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1. The Siege of Constantinople
The turning point between East and West
The defining moment of the Ottoman
Empire
The End of the Eastern Roman Empire
By: Adam Love
Table of Contents

2. The Siege of Constantinople
(1453 C.E.)
April 6
April 12
April 18
April 20
April 22
May 7
May 18
May 29
~Chronology~~Useful Links~
The_Fall_of_Constantinople.mov
Modern_Istanbul.mov
~Maps~
Byzantium Constantinople
Extent of Constantinople under Theodosius
Title Next Back Bibliography

3. April 6, 1453
–Mehmed II arrived on the plains before
Constantinople, and began preliminary
bombardment of the fortifications.
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4. April 12, 1453
–Advanced the cannons to the edge of the
great ditch (Foss) and began the “first
general preparatory gunpowder artillery
bombardment in history.”
•After 6 days of bombardment the outer
towers were beginning to crumble.
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5. April 18, 1453
–2 hours after sunset, Mehmed II begins assault
with his elite Janissary Force.
•Repelled by Giustiniani with his 700 Genoese
Knights
•Over 200 Janissary dead, no Knights killed.
–Mehmed II orders his admiral Baltoghlu to
attack and destroy the chain boom across the
Golden Horn.
•Byzantine Fleet repelled the Ottoman Fleet
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6. April 20, 1453
–Rescue ships sent by Pope (3 Genoese Galleys
and 1 Imperial Transport).
•Baltoghlu was unable to stop the ships reaching the
city of Constantinople.
–Mehmed II began to focus his energy on
controlling the Golden Horn and the waters
surrounding Constantinople.
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7. April 22, 1453
–Mehmed II orders thousands of workmen to
begin portaging his navy across the land just
north of the city to bypass the chain boom.
•By dawn the following day, all of the Ottoman
Fleet, some 70 ships, had been safely and
ingeniously hauled across land using teams of Oxen
and human effort.
•The Emperor Constantine tried to burn the Ottoman
Fleet a few days later during the night. He did not
succeed.
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8. May 7, 1453
–Ottoman’s launch another major assault
against the Mesoteichion sector involving
30,000-50,000 men.
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9. May 18, 1453
–Under the direction of Mehmed II, the
Ottoman’s constructed an armored siege
tower to protect workers attempting to fill
in the ditch (foss).
•During the night, Giustiniani led a
sortie out and blew the armored siege
tower up with gun powder.
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10. May 29, 1453
–Mehmed II planned a simultaneous 3 point attack,
against the walls Blachermae Gate, the Lycus Valley,
and the Romanus Gate.
–It was in the Lycus Valley the Mehmed II planned on
being successful.
–Used three waves of attackers, denying the defenders
any time to rest or repair.
•Bashi-Bazouk Infantry, Provincial Levies Regulars, Elite
Janissary Infantry.
–Killed the Emperor Constantine in battle, Siege of
Constantinople ended.
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11. The Fall of Constantinople
QuickTime™ and a
Sorenson Video 3 decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Table of Contents

12. Modern Istanbul
QuickTime™ and a
Sorenson Video 3 decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Table of Contents

13. Table of Contents

14. Table of Contents

15. Bibliography
•Discovery Education. “United Streaming.”
<http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/i
ndex.cfm> accessed November 8, 2007.
•Gabriel, Richard A. “Empires At War:
Volume III.” Greenwood Press, 2005.
•Finkel, Caroline. “Osman’s Dream.” Basic
Books, 2005.
Table of Contents