shivam ppt 2.pptx powerpoint presentation

powerpoint presentation on component of www and internet

1. COMPONENTS OF THE INTERNET AND THE WORLD WIDE WEB Report By: Shivam Kumar 12 th ‘B’

2. DEFINITIONS: Internet also called the ‘Net’ is a world-wide collection of interconnected computer networks that links millions of business, government agencies, educational institutions and individuals. World Wide Web (www) or simply the ‘Web’ is a system of interlinked, hypertext documents accessible using the internet.

3. Definitions History and Evolution of Internet Major Components of the Internet Connecting the Internet What can I do on Internet

4. History and Evolution of Internet 1958 – Pentagon’s Advance Research Project Agency (ARPA) was established by the U.S. Department of Defence to make the U.S. leads in scientific and technological military operations. 1965 – ARPA sponsored a study on a “cooperative network of time-sharing computers”. Their goal was to build a network that: (1) allow scientists at different physical locations to share information and work together on military and scientific projects. (2) that would secure and provide survival to the information and research from man-made disaster such as nuclear attack or natural disaster.

5. 1969 – ARPANET was fully functional, linking scientific and academic researches across United States. 1986 – the National Science Foundation connected its huge network of five supercomputer center to ARPANET and the NSFnet was born. 1991 – world wide web introduce to the public by CERN. 1994 – Yahoo! 1995 – NSFnet terminated its network on the Internet and resumed its status to research network.

6. 1997 – Netflix 1998 – Google search engine was launched 2004 – Facebook - Mozilla Firefox Browser 2005 – Youtube.com launches 2006 – Twitter launches 2010 – Social media sites; Pinterest and Instagram launches.

7. Major Components of the Internet: SERVERS ISP (Internet Service Provider) BROWSER DNS (Domain Name Server) IP ADDRESS ( Internet Protocol)

8. SERVERS A SERVER IS A COMPUTER PROGRAM THAT PROVIDES A SERVICE TO ANOTHER COMPUTER PROGRAM AND ITS USER. TYPES OF SERVERS Application Server - a program in a computer that provides the business logic for an application program. Web Server – a computer program that serves requested HTML pages or files.

9. cont… Proxy Server – is a software that acts as an intermediary between an endpoint device, such as computer and another server from which a user is requesting. Mail Server – is an application that receives incoming e-mail from local users and remote senders and forward outgoing e-mail for delivery. File Server – is a computer responsible for central storage and management of data files so that other computer on the same network can access them. Policy Server – is a security component of a policy –based network that provides authorization services and facilitates tracking and control of files.

10. IP ADDRESS (Internet Protocol) IS A NUMERICAL LABEL ASSIGEND TO EACH DEVICE. THIS PROVIDES IDENTITY TO A NETWORKED DEVICE . EXAMPLE OF AN IP ADDRESS 72.14.207.99 ( an IP Address usually consist of four groups of numbers. The number in each group is between 0 and 255.) *the first portion of IP address –NETWORK **the second portion of IP address – SPECIFIC DEVICE

11. BROWSER IS AN APPLICATION PROGRAM THAT PROVIDES A WAY TO LOOK INFORMATION ON THE WEB. EXAMPLES OF BROWSER

12. DNS (Domain Name System) IS THE PHONEBOOK OF THE INTERNET. WE ACCESS INFORMATION ONLINE THROUGH DOMAIN NAMES. EXAMPLES OF DNS www.facebook.com www.teachingenglish.org.uk www.depedtambayan.ph www.academia.edu

13. TOP LEVEL DOMAINS Name Entity .com Commercial .org Organization .net Network . edu Educational . gov National and State Government Agencies . ph Philippines .au Australia . vc Vatican City . kr South Korea

14. ISP (Internet Service Provider) NATIONAL ISP – provided Internet access to a specific geographic areas. REGIONAL ISP – business that provides Internet access in cities and towns nationwide. IS AN ORGANIZATION THAT PROVIDES SERVICES DOR ACCESSING , USING OR PARTICIPATING IN THE INTERNET. TWO TYPES OF ISP’s

15. EXAMPLES OF ISP’s

16. Connecting to the Internet: Cable Internet Service – provides high-speed Internet access through the cable television network via cable modem. DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) – provides high-speed Internet connection using regular copper telephone wire. FTTP (Fiber to the Premises) – uses fiber-optic cable to provide high-speed Internet access to home and business. A Cellular Radio Network – offers high-speed Internet connection to devices with built-in compatible technology. Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) – network uses radio signals to provide high-speed Internet connections to compatible or properly equipped wireless computer or device. Satellite Internet Service – provides high-speed Internet connections via satellite dish that communicates with a satellite modem.

17. What can I do on the Internet? Look for Information School works, jobs and home purposes Send & Receives Electronic Mail Video teleconferencing (video call, video chat) Buy & Sell product Social Networking Watch & Posts Videos Games Take College Courses Monitor Home while away Financial Transactions Downloads music and movies

18. Definition of Terms The Birth of the Web Components of the World Wide Web WORLD WIDE WEB

19. Definition of Terms: Web sites – is a collection of web pages in a Server that is accessible via Internet using a Web address called a URL (uniform resource locator) URL – the address of a web page on the Internet. Web page – an electronic document on the web. Web Server – a computer that deliver requested Web pages to your computer. Web Browser – an application or software that allows user to access information on the Web.

20. The Birth of the World Wide Web 1980 – Tim Berners-Lee : “ENQUIRE“ - working with the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), developed a basic hypertext program called ENQUIRE. The program was designed to make information readily available to users, and to allow a user to explore relationships between different pages. 1990 – Robert Cailliau and Berners-Lee developed the skeletal outline of the internet, including a web browser and web server. 1993 – Release of the Mosaic web browser - which allowed users to explore multimedia online, also this year; introduction of the first modern search engines.

21. Components of a World Wide Web Structural Components: Clients/Browsers Servers Caches Internet Semantic Components: Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) Uniform Resource Identifiers (URLs)

22. Clients/Browsers Clients are those people who uses the Internet which also called the end user. Browser are the application used to access the internet and surf for information. Servers A web servers is a computer that deliver requested Web pages to your computer. Caches A caches are the hardware of software components that stores data for future requests. Internet An Internet is a global computer network providing access to variety of information.

23. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a communications protocol used to transfer or convey information on the World Wide Web. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications. URL (Unique Resource Identifier) Unique Resource Language is the address of a web page on the Internet.

24. THAT WOULD BE ALL! AND I THANK YOU!!