short-message-servicesms (SMS) power point presentation slides .ppt

short message service

1. SHORT MESSAGE SERVICE(SMS)

2. MOBILE COMPUTING OVER SMS
•GSMsupportsdataaccessoverCSD(CircuitSwitchedData).
•GSM–digitizednotpacketized.
•CSD–circuitisestablished&userischargedbasedontime–thecircuitis
active&notontheno.Ofpkts.Transacted.
•GPRS–alsoknownas2.5G,-nextphasewithintheevolutionofGSM,
supportsdataoverpackets.
•WAP–dataservicesupportedbyGPRS&GSMtoaccessInternet&
remotedataservices.
•GSMalsoincludeGroup3facsimile–appropriatefaxadapter.
•UniquedataserviceofGSM–SMS–enablessendingandreceivingtext
messagesto&from,GSMmobilephones.

3. SMS
•OnDecember3,1992,ascientistnamedNeilPapworthat
Sema,aBritishtechnologycompany,sentthefirsttext
message“MerryChristmas”totheGSMOperatorVodafone.
•TodaySMS–mostpopulardatabearer/servicewithinGSM
withanaverageof1billionSMSmessages(endof2002)
transactedeverydayaroundtheworld.
•Eachshortmessageisupto160charactersinlength,when7-
bitEng.Charactersareused.

4. STRENGTHS OF SMS
•UNIQUECHARACTERISTICS OFSMS:
•1)OmnibusnatureofSMS:usesSS7signalingchannel,-available
throughouttheworld.
•Onlybearer–allowsasubscribertosendalongdistanceSMSwithout–
longdistancesubscription.
•Eg.,can’tmakeavoicecalltoamobilephoneinUK–unlesshave
internationalcallingfacility.
•ButsendaSMStoasubscriberin–nothavinginternationalcallfacility.
•2)Stateless:sessionless&stateless-everySMS–unidirectional&
independentofanycontext.
•Bestbearerfornotifications,alerts&paging.
•UsedforPush&unsolicitedresponse.
•3)Asynchronous:InHTTP–thereisarequest&responsepair–is
synchronous.
•ButSMS–asynchronous–ie.,evenifrecipientisoutofservice–
transmissionnotbeabondoned-usedasmessagequeues.

5. •4)Self-configurable&lastmileproblemresistant:Self-configurable.
•InWAPorWeb–notrivialtasktoconnecttoaservicefromaforeignn/w
withoutanychangeintheconfigurationorpreferencesetting.
•SMS–noconstraints.CanaccessSMSbearerwithoutanychangeinthe
phonesettings.(evenSMSCorSCarenotavailable).
•5)Non-repudiable:SMSmessagecarriesSC&thesourceMSISDNas
partofthemessageheader.
•Anappln.ConnectedtoSMS–handcraftanMSISDNaddresslike“999”
or“MYBANK”.
•Butanappln.NothandcrafttheSCaddress.
•6)Alwaysconnected:thisbearermediaisalwayson.
•Usercan’tSWITCHOFF,BARorDIVERTanySMSmess.
•Eg.,whenaphoneisbusy,avoice,dataorFAXcallisinprogress.
•SMSdeliveredtoMSwithoutanyinterruptiontothecall.

6. SMS ARCHITECTURE
•1)SMSARCHITECTURE –fig.6.1
•2)SMMT(SHORT MESSAGEMOBILETERMINATED)–fig.6.2
•3)SMMO(SHORT MESSAGEMOBILEORIGINATED)–fig.6.3
•4)SMSASANINFORMATION BEARER
•Verypopularbearer–person-to-person,point-to-point,mobile-to-mobile
messagingdomain.
•Gainingpopularityinenterpriseapplns.,servicesprovidedbyindependent
serviceproviders(ASP)&notificationservices
•Fig.6.4.
•TouseSMS–asabearer-connecttheservicesrunningontheEnterprise
OriginServertotheSCthru’SME(ShortMessageEntity)orESME
(ExternalShortMessageEntity).
•SME–generallyanSMSg/w.

