SHS.302 Lec-1 2.pptx pharmacology dpt education

Pharma dpt lec 1

1. Course Code 302 SHS.302 LEC-01 Spring 2019 Resource Person Dr. Khurram PHARMACOLOGY

2. Introduction to Pharmacology

3. Pharmacology Pharmacology can be defined as the study of substances that interact with living systems through chemical processes, especially by binding to regulatory molecules and activating or inhibiting normal body processes . Medical pharmacology, defined as the science of substances used to prevent, diagnose , and treat disease . Toxicology is that branch of pharmacology which deals with the undesirable effects of chemicals on living systems, from individual cells to complex ecosystems.

4. 2. Clinical Pharmacology: Study of drugs in humans(patients) It evaluate the pharmacological action of drug , preferred route of administration and safe dosage range in human by clinical trails.

5. Drug (dry herb) It is the active chemical entity present in medicine that is used for diagnosis, prevention , treatment / cure of disease. (WHO) .

6. Poisons are substances that cause harmful, dangerous or fatal symptoms in living substances

7. CHEMOTHERAPY: It’s the effect of drugs upon microorganisms, parasites and neoplastic cells living and multiplying in living organisms.

8. PHARMACOPOEIA: An official book containing a selected list of the established drugs and medical preparations with descriptions of their physical properties and tests for their identity, purity and potency e.g. Indian Pharmacopoeia (I.P), British Pharmacopoeia (B.P).

9. DRUGS ARE OBTAINED FROM: 1. Minerals: Liquid paraffin, magnesium sulfate, magnesium trisilicate , kaolin, etc. 2. Animals: Insulin, thyroid extract, heparin and antitoxin sera, etc. 3. Plants: Morphine, digoxin , atropine, castor oil, etc.

10. Synthetic source: Aspirin, sulphonamides , paracetamol , zidovudine , etc. Micro organisms: Penicillin, streptomycin and many other antibiotics. Genetic engineering: Human insulin, human growth hormone etc.

11. Pharmacokinetics It is derived from the  Greek word  ' pharmacon ' (drug) and kineticos " (motion / momentum). In other  words ,  pharmacokinetics  is the study of the relation between dose, plasma concentrations and therapeutic or toxic effects, of a drug . It is the quantitative study of drug movement through out body.

12. Absorption The process by which drug proceeds from the site of administration to the site of measurement (blood stream) within the body. Necessary for the production of a therapeutic effect. Most drugs undergo gastrointestinal absorption. This is extent to which drug is absorbed from gut lumen into portal circulation Exception: IV drug administration

13. IV vs Oral I.V Drug Oral Drug Immediately Delayed completely incomplete