smart energy meter with iot capabilities

this presentation

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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science
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IOT BASED SMART ENERGY METER
Sanket Tule
*1
, Durvas Gade
*2
, Harshal Surankar
*3
,

Abhijit Kulte
*4
,
Hina Neware
*5
, Dipti Kawale
*6

*1,2,3,4,5,6Students, Electrical Engineering Department Wainganga College Of Engineering And
Management , Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.56726/IRJMETS39701
ABSTRACT
This paper presents the IOT based smart energy meter to track the energy consumption automatically of the
residential load. This meter is capable of sending the consumptions to the consumer as well as electricity
supplier. The readings are taken automatically by using HLW8012 sensor. Then a predefined set of program
calculates the total bill of energy consumed over the selected interval using ESP32 microcontroller. The bill is
updated in the smartphone by employing a network of Internet of Things. This system eliminates the
involvement of operator for manual methods of taking the meter reading and updating in the server for bill. The
user can check the number of the units consumed by the load at any time using the smartphone. In future this
idea can be implemented for prepaid metering, which will eventually increase the revenue of the electricity
distribution company. We are using ESP32 because of inbuilt Wi-Fi and Bluetooth facility available in this
microcontroller IOT is the combination of collect and exchange data from electronic hardware to the cloud
platform and share with the software linked. The platform of virtuino android app is used. Which reflect all the
value of Voltage, Current, Power and unit consumed on the mobile screen.
Keywords: Iot, Electric Meter, Optical Sensor, Mobile Application, Cloud Server, Android, DPDC.
I. INTRODUCTION
In the present scenario, we all know that an electrical system uses a digital energy meter that is operated
manually for Billing and monitoring. And this manual process is very time-consuming and needs human efforts
to generate a bill and monitor it all the time. This project aims to develop a Smart Energy meter using IoT. This
system shows the real-time energy consumption to consumers’ mobile via IoT. this system provides four main
features.
1. Distance switching i.e., ON and OFF the power supply from anywhere via mobile IoT.
2. Live monitoring.
3. Automatic billing.
4.Two user logins (User and Administrator)
With the help of this system, we can overcome manual operations and saves labour cost as there is no need for
human, and it is very time efficient because of distance operation,
Energy meter cast present future with the implementation of communication technology for electrical meters
underway in many other countries, there are still many unanswered questions surrounding the best
implementation for India. There are, however, many incentives for implementing such a system that could
make a significant impact on today’s metering challenges.
From the early days of the Ferraris wheel electromechanical energy meter, electrical metering utilities in India
sought features that were less common in other regions of the world. Driven by a high occurrence of meter
tampering, these features continue to be important as technology develops .
II. METHODOLOGY
This article presents a technical research wattmeter based on the concept of the Internet of Things. In this plan,
we use the Internet of Things idea to debug the energy meter. The whole program is mainly based on Arduino.
The Internet of Things is built by connecting the Internet activities of body units through the Internet of Things,
which allows objects to transmit data from the current meter of the device to the Internet. Therefore, there is a
way to adjust and maintain electricity use over time so that buyers can discount their expected electricity use.

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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science
[5355]
The machine is suitable for buyers and suppliers. This method eliminates the tasks associated with changing
the billing process. It plays an important role in notifying suppliers about sensor theft.

Fig 1. Block Diagram of System
III. COMPONENTS USED
INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)
The term IoT, or Internet of Things, refers to the collective network of connected devices and the technology
that facilitates communication between devices and the cloud, as well as between the devices themselves.
While IoT has been in existence since the 90s, recent advances in a number of different technologies have made
it more practical, such as:
➢ Access to affordable and reliable sensors
➢ Increase in the availability of cloud computing platforms
➢ Advances in machine learning and AI technologies

Fig 2. IoT

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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science
[5356]
IoT devices can range from small ordinary household cooking appliances to sophisticated industrial tools. Each
IoT component has a Unique Identifier (UID) and they can also transmit data without the assistance of humans.
ENERGY METER

An energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electric energy consumed by a residence, business, or
an electrically powered device. Energy meters are typically calibrated in billing units, the most common one
being the kilowatt hour (kWh).
Energy meters operate by continuously measuring the instantaneous voltage (volts) and current (amperes) and
finding the product of these to give instantaneous electrical power (watts) which is then integrated against time
to give energy used (joules, kilowatt-hours, etc.). Meters for smaller services (such as small residential
customers) can be connected directly in line between the source and the customer. For larger loads, more than
about 200 amperes of load, current transformers are used, so that the meter can be located other than in line
with the service conductors.
BREADBOARD POWER SUPPLY

Fig 3. Breadboard Power Supply
This is a 3.3V/5V MB102 Breadboard Power Supply Module which provides a dual 5 V and 3.3 V power rails
and has a multi-purpose female USB socket. The 3.3V/5V MB102 Breadboard Power Supply Module securely
fits in a standard 400 or 800 tie points breadboard it also features reverse polarity protection, the module can
take 6.5V to 12V input and can produce 3.3V and +5V. The module can also output 5V on USB connector or
input through the USB connector. It’s a must-have product for experimenters those have to test/prototype
electronic circuits on the breadboard.
Features:
• Breadboard power supply module, compatible with 5V, 3.3V.
• Apply to MB102 breadboard
• Fluctuation two road independent control can switch over to 0 V, 3.3 V, 5 V • On-board two groups of 3.3V, 5V
DC output plug pin, convenient external lead use.
RELAY MODULE
Relay is one kind of electro-mechanical component that functions as a switch. The relay coil is energized by DC
so that contact switches can be opened or closed. A single channel 5V relay module generally includes a coil,
and two contacts like normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC).

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5V Relay Module Pin Configuration
The pin configuration of the 5V relay module is shown below. This module includes 6-pins where each pin and
its functionality are discussed below.
Normally Open (NO): This pin is normally open unless we provide a signal to the relay modules signal pin. So,
the common contact pin smashes its link through the NC pin to make a connection through the NO pin.
Common Contact: This pin is used to connect through the load that we desire to switch by using the module.
Normally Closed (NC): This NC pin is connected through the COM pin to form a closed circuit. However, this
NC connection will break once the relay is switched through providing an active high/low signal toward the
signal pin from a microcontroller.
Signal Pin: The signal pin is mainly used for controlling the relay. This pin works in two cases like active low
otherwise active high. So, in active low case, the relay activates once we provide an active low signal toward the
signal pin, whereas, in an active high case, the relay will trigger once we provide a high signal toward the signal
pin.
5V VCC: This pin needs 5V DC to work. So 5V DC power supply is provided to this pin.
Ground: This pin connects the GND terminal of the power supply.
NODE MCU ESP8266

ESP32 is a low-cost, low-power Microcontroller with an integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. It is the successor to
the ESP8266 which is also a low-cost Wi-Fi microchip albeit with limited vastly limited functionality.
It is an integrated antenna and RF balun, power amplifier, low-noise amplifiers, filters, and power management
module. The entire solution takes up the least amount of printed circuit board area. This board is used with 2.4
GHz dual-mode Wi-Fi and Bluetooth chips by TSMC 40nm low power technology, power and RF properties best,
which is safe, reliable, and scale-able to a variety of applications.
• Power Pins There are four power pins. VIN pin and three “3.3V” pins.