7. Operator-centric Pull
•ForSMMO–SCismandatory.
•Operatorsofferdiff.Inf.Ondemand&entertainmentservices.
•DoneviaconnectinganOriginServertoSCviaanSMSg/w.
•Theseserviceproviderknown–MVNO(MobileVirtualN/wOperators).
•VirtualOperatorsdevelopdiff.Sys,services&applns.,
•ManyenterprisesusesMVNOs–toservetomobilephoneusers.
•Ie.,fewbanksinIndiatoofferbalanceenquiry.
•Eg.,HDFC–customerneedstousetheseservices,thusregisterforthe
service.
•Duringregistration,theHDFCcustomerneedstomentiontheMSISDNof
thephone.
•Onceuserregistered–heenters“HDFCBAL”&sendsamess.Toaservice
no.Like333asanMOmess.
•SC–deliversMOtoSMEconnectedtothisservice.
•Responseisfromtheenterpriseappln.–deliveredtoMSasanMTmess.
FromSME.

8. •Std. Protocols used for this communication.
•1) SMPP –Short Message Peer to Peer.
•2) CIMD
•3) between SME & Origin Server –SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)
•HTTP –helps user to get inf. From internet via SMS.
•SMS queries are keywords driven like “CRI” for live cricket score , etc.,

9. Operator-independent Push
•Similar to MO, an MT mess. –delivered from a n/w in India to an MS of
UK roaming in Germany.
•Fig. 6.5
•Ie., Push –any alert , notification or even response from a pull mess.
Generated by an appln., -serviced by any n/w. & delivered to any GSM
phone.
•Eg., some credit cardcompanies in India send SMS notifications to its
cardholders in diff. n/ws using operator-independent push.

10. VALUE ADDED SERVICES THRU’ SMS
•VASdefinedasservices–shareoneormoreofthefoll.Characteristics:
•1)Supplementaryservicebutaddsvaluetototalserviceoffering.
•2)Stimulatesincrementaldemandforcoreservicesoffering.
•3)Standsaloneintermsofprofitabilityandrevenuegenerationpotential.
•4)Cansometimesstand-aloneoperationally.
•5)Doesnotcannibalizebasicseriveunlessclearlyfavorable.
•6)Canbeanadd-ontobasicservice,&assuch,maybesoldatapremium
price.
•7)Mayprovideoperationaland/oradministrativesynergyb/woramong
otherservices.
•GSM’sgoal–toofferthen/winfrastructure.
•Voice,SMS–basicservicesprovidedbyaGSMoperator.
•Offeringdiff.OtherservicesusingSMSasabearer–isVAS.
•MostpopularVASoverSMS–entertainment&inf.Ondemand.

11. •Inf.Ondemand–has3categories
•1)StaticInformation:notchangefrequently.Eg.,restaurantguide.
•Contentsfallinmassmarketcategory.
•2)DynamicInf.:changesindays.Eg.,dailyhoroscopechangesondaily
basis.Massmarketcontentfallinthiscategory.
•3)Real-timeInf.:changescontinually.Third-partycontentsfallinthis
category.Eg.,scoresinalivecricketmatch.
•Allenterprisecontentsfallinthiscategory.
•UserInterfaceinSMSValueAddedServices:
•SMS–sessionless&shorttransactionmodel.
•ForaSMSbasedservice,userinterfacealways–keyword-based.
•eg.1,toknowthelatestnews.EnterNews&sendittoVASservice.
•Ifbusinessnews,enterNewsbiz.
•News–keyword
•Eg.2,RSA2627BangaloreNewDelhi2001.–tofindtheseatavailability
ontheIndianRailwaystrainNo.2627fromBangaloretoNewDelhion
Jan’20
th
.
•Responseforthis–giveninbook.

