Smart materials

Introduction,,, Major Types,,, Examples,,, Applications and Advantages and Dis-Advantages of Smart Materials...

2. Group Members
Habib ur Rehman (2012-IM-117)
M Abu Bakar (2012-IM-126)
Haseeb ur Rehman (2012-IM-109)
Rachna College of Engineering and
Technology, Gujranwala

3. Smart Materials
If you want to build the future, you need to
understand smart materials

4. Contents
What are smart materials???
Types
Examples
Applications
Advantages and Dis-advantages

5. What are Smart
Materials???

6. What are Smart Materials???
Smart materials have a fairly vague definition, which
points to any material that exhibits smart behaviors.
Smart behavior occurs when a material can sense some
stimulus from its environment and react to it in a useful,
reliable, reproducible and usually reversible manner.

7. Definition
Smart materialsare designed materialsthat have one or
more properties that can be significantly changed in a
controlled fashion by external stimuli, such
asstress,temperature, moisture,
pH,electricormagneticfields.

8. Smart materials
Smart materials have properties that react to changes in
their environment.
This means that one oftheir properties can be changed by
an external condition, such as temperature, light,
pressure or electricity.
This change is reversible and can be repeated many times.
They are often also called “responsive” or “intelligent”
materials.

9. A smart fluid developed in labs at the Michigan Institute of
Technology

11. Major Types

12. Major Types
Piezoelectric
Electrostrictive
Magnetostrictive
Shape memory alloys
Magnetocaloric

13. Piezoelectric
When subjected to an electric charge or a variation
in voltage, piezoelectric material will undergo some
mechanical changes.
The best known example is electric cigarette lighter.

14. Electrostrictive
This material has the same properties as
piezoelectric material, but the mechanical
change is proportional to the square of the
electric field.
Lead Magnesium Niobate (PMN) and its doped
derivatives are classical electrostrictive materials.

15. Magnetostrictive
When subjected to a magnetic field, this
material will undergo an induced mechanical
change.
Consequently, it can be used as sensors.

16. Shape Memory Alloys
When subjected to a thermal field, this material will
undergo phase change which will produce shape
changes.
These are used in aircrafts, piping, automotives,
telecommunication, robotics and in medicines as well.

17. Magnetocaloric materials
Magnetocaloric materials are compounds that undergo a
reversible change in temperature upon exposure to a
changing magnetic field.
These materials have applications in refrigeration.

18. Examples

19. Examples
Smart Colors
1. Thermo Chromic
2. Photo Chromic
Polymorph
Smart Grease
Conductive Polymers
Nanomaterials

20. Examples
Treated Paper
Thermo color Sheet
Precious Metal Clay (PMC)
Paper foam
Footwear
Etc.

21. Applications

22. Thermochromism
Thermochromismis the property ofsubstancesto
changecolordue to a change intemperature.
Smart materials are used in all types of thermochromatic
liquid crystals, leuco dyes, thermochromic papers,
thermochromic polymers and thermochromic inks.

24. Photochromic Lens
Smart materialsare also used in photochromic lens.
Photochromic lensesarelensesthat darken on exposure to
specific types of light, most commonlyultraviolet
(UV)radiation.
Once the light source is removed (for example by walking
indoors), the lenses will gradually return to their clear
state.

25. Shape-Memory Polymers
Shape-memory polymers (SMPs)are polymericsmart
materialsthat have the ability to return from a deformed
state (temporary shape) to their original (permanent)
shape induced by an external stimulus (trigger), such as
temperature change.

26. Advantages and
Dis-Advantages

27. Advantages of Smart
Materials
High energy density (compared to pneumatic and
hydraulic actuators)
Excellent bandwidth
Simplified packaging
Novel functions such as the huge volume change as a
function of temperature exhibited by smart gels.

28. Disadvantages of Smart
Materials
Dropping people out of the labor
Not biodegradable
Environmental pollution
Expensive to produce
Long term effects unknown
Global crisis