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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
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• VIN can be used to directly supply the Node MCU/ESP32 and its peripherals. Power delivered on VIN is
regulated through the onboard regulator on the Node MCU module – you can also supply 5V regulated to the
VIN pin
• “3.3V” pins are the output of the onboard voltage regulator and can be used to supply power to external
components.
• GND are the ground pins of Node MCU/ESP32.
• I2C Pins are used to connect I2C sensors and peripherals. Both I2C Master and I2C Slave are supported. I2C
interface functionality can be realized programmatically, and the clock frequency is 100 kHz at a maximum. It
should be noted that I2C clock frequency should be higher than the slowest clock frequency of the slave device.
• GPIO Pins Node MCU/ESP32 has 17 GPIO pins which can be assigned to functions such as I2C, I2S, UART,
PWM, IR Remote Control, LED Light and Button programmatically. Each digital enabled GPIO can be configured
to internal pull-up or pull-down, or set to high impedance. When configured as an input, it can also be set to
edge-trigger or level-trigger to generate CPU interrupts.
• SPI Pins Node MCU/ESP32 features two SPIs (SPI and HSPI) in slave and master modes. These SPIs also
support the following general-purpose SPI features:
• 4 timing modes of the SPI format transfer
• Up to 80 MHz and the divided clocks of 80 MHz
• Up to 64-Byte FIFO
• UART Pins Node MCU/ESP32 has 2 UART interfaces (UART0 and UART1) which provide asynchronous
communication (RS232 and RS485), and can communicate at up to “4.5” Mbps. UART0 (TXD0, RXD0, RST0 &
CTS0 pins) can be used for communication. However, UART1 (TXD1 pin) features only data transmit signal so,
it is usually used for printing log.
• PWM Pins The board has 4 channels of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). The PWM output can be implemented
programmatically and used for driving digital motors and LEDs. PWM frequency range is adjustable from 1000
μs to 10000 μs (100 Hz and 1 kHz).
• Analog: Used to send/receive analog data using the following functions:
# examples based on Arduino IDE
analogRead();
analogWrite();
Digital: Used to send/receive digital data using the following functions:
# examples based on Arduino IDE
digitalRead();
digitalWrite();
• DAC : ESP32 has two 8-bit DAC (digital to analog converter) channels internally which are connected to
GPIO25 (Channel 1) and GPIO26 (Channel 2). 8-bit DAC means, ESP32 can convert the digital input (0 to 255) to
equivalent analog output.
RTC timer: This timer allows time keeping in various sleep modes, and can also persist time keeping across any
resets (with the exception of power-on resets which reset the RTC timer).
• Control Pins are used to control the Node MCU/ESP32 . These pins include Chip Enable pin (EN), Reset pin
(RST) and WAKE pin. EN: The ESP8266 chip is enabled when EN pin is pulled HIGH. When pulled LOW the chip
works at minimum power.
• RST: RST pin is used to reset the ESP8266 chip.
• WAKE: Wake pin is used to wake the chip from deep-sleep
BLYNK FRAMEWORK
Blynk is an IoT platform for iOS or Android smartphones that is used to control Arduino, Raspberry Pi and
NodeMCU via the Internet. This application is used to create a graphical interface or human machine interface
(HMI) by compiling and providing the appropriate address on the available widgets. Blynk was designed for the

6. e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science
[5359]
Internet of Things. It can control hardware remotely, it can display sensor data, it can store data, visualize it and
do many other cool things. There are three major components in the platform. Blynk App: – It allows you to
create amazing interfaces for your projects using various widgets which are provided.
Blynk App: – It allows you to create amazing interfaces for your projects using various widgets which are
provided

Fig 4. Blynk Application
BLYNK SERVER: –
• It is responsible for all the communications between the smartphone and hardware. • You can use the Blynk
Cloud or run your private Blynk server locally. • It's open-source, could easily handle thousands of devices.
TRANSFORMER – It is a device that converts the electric energy from one Alternating Current to another by
just stepping up and stepping down the voltage. It consists of two types of coil - Primary coil, Secondary coil.

