《非谓语动词》

for teaching!

1. 非谓语动词非谓语动词
不定式： 动名词： 分词：不定式： 动名词： 分词：
不定式不定式相当于相当于名词、形容词、副词名词、形容词、副词 。。
主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语、宾语补足语。主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语、宾语补足语。
动名词动名词相当于相当于名词名词。。
主语、表语、定语、宾语。主语、表语、定语、宾语。
分词分词相当于相当于形容词、副词。形容词、副词。
表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语

2. •一不定式：
•解题思路：
（1）不定式有两种形式：一是带 to 的不
定式，二是不带 to 不定式

（2）记住部分动词的用法：

（3）会分析句子成分，不定式作状语时的
其逻辑主语就是主句主语。

3. 1.常用带to 的不定式
tell sb to do sth
beg sb to do sth
order sb to do sth
allow sb to do sth
permit sb to do sth
encourage sb to do sth
wish sb to do sth
find sb to do sth 找某人去做某事
get sb to do sth 找某人去做某事
绝对不用这种句型的动词 有 agree 和
hope

4. 2．感官动词和使役动词与不带 to 的不
定式连用 。
感官动词：
五看 see , watch , look at, notice ,
observe .
二听 hear , listen to
一感觉 feel 一闻 smell
句型: see sb do
使役动词：
have , make , let
句型：have sb do

5. But /except/besides 介词 “除了”
前do 后不to , 前不do 后才to ,to do 不
并存
Do为实义动词
He did nothing but go home
He had nothing to do but go home
I have no choice but to explain the word

6. 3．不定式作宾语的动词：
有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语。
常见的动词有：
want,hope, wish, expect; decide
,refuse , fail, offer, manage,
pretend, promise, prepare, learn,
agree, plan, determine, prefer,
intend, etc.

7. 一.不定式作主语，表语
1. ______( look )after the children is her
work
2. _____( go ) to TsingHua University is my
aim
3.Her job is ____(look )after the children.
。

8. 二、不定式作宾语，宾补

He refused _________(see) me .
I manage ___________(help) him .
My mother asked me not ________(play) computer
games
They often hear him _______(sing ) a song .
I’ll have them ______(show ) you around the
school
to see
to help
to play
sing
show

9. 三.不定式作定语

He thought out a plan _____ (punish) Tom.
He is always the last _______ (come) to office
Please give me a knife _____ (cut) with.
作定语的不定式如是不及物动词，不定式后
面须有相应的介词。
to punish
to come
to cut

10. 四.不定式作状语。

目的状语： in order to 或so as to来表
示.
结果状语：
so…as to…, enough to…, too…
to…,
only to…等结构来表示
注意下列情况：
In order to make our city beautiful , ______________.
A. Many trees are planted B. They plant many trees .
B

11. •不定式作独立成分。
•To tell (you) the truth, he
doesn’t agree with you.
•To begin with, Beijing is a very
beautiful city.

12. •不定式在作表语的形容词后面作状语，
用主动形式表被动意思。
•常见的形容词有 easy , hard ,
difficult ,light ,heavy , comfortable
This question is difficult _______
(answer).
I think the box easy _________
(carry )
to answer
to carry

13. •不定式的时态与语态：
1）一般式：不定式表示的动作常与谓语的
动作同时（或几乎同时）发生，或在它之后
发生。
I saw him go out.
I plan to attend the meeting to be held
tomorrow.
2）进行式：不定式表示的动作正在进行。
I’m very glad to be working with you.
3）完成式：不定式的动作发生在谓语动词
之前
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
The article is said to have been read by many
people.

14. 不定式与疑问词 who, which,
when, where, how, what 等连
用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主
语，表语，宾语等 。
He didn’t know what to say.
How to solve the problem is
important.
My question is when to start.

15. 动名词：
•解题思路：
（1)必须记住常见接动名词的动词
(2)学会动名词的复合结构。

16. 常见接动名词的动词：
1、admit , appreciate , avoid ,
consider delay ,enjoy , escape ,
excuse , finish , forgive , imagine ,
keep , mind , miss, practise , resist ,
risk , suggest .
巧记：巧记： mecafps+doing mecafps+doing (mind, miss, (mind, miss,
excuse, enjoy, escape consider, excuse, enjoy, escape consider,
admit(admit(承认承认))，，advise, advise,
appreciate=enjoy, avoid, finish, practise, appreciate=enjoy, avoid, finish, practise,
suggest, suggest,

17. 常用动名词作宾语的词组
2.词组： feel like , give up , put off ,
object to （反对） , look forward to ,
can’t help , can’t stand , devote oneself
to , be used to (习惯于） insist on ,
get down to （开始做）， keep on (反
复）
3.形容词：worth , busy
4.句型：It’s no use / no good doing .

