Social impact of Terrorism presentation slides

Terrorism

1. TERRORISM
HAJRA SAWAR

2. INTERNAL CAUSES
a) Socio-Economic Causes
i) Injustice
ii) Illiteracy
iii) Poverty And Unemployment
iv) Food Insecurity
v) Dissatisfaction
b) Political Causes
i) Non-Democratic Set-Up
ii) Improper Government Set-Up
iii) Absence Of Law And Failure Of Law Enforcement Agencies
c) Religious Causes
i) Role Of Madrassah
ii) Religious Intolerence

3. Socio-Economic causes
•Injusticeisoneoftheforemostfactorsthatbreedterrorism.Whenthegrievancesofthepeoplearenotredressedthey
resorttoviolentactions.SothisisthecasewithPakistanwheretimelyjusticehasalwaysbeenafarcry.Hence,the
delayedjusticeisworkingasincentiveforvictimsanddraggingthemtotheswampofterroristorganizations.
Illiteracyistherootcausesofextremismandterrorism.Morethanoneinfivemenaged15to24unabletoreadorwrite,
andonlyonein20isintertiaryeducation.suchahighilliteracyratehasmadePakistanvulnerabletoterrorism.
furthermore,technicalandvocationaleducation,andadultliteracy,areespeciallyimportantbutunfortunatelyhavebeen
neglectedthemostinBaluchistan,KhyberPukhtunkhwaandtheTribalAreas.
Poverty,itisalsoanincubatingcauseofterrorism.Anditissaidthat“ahungrymanisanangryman.”Notably,
majorityofpeopleinPakistanarelivingbelowpovertyline.Whileespeciallyfortheyoungsters,unemploymenthas
madethematterworse.Intheseadversecircumstances,somepeoplegotothelevelofextremismandevencommit
suicide.Thesearethepeoplewhoseservicesarehiredbytheterroristgroupsandtheybecomeeasypreytoterrorism.

4. Socio-economic causes
•Foodinsecurityisalsolinkedwithmilitancyandviolence.Whenpeopleremainunabletoaffordfoodandcannot
meettheirbasicneedscivilstrifegrows.AreportbytheIslamabad-basedSustainableDevelopmentPolicyInstitute
Thehighestlevelsoffoodinsecurity,forinstance,existintheFederallyAdministeredTribalAreas,accordingtothe
report,where67.7percentofthepeopleareinsecure.ThenexthighestlevelisinBaluchistan,withfoodinsecurityat
61.2percent,andtheninKhyber-Pukhtunkhwa,56.2percent.InPakistansomeextremistforcesareexploitingthe
feelingsoflowerandlowermiddleclassfoodinsecurepeople.Theyaremotivatingtheirunemployedyouthtocommit
heinous crimes such as suicide attacks against innocent people.
DissatisfactionWhenapersonisdissatisfiedwiththerulersandthinksthathisrightsarebeinghumiliatedorexiled,
hislivingoflifehasnotbeencompensated,heisdeprivedofrightfulinheritancetooffice,wronglyimprisonedand
propertyconfiscatedthenhejoinssomereligiousparties.Itdoesnotmatterwhichorganizationitwouldbe.Noneof
theorganizationshasanyimportanceforhim.Adoptinganorganizationwouldonlysavehimfromthecriticalsituation
heisinandleaveshimtoplayinthehandsofhisso-calledleaderswhodestroyhispublicsenseofsecurity.

5. Political causes
DemocraticturmoilToday’sPakistanisfacingdemocraticturmoil.ApathcharteredbythemilitaryregimeofAyub
Khan,YahyaKhanthenofZia-ul-HaqwasalteredbyyetanothermilitaryregimethatofMusharraf.Alltheseregimes
producedpoliticalinstability,poorgovernance,institutionalparalysis,bypassingtheruleoflaw,socio-economic
downfallandsoon.Thesefragileconditionsalongwithdeterioratinglawandordersituationhaveprovidedafertile
ground for terrorism to grow.
Lackofpropergovernmentset-upandlackofcoordinationandinformationsharingbetweenvariousinstitutionsof
governmentisalsoacauseofbehindtheescalatingterroristactivities.Nottotalkofprovidingsecuritytocommon
people,ourlawenforcingagencies(LEAs)havecompletelyfailedtoprotecthighofficialsofthecountry.Intheabsence
oflawandpropertrialtheterroristsareentrenchingtheirrootsfirmly.
FailureoftheLawEnforcementAgenciestobringtheterroristtobookhasemboldenedterrormongerstostrikeata
targetoftheirchoiceatwill.Schools,hospitals,marketsandplacesofworshiphavebecometheirfavouritetargets.

6. Religious cause
ReligionbecamethedominantforceduringtheZiaregimewhentheIslamizationoflawsandeducationbecameastate
policy.AndtheIslamiclegislationwaspromulgatedandanumberofIslamicenactmentsweremade,includingthe
Hudoodandblasphemylaws.OnemayalsomentionthevitalroleofthejihadisintheirfightagainsttheSovietmilitary
occupationwiththeAmericansupport,aswellasthegenerouspatronageextendedbythegovernmenttothereligious
partiesandgroups.Itmaybeaddedthatvariousreligiousgroupsbenefitedfromthesupporttheyreceivedfromabroad,in
particular from Saudia Arabia and Iran.
ReligiousMadrassahisnotsomethingnewfortheIslamorourcountry.ButafterRussianattackonAfghanistanittook
anewdimension.Theywerebeingusedasrecruitmentcentersforjihadis.ThousandsofMujahedeenweretrainedand
senttoAfghanistanforso-calledjihad.AfterthefallofRussia,asizeablenumberofthejihadiswhoreturnedtoPakistan
got involved in terrorist
activities.
Religiousintoleranceisanotherfactorwhichisaddingfueltothefireofterrorism.youth,educatedthroughreligious
Madrassahs,areindoctrinatedwithextremeideas.Theybecomeintoleranttowardsotherreligionsandevenothersectsof
theirownreligion.Theyimposetheirownextremeideasandventtheirfanaticismthoroughviolentactions.Intolerance
makessocietyjungle.Itisprovingdestructivephenomenonforsocialharmony,politicalstability,andeconomicgrowth.