Fig 5. TRANSFORMER
IV. WORKING
The 1-phase 230V AC source connected to the energy meter. The energy meter output is connected to the relay
module and the output of the relay gives the supply to the load. A 230V AC supply is given to the 230/12 V Step
down Transformer (Buck Power Supply). Transformer converts 230 V AC to the 12 V AC. Then bridge rectifier
converts 12 V AC to the 12 V DC. But we required 5 V DC for the ESP32 microcontroller so, the buck power
supply is connected to the VR breadboard module that converts 12v DC to 5v Fix DC for NODE MCU. The NODE
MCU is connected with a relay module for wireless switching operation (on/off load) using the IoT database
server and mobile application. A particular user ID and password of user is stored through programming in
controller so that only an authenticated user can see the data of specific user ID. To store the data and
represent it on internet Blynk IoT platform is used. As mentioned, ESP32 is provided with WI-FI facility, it will
upload the data such as voltage, current, power consumed and bill of energy consumption on Blynk IoT, so that
user can see it anytime from anywhere.

7. e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science
[5360]
MICROCONTROLLER PROGRAMMING
#defineBLYNK_TEMPLATE_ID
"TMPLuwuAlGNE"//template
#define BLYNK_DEVICE_NAME "boom"
#defineBLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN
"gu1cpSl1AZ3ww3S8iQRbBpjSJpr4Ji7-"//blynk server
token
#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial
#include <ESP32WiFi.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp32.h>
char auth[] = BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN;
char ssid[] = "ADVEL AUTO";
char pass[] = "ZINGALALABINGO4";
BLYNK_WRITE(V0)
{
int value = param.asInt();
if(value == 1){
digitalWrite(D1, HIGH);
}else{
digitalWrite(D1, LOW);
}
}
void setup()
{
pinMode(D1, OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(115200);//baud rate (communication speed)
Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);
}
void loop()
{
Blynk.run();
}
ADVANTAGES:
• Error free and accurate
• Reduced man-power or manual labour and labour cost
• Cost Effective
• Theft Detection
• Improved Efficacy
• Faster processing time
• Faster response time
• Globally accessible
• User friendly

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International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:05/Issue:05/May-2023 Impact Factor- 7.868 www.irjmets.com
www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science
[5361]
V. CONCLUSION
The Internet of Things based Smart Energy Meter helps in energy monitoring through the internet which
provides us with real time power consumption and allows us to keep our consumption constantly in check. It
eliminates the chances of manual error delay in processing and electricity theft thus we get accurate readings
and justified electricity bills. The direct exchange of data between the meter and the utilities, made possible
because of IOT, transforms it into an automated system that offers improved service quality and faster response
time despite the reduced manual labour which in turn reduces the labour cost thus providing us with
furthermore economic benefits.
VI. REFERENCES
[1] Somchai Thepphaeng; Chaiyod Pirak. Design and Implementation of Wireless Sensor Network and
Protocol for Smart Energy Meter. 2011 International Conference on Circuits, System and Simulation
IPCSIT vol.7 (2011) © (2011)IACSIT Press, Singapore.
[2] Chih-Yung Chang, Chin-Hwa Kuo,Jian-Cheng Chen and Tzu-Chia Wang Design and Implementation of an
IoT Access Point for Smart Home. Applied Science; ISSN 2076-3417. www.mdpi.com/journal/applsci
[3] Su, J.H.; Lee, C.S.; Wu, W.C. The Design and Implementation of a Low-Cost and Programmable Home
Automation Module. IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron. 2006, 52, 1239–1244.
[4] S. Metering, S. Visalatchi and K. K. Sandeep, "Smart energy metering and power theft control using
arduino & GSM," 2nd International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT), Mumbai, 2017,
pp. 858-961.
[5] Mr. Rajesh Kumar, D. Modi, Mr. Rajesh Sukhadi, “A Analysis on IOT Based Smart Electricity Meter '',
International Paper For Technical Research In Engineering, Vol. 2, Issue 3, 2016.
[6] Md Redwanul Islam, Supriya Sarker, Md Shahraduan Mazumder, Mehnaj Rahman Ranim, “An IoT-based
Realtime Low-Cost Smart Energy Meter Monitoring System using Android Application”, International
Journal of Engineering and Techniques - Volume 5 Issue 3, June 2019.