18. 5. want , need , require
+doing sth (动名词的主动 ）
+ to be done （不定式的被动 ）
The flowers want watering .
The flowers want to be watered .

19. •动名词复合结构的一般规则是：
1.逻辑主语是有生命的名词：作主语时
，须用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词
；作宾语时，也可用普通格或人称代词
宾格。
Tom’s (His) coming is what we
have expected.
She didn’t mind Jack/ Jack’s
(him/ his) coming here.

20. Victor apologized for
__________ to inform me
of the change in the
plan. （2004上海春）
A his being not able
B. him to not be able
C. his not being able
D. him to be not able

21. 2. 逻辑主语是无生命的名词：只用名词普通
格。
Is there any hope of our team
winning the match?

22. 不定式与动名词的区别：
不定式作主语时经常表示具体动作，
而动名词作主语时经常表示抽象动作：
It’s no good eating too much fat.
It’s not good for you to eat so much fat.
I like singing
I like to sing now

23. 1.动名词与不定式的不同含义：
•be afraid to do 不敢、害怕、胆怯
去
做某事
•be afraid of doing 担心、恐怕出现

24. 2) forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未
做）
forget doing sth.忘记做过了某事（已
做）
The light in the office is off. It was she
who turned it off, but she herself
forgot _______( turn ) it off.
The light in the office is still on. She
forgot ______(turn )it off.
turning
to turn

25. 3)remember to do sth.记着去做某事（未做
）
remember doing sth.记着做了某事（已做
）
•Do you remember ______(meet) me at
a party last year?
•You must remember ______( leave)
tomorrow.
meeting
to leave

26. 4) stop to do sth. 停下来去做
stop doing sth. 停止做
5) regret to do sth. 遗憾地说 /告诉…
regret doing sth. 后悔做了…
•I regret _____( go ) to his home town.
•I regret _____( tell ) you that you
didn’t pass the exam.
going
to tell

27. 6)try to do sth. 努力/设法去做
try doing sth. 尝试着去做

He tried _____( persuade ) his father to
give up smoking ,but he failed .

Let’s try _____( do ) the work in some
other way.
to persuade
doing

28. 7) mean to do sth. 打算去做
mean doing sth.意味着
If it means _____( delay ) more
than a week, I’ll not wait.
I mean _____( go ), and nothing can
stop me.
. 9) can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁，不禁
can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮忙做…
delaying
to go

29. 10. start / begin to do sth.
+ doing sth.
一般情况相等，但在下列情况下，只用不定式
1.后接心里状态的动词： wonder , know , realize ,
understand 等
2.本身用进行时时态时 ;
He began to realize the importance of English .
It is beginning to rain .

30. •分词：
•解题思路： 必须搞清逻辑主语与分词的关
系，从而来确定分词是用现在分词或过去
分词。分词的时态或语态。
•1定语：1）前置定语 2）后置定语
•逻辑关系是 分词与所修饰词的关系
•2.宾补：逻辑关系是宾语与宾补的关系
•3.状语：分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主
语一定是主句主语。

catch ,

32. 分词作定语：
1,There be +n 句型
doing
done
to be done
2.三种作定语的区别
The building ________ (build) now is a hospital.
The building _________(build ) last year is a library .
The building _____________(build ) next year is a
dormitory
being built
built
to be built

33. 4） 分词作定语 (不定式作定语）：
A) 1. Do you know the man _____
(speak ) at the meeting?
2. Do you know the man _____ (
praise ) at the meeting?
3. The building _____( put ) up
last year is our library.
4. The building _________( put )
up now will be our new
company.
speaking
praised
put
being put

34. 1.The boy Jack in Class One is my brother.
A. call B. to be called C. calling D. called
2.Children like to drink cold _____water especially in summer .
A. boiling B. being boiled C. boiled D. to be boiling

3.I have read the article ________by LuXun .
A. write B. wrote C. writing D. written
4.The television is a _______machine .
J.Newly –inventing B. newly –invented
C. Newly –invent D．newly –invention 　
改错：Do you know the boy stood there .
分词作定语题
：
D
C
D
B

35. 5.The bell ___the end of the period
rang , _______our heated
discussion
B.indicating , interrupting
C.indicated , interrupting
D.indicating , interrupted
E.indicated, interrupted
A

