Social Movements Notes ggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg

Social MVMT

1. Modern Women's Movements  Feminine Mystique A landmark 1963 book by Betty Friedan that challenged ________________________in society and sparked the second-wave feminist movement. Equal Pay Act A 1963 U.S. federal law that aimed to abolish _______________ based on sex, ensuring equal pay for equal work. Title IX A 1972 U.S. federal civil rights law that prohibits sex-based discrimination in any _____________________ receiving ____________ financial assistance. Roe v. Wade A landmark 1973 Supreme Court decision that _______________ nationwide, asserting a woman's right to privacy over her own body. ________________ by the supreme court in 2022. 

2. Native American Movements American Indian Movement:  A grassroots advocacy group founded in 1968 to address _____________________ , discrimination, and police brutality against Native Americans, and to promote cultural pride and sovereignty. Russell Means:  A prominent Oglala Lakota activist, actor, and member of the American Indian Movement known for his leadership in the 1973 Wounded Knee occupation and his efforts to advocate for Native American rights. Native Identity:  The collective sense of belonging and cultural connection among Indigenous peoples, encompassing shared __________________________ , and a distinct worldview tied to their _____________________ . Land Claims:  Legal demands by Indigenous tribes to ____________________ that were historically theirs, often involving treaties that were broken or ignored by federal and state governments.

3. Brown Power (Chicano) Cesar Chavez A Mexican-American labor leader and civil rights activist who co-founded the ____________________ and became a key figure in the Chicano movement, advocating for the rights of farmworkers through _______________________. United Farm Workers A labor union founded in 1962 by Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta that played a central role in the Chicano movement, fighting for ________________________________ for agricultural workers in the United States.

4. People with Disabilities Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA): is a law that makes available a ___________________ education (FAPE) to eligible children with disabilities throughout the nation and ensures ____________________ and related _____________ to those children. Previously known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. American Disability Acts (ADA): _____________ discrimination against people with _____________ in several areas, including ___________________ , public accommodations, _______________ and access to state and local government ____________ and ____________ .

5. Immigration Acts Immigration act of 1965 under President Lyndon B. Johnson ___________________ , opening the doors to "those who can _____________ most to this country – to its growth, to its strength, to its spirit.” Immigration act of 1986 required employers to attest to their employees’ ____________________ and made it _____________ to hire or recruit _______________ immigrants knowingly in an attempt to _______________ illegal immigration.

6. Rights of the Accused Famous court cases: Mapp v Ohio (1961): A case in which the Court decided that ____________ obtained _____________may not be used against someone in a court of law by the ___________________ . Gideon v Wainwright (1963): The ______ Amendment's guarantee of a _________________ of counsel applies to criminal defendants in state court by way of the _______________ Amendment. Miranda v Arizona (1966): The _____________ Amendment requires that ________________ officials advise suspects of their right _________________________during interrogations while in police custody.

7. Gay rights and LGBT Movement Stonewall Inn Riots (1969): New York City police raided the ________________ , a gay club located in Greenwich Village in New York City. The raid sparked a ________ among bar patrons and neighborhood residents, leading to ___________________ and violent clashes with law enforcement. The Riots served as a _________________________ in the United States and around the world. Obergefell v Hodges : A case in which the Court held that the ___________________ requires states to license and recognize ______________________.

8. Student Rights Engel v. Vitale (1962) A landmark Supreme Court case that ruled it unconstitutional for state officials to compose an ______________________ and encourage its recitation in public schools, reinforcing the _________________________ Tinker v. Des Moines School District (1969) A significant Supreme Court decision that upheld students' First Amendment rights, ruling that students do not "shed their constitutional rights to ______________________ at the schoolhouse gate. New Jersey v. TLO (1985) A Supreme Court case that established the standard of “ _____________________ " for searches conducted by public school officials, balancing students' Fourth Amendment rights against the school's interest in maintaining _________________________.

9. Environmental Rights Clean Air Act of 1970: federal law that ________________________ from both stationary and mobile sources. Clean Water Act of 1972 : establishes the basic structure for ____________________________ into the waters of the United States and regulating ____________________ for surface waters Endangered Species Act of 1973: A key U.S. federal law aimed at protecting and recovering __________________________ upon which they depend, promoting biodiversity and preventing extinction. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): A U.S. federal agency established in 1970 tasked with _____________________________________ by enforcing regulations and supporting conservation efforts to ensure clean air, water, and land.