA_towardspollution_long%20version_Web.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y United States EPA. (2022, July 05). History of Air Pollution. Retrieved from EPA: https://www.epa.gov/air-research/history-air-pollution Wills, M. (2015, November 11). Lead: Our Four-Thousand-Year-Old Pollutant. Retrieved from Jstor: https://daily.jstor.org/lead-pollution/