SMART MATERIALS USED IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

Smart materials

1. SMART MATERIALS USED IN CIVIL ENGINEERING PRESENTED BY, D.C. SURYA & S. SRI LOGESH, B.E (CIVIL ENGINEERING), II YEAR, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING , PATTUKKOTTAI.

2. INTRODUCTION Smart materials are the materials which have ability to changes their condition in which they are exposed in a useful repetitive manner. In this structures that are incorporate the smart materials are called as “Smart Structures”. Smart materials have played significant contribution towards the development of buildings.

3. TYPES OF SMART MATERIALS Aluminium Bitumen Tempered glass Stabilised ,compressed earth blocks Precast concrete blocks Flyash /sand – lime bricks Bamboo/timber mat based walls Sensor & actuator

4. ALUMINIUM More than 3000 commercial applications. 35% of aluminum produced for using construction. Non- Corrosive. High durability and low maintenance. Ductile and malleable. Aesthetically attractive. It has a piezoelectric properties.

5. BITUMEN Super pavement system. Superior performing asphalt pavement system. Reduce permanent deformation. Fatigue cracking. Soil conditioning agents. Bentonite slurry. Polymer liquids. Small stones + sand + filler + bitumen = Asphalt.

6. TEMPERED GLASS Thermally tempered glazing - automobile windows. Polycarbonate glazing – bullet proof glazing.

7. STABILISED,COMPRESSED EARTH BLOCKS Muds are stabilized with 5% cement/lime etc. and compacted in blocks making machine with no burning. A good walling material as burnt bricks and is economical, stronger, energy saving and simple for manufacturing. The soil stabilized hollow and interlocking blocks can provide better thermal insulation.

8. PRECAST CONCRETE BLOCKS It has made to similar dimension of stone blocks without large size stone pieces but using coarse and fine aggregate with cement. The excellent properties are comparable to other masonry blocks are cheaper and speed construction and especially suitable for good quality of clay for bricks making.

9. FLYASH /SAND – LIME BRICKS It was produced from fly ash or sand with lime as binder are stronger, then superior in water absorption and crushing strength. However this needs autoclaving.

10. BAMBOO/TIMBER MAT BASED WALLS Plastered on either side by mud or cement mortar over the bamboo mat placed between horizontal and vertical timber/bamboo as a frame. It is easy to construct,cost less and are popular in hilly areas. However, these are non-load bearing and need supporting structure. In this upgraded traditional technology is relevant for earthquake view points in walling option (conventional).

11. SENSOR AND ACTUATOR This are essential elements of the embedded system. This are used in flight control system in an aircraft, process control system in nuclear reactor and power plants that required to operated an automated control. The sensor is used to changing the environment. The actuator is used to control physical changes.

12. NEEDS OF SMART MATERIALS In this design of smart buildings. It is used for vibration control, noise mitigation and safety performance . In the construction of smart buildings for environment control and structure monitoring . They have the potential to improve existing technology and added new products. They have a wide variety of areas and could have an important role in waste reduction.

13. ADVANTAGES OF SMART MATERIALS Superior strength. Toughness. Enhanced durability. Increased resistance to abrasion ,corrosion , chemicals and fatigue. It instead of conventional mechanism to sense.

14. CONCLUSION The overall conclusion is that materials are tends to increase the ability of intelligent materials to shape the comfort of the internal environment,security and energy efficiency of the building as well as its aesthetic and ecological features. Therefore, it is very important to develop the structures which can minimize internal and external disturbances for structural safety and extension of its service life.

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