Six parts of tragedy

This presentation is about the six parts of tragdy.which is given by Aristotle.

1. M.K.BHAVANAGAR UNIVERSITY NAME-Pandya Mehal PAPER-LITERARY CRITICISM Roll No -19 Enrollment No :2069108420200029 TOPIC- ARISTOTAL SIX PART OF TRAGEDY DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH

2. Aristotle Aristotle * Greek philosopher *Born -384 BC * Died -322BC *Student of Plato * Poetics * Definition of tragedy by Aristotle, “The imitation of an action, serious, complete and of a certain magnitude, in a language beautifies in different parts with different kinds of embellishment, through action and not narration, and through scenes of pity and fear bringing about the ‘catharsis’ of these emotion.”

3. SIX PART OF TRAGEDY PLOT CHARACTER THOUGHT DICTION SONG SPECTACLE

4. PLOT According to Aristotle.. “ Plot is the soul of tragedy” Plot is the most important element among these six. Thre are two part of plot 1 simple plot 2complex plot Simple plot have only a “change of fortune”. Compelx plots have both “ reversa of intention” and “recognition” Aristotale said that “Without action there can not be tragedy;there may be without character.” he gave important to plot than other part of tragedy.

5. CHARACTER Character are men and women who act. The hero and the heroine are to important figures among the characters. Character comes in as subsidiary to the action. They shoud be true representatives of actual human nature. In comedy, many character are important but in tragedy , the Hero is important.

6. THOUGHT ►Thought is third in importance ,and is found “where something is proved to be or not to be,or a general maxime is enunciated.” aristotale says thought ,on the other hand ,is shown in all they sy when proving or disproving some particular point or enunciating some universal position.’

7. DICTION After thought diction is very important part in tragedy. It means “the expression of the meaning in words”which are proper and appropriate to the plot Diction is the medium of language or expression through which the characters reveal their thoughts and feelings. The diction should be ‘embellished with each kind of artistic element’

8. SONG Song is the fifth one is very important in tragedy. Song or the Lyrical element is to be found in the choric parts of a tragedy, it is the ‘embellishment’ spoken of earlier which distinguishes the tragedy from the epic. The songs and dialogues sung out loud would pin the attention of the spectators in the vast Greek theater on the spectacle, spur their imagination, sustain the illusion of reality and move them to tears and transport.

9. Catharsis :- The term ‘Catharsis’ is used only once in the course of Aristotle’s Poetics in the fourth chapter. Yet there is hardly any other single term which has given rise to so many different interpretations and controversies. The difficulty arises out of the fact that Aristotle does not define or explain the term.. Perhaps, he did so in the second book of the Poetics, which is lost. The term has been explained by critics in the light of its use in Aristotle’s other works, such as his Politics and Ethics. It has also been noted that the term ‘Catharsis’ has three meanings : it could mean “purgation” or “purification”, or “clarification”. Critics have interpreted Aristotle’s views in the light of each of these meanings—and it has not done much to ease the difficulty. Only one thing has been agreed upon—that tragedy should arouse pity and feat. But there is difference of opinion as to how the arousal of these emotions lead to ‘tragic pleasure’.

10. SPECTACLE It is one of the sources of the pleasures of tragedy. The spectacle or the scenic effects have more to do with stagecraft than with the writing of poetry, and hence Aristotle is of the view that the dramatist must depend for his effects on his own powers, rather than on spectacle. Besides, the production of spectacular effects depends more on the art of the stage machinist than on that of the poet. There can be no worse enemy of the art of the dramatist, than the theater manager, and relince on the theatrical and the sensational has spoiled many an excellent play.