Social groups

Man is a social animal who cannot live alone. Man begins his life in group of a family. Throughout the life, man forms different groups to fulfil different needs. Every group plays an important role in shaping the personality & socialization of a person.

1. SOCIAL GROUPS Ms Manisha

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3. INTRODUCTION Man is a social animal who cannot live alone . Man begins his life in group of a family. Throughout the life, man forms different groups to fulfil different needs . Every group plays an important role in shaping the personality & socialization of a person. Ms Manisha

4. MEANING Group – A collection of two or more people By group, we mean any collection of human beings, who are brought into social relationships with one another’’. Ms Manisha

5. DEFINITIONS Social group may be defined as an aggregate of a number of people who are inter-related and have a common identity ,feeling of unity and certain common goals. “Whenever two or more individuals come together and influence one another , they may be said to constitute a social group ”. (According to Ogburn and Nimkoff ) Social group refers to any collection of human beings who are establishing human relationships with one another (According to MacIver RM & Page) Ms Manisha

6. CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUPS Collection of individuals : Social groups consist of two and more than two persons. Reciprocal relationships (Interdependent) : The group members are inter-related to each other and inter-dependent on each other. Communication & IPR : People of the groups have regular interactions and communication. Similar behaviour : Members of a group behave in a similar way for achieving the common goals and interests. Ms Manisha

7. Common goals : The goals of all members in a group are same . Feeling of unity and sympathy: The members of a group have a feeling of unity and sympathy towards each other . Common interests , beliefs and ideals. CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUPS (Contd..) Ms Manisha

8. Group norms : Every group has it’s own set of rules and norms. Division of labour : All the members in a group have defined roles and works to do. Groups are dynamic : Social groups are not static but dynamic. Some members older members die, some new members are born, some people leave groups. CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUPS (Contd..) Ms Manisha

9. IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL GROUPS For better survival Social security & support Personality development Efficiency Motivation Satisfaction Social identity Ms Manisha

10. GROUP STRUCTURE Ms Manisha

11. TYPES OF GROUPS Ms Manisha

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13. Characteristics of primary group Small size Personal relationship Close contact among members. The relationship is spontaneous : Such relations are not planned, they develop naturally. Stability : Primary groups are permanent in nature. Cooperation Direct face to face communication Ms Manisha

14. Characteristics of secondary group Large in size Membership : M embers are free to join these groups and its not a compulsion. Formal relationship Indirect Cooperation Indirect communication Status of the members depends on the role and functions performed. Specific function Goal oriented Ms Manisha

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21. CROWD The crowd is a collection of people which is temporary and formed suddenly . A crowd is quickly created and quickly dissolved. Ms Manisha

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23. Definition : Crowd “ It is a physically compact aggregation of human being brought into direct, temporary and un-organized contact with one another”. ( MacIver ) “ C rowd is a temporary collection of persons who react to a common focus of attention, and engage in spontaneous interaction . ( Lundberg) Ms Manisha

24. Characteristics of Crowd Crowd is a gathering. Temporary group Unorganized group Anonymity Narrow attention ( The attention of a crowd is only towards a particular thing at one time ) Emotional Irresponsibility Ms Manisha

25. Types of Crowd Ms Manisha

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27. MOB Mob means a disorderly crowd of people with the intent of causing trouble or violence. Ms Manisha

28. PROTEST CROWD Collection of people who gather to protest against ; - T he government or any organization Over some issue: economic , political or social Ms Manisha

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30. TRIBE Definition : A tribe is a collection of families bearing a common name, speaking common dialect/ language , occupying a common territory and having a common culture . Ex- Schedule tribes in India - Santals in Bihar Ms Manisha

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32. Characteristics of Tribe Common territory : R emain within a definite area Unity Common language Endogamous Religious ties Common culture Ms Manisha

33. CASTE Refers to a group of people bearing a common name and having traditional occupation and forming a homogenous community. Caste is defined as “ the extreme form of social organisation in which position of individuals in the status hierarchy is determined by descend and birth” . (ACC TO ANDERSON & PARKER) Ms Manisha

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35. SOCIAL CLASS / CLASS The class / social class means collection of individuals sharing similar economic circumstances. People in the same social class typically share a similar level of wealth, educational achievement, type of job and income. Ms Manisha

36. Definition : Social Class A group of people within a society who possess the same socioeconomic status . Social class  refers to a group of people with similar levels of wealth, influence, and status Ms Manisha

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38. Social groups are everywhere and are a basic part of human life. Everywhere you look there seem to be groups of people!  Ms Manisha