12. •Ifresponse>160char.–splittheresponseintomultiplemessresponses.
•Advisedtoaseq.No.Like.....1/3,......2/3,and..........3/3–for1
st
,2
nd
,3
rd
mess.
•VASEXAMPLES:
•1)NEWS/STOCKQUOTESSERVICE:getthelatestnewsorstockinf.
•Keywordfornews–News,forstockinf.(BombayStockInf.)–BSE
•ForNews&Stock-musthaverelationshipwithsomecontentprovider
whowillsupplytheup-to-dateinf.
•Eg.TieupwithCNN–forinternationalnews,TheIndianExpress–
generalnews,weather.com–weathernews.
•Forstockquote–tieupwithBombayStockExchangeorNationalStock
Exchange.
•2)SESSION-BASEDCHATAPPLN.
•Chatservice–session-orientedtransaction.
•Needstoexplicitylogoutorloggedoutimplicitly.
•Everytimeusersendsachatkeyword,needtoknowtheprevioustrans.
•MSISDNno.Phone–usedassessionkey.

13. •3)EMAILTHRU’SMS
•Trans.Orienteddialogue.
•Usermess.Willbe–eg.,[email protected]
6:00p.m.
•Inabovemess.–mailid&bodyofthemess.Given
•4)HEALTHCARESERVICES
•Thisneedsbothpull&push.
•Atypicalappln.–beICUsys.–includealertstodoctor.
•Eg.,instatusmonitoringservice–doctorornursecanenquirethestatusof
apatientinICU.-shorttrans.–pullservice
•Eventhedoctors&nurses–notifiedperiodicallyaboutthestatusofthe
patients.-pushservice.
•5)MICRO-PAYMENTSERVICES
•Session-orienteddialogue.
•Inthisappln.–willbesomeno.Ofidentifier-pastedonthevending
machine.
•Customerenterthisno.&sendsarequesttopurchaseaproduct.
•Serviceprovider–authenticatetheuser&checkwhethertheuserhas
sufficientmoney.

14. •Baseduponthemoneytrans.–approvedorrejected.
•Ifapproved–authenticationmess.–sentbacktothevendingmachine.
•Vendingmachine–asktheusertoselecttheproduct.
•Userselectsproduct–shopdispensetheproduct–vendingmachinesenda
mess.ToVASindicatingshopthattheproduct–dispensed.
•ALERTSERVICES
•Time-based:
•Proactivealertssenttophones@pre-assignedtime.
•Watermark-based:
•Wheneverstockpricegoesuporfallsdowntoacertainlevel,alertsare
sent.
•Otherservices–cricketscore–periodicalert(every10minutes).
•LOCATION-BASEDSOFTWARE:
•Eg.,roaddirection,restaurantguideetc.,
•Somelocation-awareVASservicesprovideshoppingalerts.
•Inlocaation-basedservices–onlytheinf.Relevanttothecurrentlocation
isprovided.

15. •Eg.,inshoppingservice–alertsondiscountorsaleinf.–whentheypass
thru’closetheshoppingmall.
•Inrestaurantguide,ifapersoninhisoffice&sendsRestoVAS–then
receives–restaurantsin&aroundhisoffice.
•Forlocation-awares/w–preciselocationneedstobedetermined.
•Eitherfromthen/worfromthedevice.
•Usingn/w–TimeAdvancingTechniqueusedwithintheBTS.
•Usingdevice–1)CellID-basedsys.2)GlobalPositioningSys.(GPS)-
basedsys.
•1)InaCID-basedsys.–CIDofthecurrentBTS–determined.
•Needsmappingofthecellidtothegeographicalloc.
•Signalstrengthfromallthediff.CIDs-extractedfromthedevice&sent
totheserverthru’SMS.
•Loc. Of user –determined using signal strength & triangulation algs.
•2) In a GPS-based sys. –loc. Determined thru’ GPS receiver installed
within the phone.
•Computes position, velocity & time of a GPS reciever.
•Exact loc. Provided to offer direction inf.

16. •Basedonthevelocityalsodirectionbeidentified.
•GPSsys.–notdependentonn/woperator.
•Fig.6.6–showsthearchitectureofVAS.
•ACCESSINGTHESMSBEARER
•2waysofaccessing:
•1)useamobilephoneasaGSMmodem&connectittocomputer.
•2)UsetheSMSCofanoperatorthru’SMPPorsimilarinterface.
•GSMMODEM(OVERTHEAIR)