Shloka Presentation on the medicinal wonder Shankhapushpi.pptx

The shloka presentation is about Shankhapuspi, its guna and karma. The shloka is taken from Bhavaprakasha Nighantu.

1. SHLOKA PRESENTATION Presented by: Dr Soumya S 1 st year PG Scholar Guided by: Dr Reena K Professor Department of Kaumarabhritya SDMIAH, Bengaluru

2. शङ्खपुष्पी तु शङ्खाह्वा माङ्गल्यकुसुमापि च | शङ्खपुष्पी सरा मेध्या वृष्या मानसरोगहृत् | रसायनी कषायोष्णा स्मृतिकान्तिबलाग्निदा | दोषापस्मारभूता क्षी कुष्ठकृमिविषप्रणुत् ||२२८|| श्लोकः

3. Classical text: भावप्रकाश निघण्टु Khanda: पूर्वखण्ड Chapter: मिश्रप्रकरण Varga: गुडूच्यादिवर्ग Shloka number: 228 अधिकरण

4. शङ्खपुष्पी , शङ्खाह्वा , माङ्गल्यकुसुमा , अपि | शङ्खपुष्पी , सरा , मेध्या , वृष्या , मानसरोगहृत्  | रसायनी , कषाय , उष्ण , स्मृति , कान्ति , बल , अग्निप्रदा | दोष , अप स्मा र , भूताक्षी , कुष्ठ , क्रिमि , विषप्रणुत् | पद विभगः

5. अन्वयार्थ शङ्खाह्वा - A flower that resembles the shape of a conch. All the synonyms of shankha is used for this plant. 2. माङ्गल्यकुसुमा - Considered to be an auspicious plant, because of the white colour and shape of shankha both are considered to be good omen. सरा - Promotes movement of liquid in natural path, useful in constipation. मेध्या - Improves memory and intelligence. मानसरोगहृत् - Useful in mental disorders and depression रसायनी - Acts as a rasayana as in improves life expectancy and longevity कषायोष्णा - Kashaya rasa pradhana with Ushna virya as per Bhavamishra . स्मृतिकान्तिबलाग्निदा - Improves memory, improves skin complexion and quality of skin, improves strength and improves digestion power. 9. दोषापस्मारभूता क्षी कुष्ठकृमिविषप्रणुत् - Useful in Apasmara , Bhoota (Psychic disorders), skin diseases and in intestinal worm infestation.  

6. The flowers of the Shankhapushpi plant are white in colour and resembles the shape of a Conch shell. It is considered to be an auspicious plant and brings about good fortune. It has the property to promote movement of liquid in natural path and improves intellect, memory and hence useful to treat an array of mental disorders. As per Bhavamishra , it is Kashaya rasa pradhana and Ushna Virya and thus helps to increase strength and digestive power. It is also indicated in worm infestation and skin diseases. भावार्थ

7. पञ्चावयव वक्य प्रतिज्ञा (Proposition) शङ्खपुष्पी has properties like sara, medhya and useful in treating mental disorders. It is acts as a rasyana and helps in increasing smriti, kanti , bala and agni . शङ्खपुष्पी is useful in apasmara , bhoota , kushta , krimi and visha .

8. 2. हेतु (Reasoning) Rasa Panchaka of Shankhapushpi Rasa: Kashaya, Katu , Tikta Guna: Snigdha , Picchila , Guru, Sara Virya : Sita Vipaka : Katu Prabhava: Medhya Doshakarma : Tridoshahara The pharmacological action of Shankhapushpi is sara, medhya , vrushya , manasarogahara , rasayana , smritivardhaka , kaantiprada , balavardaka , agnidipaka , apasmarahara , bhutagna , kushtagna , krimighna , vishagna .

9. The chemical constituents of Shankhapushpi are xanthones, xanthon glycosides and magniferine . This medicinal herb has been reported to contain many bioactive phytoconstituents such as alkaloid ( convolamine ), flavonoid (kaempferol) and phenolics ( scopoletin , beta- sitosterol and ceryl alcohol) that have been reported to have many therapeutic properties like neuroprotective, antioxidant, analgesic, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and cardioprotective activities. Rasayana property Shankhapushpi contains volatile oils, fatty oils, flavonoids, i.e. kaempferol, hydroxy cinnamic acid, beta-sitosterol and carbohydrates such as glucose, rhamnose, sucrose etc which endow the plant with nootropic capabilities.

10. Medhya The aqueous extract of Shankhapushpi inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase within the cortex and hippocampus which results in neuroprotective action. Smriti Brahmi and Shankhapushpi are useful in increasing intelligence and memory. It is mentioned as smritiprada and hence useful in Alzheimer’s disease, dementia and in school going children to increase memory. Agni Due to its tikta guna , it acts as a carminative and due to its snigdha guna , it has anulomana action.

