EMPOWERMENT – is a process by which powerless people become conscious of their situation, organize collectively to improve it, and access opportunities, as an outcome of which they take control over their own lives, gain skills, and solve problems
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT: Has becoming a burning issue all over the world including the Philippines since last few decades. Many agencies of United Nations in their reports have emphasized that gender issue is to be given utmost priority. Women’s quest for equality with man is a universal phenomenon. The position and status of women has been very low in 18 th and 19 th centuries.
NEED OF EMPOWERMENT: The balance between…. What women do: What women have:
UNCERTAIN REALITY
NEED OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT EDUCATION EMPLOYMENT POVERTY IN THE COUNTRY HEALTH & SAFETY SOCIAL ISSUES ECONOMICAL ISSUES LEGAL ISSUES
EDUCATION only 65.46% of adult women are known to be literate in India [2] Data Source: Census of India 2011
EDUCATION GENDER GAPS OF WOMEN IN HIGHER EDUCATION About 1% of total women population has college education. Women account for a third of the students at college/university level. In engineering and business, the proportion of female students is much smaller. In education, nearly half of the students are women.
POVERTY IN THE COUNTRY Poverty is considered the greatest threat to peace. Due to abject poverty, women are exploited as domestic helps and wives whose incomes are usurped by the man of the house. Sex slaves are a direct outcome of poverty.
HEALTH & SAFETY According to the UNICEF (United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund) the main causes of maternal mortality are: Haemorrhage:30% Anaemia : 19% Sepsis: 16% Obstructed Labour : 10% Abortion: 8% Toxaemia : 8%
ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE Economic independence does not imply significant improvement in social standing. Culture and tradition play an important role. A small fraction has opened up towards Western values.
POLITICAL ISSUES REPRESENTATION IN DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS Government reservations policy for women: the constitutional amendment of 1990s. February 25, 1986 – June 30, 1992 January 20, 2001 – June 30, 2010
LEGAL ISSUES WOMEN SPECIFIC LEGISLATIONS Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986 The Commission of Sati (Prevention)Act, 1987 Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 February 25, 1986 – June 30, 1992 January 20, 2001 – June 30, 2010
RIGHTS OF WOMEN Rights under constitutional Law Rights under family law Rights under Muslim Law Right against violence and indecency Rights of maintenance under other laws Key NGO’s working for women rights
Role of the Government and the NGO Sector Repackaging of Internet-accessed information and combining Internet technology with ‘traditional’ or more established tools of communication like radio, television and print media. Facilitating content development on the web-production and use of ICT resources in different Indian languages. Government policies to ensure that women are brought to the mainstream through ICT programmes through accessible technology, relevant and useful to women. Institution of scholarships and awards, with incentives, to promote the enrollment of girls and women in ICT programmes . Continuing training programmes and awareness workshops on the use and potential of ICT throughout the country.
WOMEN OF THE 21 ST CENTURY GOAL-ORIENTED COMPETITIVE STRONG AGGRESSIVE ADVENTUROUS OPTIMISTIC
W hy 2 1 st Century Women are amazing…. Women can legally and freely vote. Women finally have a place in politics and government. Many opportunities to choose from. Women are finally recognized as an equal. Women are socially accepted now. This is an elated era for a woman. Being a Woman in the 21st Century Is Easy!
W hy 2 1 st Century Women are amazing…. Knowledge about the world and many other things in technology are increasing and making a 21st-century woman's life easier. Education, shopping, and working can all be found online to increase the time a woman has to herself to accomplish other things.