36. 用分词作宾语补的动词 .
1.感官动词和使役动词
1）五看 see , watch , look at, notice ,
observe . 二听 hear , listen to
一感觉 feel 一闻 smell
2）使役动词： have , make
2.其他常用分词作宾补的动词。
Leave , set , catch sb doing .
get , find

37. 3分词作宾语补足语 .
1.Whatever she said , she couldn’t make
herself _____.
A.understand B. to understand
C.understanding D.understood
2. He looked around and caught a man
_______ his hand into the pocket of
a passenger. （2004北京春）
A. putB. to be putting
C. to putD. putting
D
D

38. •The managers discussed the
plan that they would like to
see______ the next year.
（NMET2000）
•A. carry out 　　
•B. carrying out 　　　　
•C. carried out 　
•D. to carry out
•非谓语做宾语的补语
•看他与宾语关系－－
　　
•主动 用现在分词
•被动用过去分词

39. 现在分词和过去分词作状语的区别：
•分词与逻辑主语（即句子主语）关系来
决定分词的语态，
•1）分词与逻辑主语是 主动关系用现在
分词
•
•分词的动作如发生在谓语动词之后
doing，用一般式，如发生在谓语动词之
前，用完成式 having done。
•2）分词与逻辑主语是 被动关系用过去
分词

40. •分词作状语：时间，原因，伴随，结果
，
• 条件等。
•1._____(walk) along the street , he
met with his old friend.
•2._______________(finish) their
lessons , the boys went to bed .
•3.Be careful when ________(cross)
the street.
•4.________(see) from the hill , the
•city looks beautiful.
Walking
Having finished
crossing
SeenSeen

41. •原因:
•1. Feeling tired , the reporter lay on
the ground .
•2.Not having received an answer, he
decided to write another letter.
•3.Born into a poor family , he had
only two years of schooling .
•4.Not satisfied with the result , we
decided to make the experiment
again .

42. •Holding his head high , he walked past
his classmate.
•Every day , they stood there , begging .
•Just then , the rain came pouring down
•His wife died in 1962,leaving him with
three children
•The bus was held up by the snow , thus
causing the delay .
伴随，结果

43. 条件
•_____(give ) more time , we are sure
to finish it .
•_____(give ) another chance , we can
do better.
Given
Given

44. 常用现在分词的动词：
1.happen , occur, belong to , refer
to (涉及，关于） ,remain , date
from (记载）， suffer from .
2. sound , taste , feel , smell +adj
_________ delicious , the hamburgers
are popular with children .
Tasting

45. 常用过去分词的动词
•born into , covered with , based on ,
interested in , lost in thought ,
compared with /to , surprised at ,
caught in the rain , satisfied with .
determined to do
•Seen from .faced with

46. 分词用独立主格结构
•独立主格：独立的主语 +分词（它是一个
状语从句的省略）
Time permitting =If the time permits , I will finish another
lesson
So many students being absent , we decided to put the
meeting off .
He rushed into the room , his face covered with sweat.
It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall , some
measuring over 90 meters .

47. •独立成分： 英
语中，有的非谓语 和
句子主语之间，不存在逻辑上的 主动或被
动关系，只是在句中起
评注性的说 明作用
,分词：Generally speaking , judging from/
by , supposing，considering
Eg: Judging from his accent , he must be
from the south..
不定式： to be honest , to be frank (坦率
地
说）， to tell you the truth
Eg: To tell the truth , I don’t agree with you.

48. •Don’t leave the water _____
while you brush your teeth.
(2004天津)
A run B. Running
C. being runD. to run
＊You should understand the
traffic rule by now. You’ve had it
_often enough.2005天津
）
A explaining B. to explain
C. explain D. explained D

49. 形容
化的分词
+prep
• __________in a white
uniform, he looks more like a
cook than a doctor. （2005湖
南
）
• A. Dressed
•B. To dress
•C. Dressing
•D. Having dressed

50. •______with so much
trouble, we failed to
complete the task on
time. ( 2006四
川卷
)
•A. Faced B. Face
•C. Facing D. To face

51. • _________ his
performances, he must have
practiced a lot.
•A. judged from B. . Judged
by
•C. judging from D judging
by

52. 2. I saw them _____( play ) the
computer this afternoon.
3. Have you _____( heard ) this song
_____( sing ) before?
4. She was surprised to find the house
_____( break ) into when she went
back home.
5. Unfortunately, he got his wallet
_____( steal ) on the bus.
6. We are interested in hearing him
_____( tell ) us the news.
playing

53. 1.Teaching in NO.1 school ,_____
A.teachers should know a lot
B.students should study hard
2.To make our city beautiful,_____
A.we planted many trees
B. Many trees are planted