11. Apasmara The chloroform, ethanol and aqueous extracts of Shankhapushpi have been found to be effective in convulsions. The anti-convulsant activity of the medicine is escalated by certain functional groups like quinoline, quinazoline, thiazole, benzothiazines, oxasiazole , pyridine, pyrazole, imidazole, pyrimidine, phthalazine, triazine, triazoles, cyclopropane carboxylate and oxime ether. Bala Due to its satmikarana property, shankhapushpi is useful in increasing strength and also acts as a rejuvenator

12. Anti- oxidant property Polyphenols, flavonoids and vitamin E present in Shankhapushpi act as reactive oxygen species scavengers and also ameliorate the lipid peroxidation, thereby attributing towards anti- oxidant property. Bhoota Shankhapushpi is known to contain alkaloids ( convolamine and scopoletin ), flavonoids (kaempferol) and steroids (phytosterol and beta- sitosterol) which is effective in alleviating depression.

13. 3. उदाहरण (Example) Research articles have been published to know about the effects of Shankhapushpi . 1. A yurvedic medicinal importance of shankhpushpi (convolvulus pluricaulis ): potential cognition boosting herb. J anuary 2021 Result: Many types of research have been done on the Convolvulus pluricaulis plant and showed various therapeutic and pharmacological activities. It includes nootropic activity, antidepressant, antistress, anxiolytic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, cardiovascular activity and many others. 

14. 2. Role of  Shankhpushpi  ( Convolvulus pluricaulis ) in neurological disorders: An umbrella review covering evidence from ethnopharmacology to clinical studies. Result: Network pharmacology results indicate that compounds from  C. pluricaulis  interact with various proteins, neuro synapses, signaling pathways, and serotonergic synapse which plays a crucial role in  neurotransmission , Alzheimer’s disease, long-term depression, addictions to alcohol,  cognitive disorders , psychological conditions, and increasing serotonin concentration in synapses. 3. An updated review on Shankhpushpi - As Medhya Rasayana Result: These data have given the marvelous approach that Convolvulus pluricaulis may be used to treat the various neurogenic conditions, stress induced conditions, memory enhancer, antigastric , antioxidant, hypolipidemic. Further studies and compiled data are required to validate the use of Convolvulus pluricaulis as a therapeutic agent in the management of various diseased conditions.

15. 4. Neuropharmacological evaluation on four traditional herbs used as nervine tonic and commonly available as  Shankhpushpi  in India Result: This effect may be attributed due to the presence of steroids (stigmasterol and betulinic acid),  coumarins  ( scopoletin ) and  flavonoids  (β-carotene and chlorogenic acid). Hence it can be used as a promising lead in development and management of neuronal disorders including Alzheimer's disease. 5. Protective Mechanisms of Nootropic Herb Shankhpushpi ( Convolvulus pluricaulis ) against Dementia: Network Pharmacology and Computational Approach Result: The findings indicate that scopoletin , kaempferol, quercetin, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, and ayapanin are the main active constituents of CP which might account for its memory enhancement and neuroprotective effects and that target proteins such as PTGS1, PTGS2, NOS3, PPARG, ACHE, MAOA, MAOB, INSR, HMOX1, and TRKB could be druggable targets against dementia.

16. Drugs which have similar action to Shankhapushpi are Amalaki (Phyllanthus emblica ), Ashwagandha ( Withania somnifera ), Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri ), Gududchi ( Tinospora cordifolia) and Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra).

17. 4. उपनय (Application) Therapeutic use: In Unmada 10-40 ml fresh swarasa of Shankhapushpi is given. It causes laxative action and mada is decreased. In Apasmara and buddhimandhya , Brahmi swarasa , Vacha , Kushta and Shankhapushpi are cooked in Purana ghrita and given. In Baddhakoshta , gulma , anaha the root is given for loose motion. The leaves are used for Dhoomapana in jirnakasa and swasa .

18. In Raktasrava and Raktavamana , swarasa is useful. It is also useful in Puyameha , mutrakrucchra , sukradourbalya and garbhashaya dourbalya . Shankhapushpi is rasayana specifically promoting intellect. Formulations containing Shankhapushpi are: Manasamitra vataka 6. Brahmi ghrta Brahmi vati 7. Agasthyaharitaki rasayana Shankhapushpa Panaka Brahma Rasayana Gorochanadi vati

19. 5. निगमन (Conclusion) Thus, Shankhapushpi is beneficial as a rasayana as it contains volatile oils, fatty oils and flavonoids which endow the plant with nootropic action. Due to its Tiktha guna , it acts as carminative and along with Brahmi, Shankhapushpi is useful in increasing the memory and intelligence. As the drug has properties of neuroprotection, antioxidant, immunomodulation and cardio protection, it increases the smriti, kanti , bala and agni of a person. Due to is pharmacological action, it is useful to treat various disorders like apasmara , bhoota , kushta , krimi and visha . Also used to treat Alzheimer’s disease, dementia and improve memory in school going children.

20. References about Shankhapushpi in other classical texts.

21. व्याकरण   माङ्गल्यकुसुम+अपि = सवर्णदीर्घ सन्धिः कषाय+उष्ण = गुण सन्धिः दोष+अपस्मार = सवर्णदीर्घ सन्धिः बल+अग्नि = सवर्णदीर्घ सन्धिः स्मृतिश्च कान्तिश्च बलाग्निश्च= द्वन्द्व समासः

22. धन्यवादः