socialisation.pptx

GAIN KNOELEDGE

1. SOCIALISATION By: Ms Gunjan Kandpal Lecturer

2.  What is the socialization Socialization is the process by which children and adults learn from others. Many people think that socialization is especially important for infants and children. Psychologists now realize that socialization continues all across the life span, as long as people continue to learn from social experiences.

3. DEfinition W.H. Ogburn says “Socialization is a process by which the individual learns to conform to the norms of the group”. Bogardus define “Socialization as the process of working together, of developing group responsibility, of being guided by welfare needs of others”. Green says “Socialization is the process which the child acquires a cultural content, along with selfhood and personality”. Peter Worsley explains socialization as the process of “transmission of culture, the process whereby men learn the rules and practices of social groups”.

4. How socialization is important 1. Socialization converts man, the biological being into man, the social being. • Man is not born social. 2. Helps to became disciplined. • Socialization is social learning. • It is the values, ideals, aims and objectives of life and the means of attaining them.

5. How socialization is important 3. Socialization contributes to the development of personality. Personality is a product of society. socialization is a process through which the personality of the new born child is shaped and molded. Through the process, the child learns an approved way of social life. At the same time, it also provides enough scope for the individual to develop his individuality.

6. How socialization is important 4. Helps to enact different roles. Every individual has to enact different roles in his life. Every role is woven around norms and is associated with different attitudes. The process of socialization assists an individual not only to learn the norms associated with roles but also to develop appropriate attitudes to enact those roles.

7. How socialization is important 5. Provides the knowledge of skills. Socialization skills help the individual to play economic, professional, educational, religious and political roles in his latter life. In primitive societies for, example, imparting skills to the younger generation in specific occupations was an important aspect of socialization.

8. Aims To become social and cultural being. To maintain social order by following social norms, standards. To develop hidden or latent talents in order to have contended life. To lead qualitative, meaningful life. To learn and fullfill social roles. For existence of specified pattern of behaviour. To mould and shape total personality of individual.

9. characteristics Continuous process Tool for transmission of culture Learning process Establishes limits on the individual through social interaction.

10. Process of Socialization Socialization is the process of learning group norms, ideals, habits, behaviours and customs. The process of Socialization starts long before the child is born. The parents courtship, marital selection, the customs concerning pregnancy and birth. Whole system of cultural practices surrounding the family are important for the child’s growth. But direct socialization begins only after birth.

11. Factors for the Process of socialization Four determining factors are there Suggestion Imitation Identification Language

12. Suggestion:  Suggestion is the process of communicating information which has no logical or self-evident basis. It may conveyed through language, pictures or some similar medium. Propaganda and advertising are based on the fundamental psychological principles of Suggestion.

13. Imitation Imitation is copying by an individual of the actions of another. Thus, when the child attempts to walk impressively like his father swinging a stick and wearing spectacles, he is imitating. Imitation may be conscious or unconscious, spontaneous or deliberate.

14. Identification The child cannot make any distinction between his organism and environment. Most of his actions are random. As he grows in age, he/she comes to know of the nature of things which satisfy his/her needs. He/she gradually indentified what he/she need for happy in his/her life.

15. Language Language is the medium of social intercourse. It is the means of cultural transmission. At first the child utters some random syllables which have no meaning, but gradually he come to learn his mother- tongue. Language moulds the personality of the individual form infancy.

16. Agents of Socialization Family and parents Peers or Age mates School Teachers Literature and Mass Media Religion

17. Family The process of socialisation beings for every one of us in the family. The intimate relationship between the mother and the child has a great impact on the shaping of child’s abilities and capacities. The parents are the first persons to introduce to the child the culture of his group . The child receives additional communications from his older siblings, i.e. brothers and sisters, who have gone through the same process – with certain differences due to birth order and to the number and sex of the siblings.

18. Peers or Age-mates ‘ Peer groups’ means groups made up of the contemporaries of the child, his associates in school, in playground and in street . He learns from these children, facts of culture that they have previously learnt at different times from their parents . The members of peer groups have other sources of information about the culture – their peers in still other peer groups – and thus the acquisition of culture goes on . The ‘peer culture’ becomes more important and effective than the ‘parental culture’ in the adolescent years of the child.

19. Students Child gets his education, which moulds his personality, develops ideas and attitudes. Well planned system of education will produce good citizens and socially defined personalities. It develops group feeling, joint planning and good interpersonal relationship. It enhances the standards of living, child acquires and transmits culture within the school.

20. Teachers The teachers also play their role in socialisation when the child enters the school. Next to parents, teachers have great influence on the child’s life. Teachers help the child to develop matured personality and child imitates and follows instruction laid by teacher.

21. Literature and Mass Media The civilisation that we share is constructed of words or literature . The ideas, public, opinion, attitudes, ideologies, tradition and culture are transformed through literature.

22. religion It promotes bond of unity and moulds the belief and ways of life. Religious ceremonies will shape the ideas of individuals. It controls the behavior of an individual, determines the course of life and shows the ideals.

23.  Types of socialisation Primary socialisation Anticipatory socialisation Developmental socialisation Re- Socialisation

24.  Types of socialisation Primary socialisation • This is the most essential and basic types of socialisation . • It takes place in the early years of life of the new-born individual. Anticipatory socialisation • Men not only learn the culture of the group of which they are immediate members. • They may also learn the culture of groups to which they do not belong.