Sociolinguistics Speech Communities

1. SPEECH COMMUNITIES WILDAN BILAL A. | 11211141037 RIZKY YULIA N. | 11211144008 JANJANG KASTORI | 11211144022

2. A community: a group of people with a shared set of activities, practices, beliefs, and social structures. A speech community: a group of people who share similar ideas, uses, and norms of language. Language variety: refers to a set of communicative forms and norms for their use that are restricted to a particular group, community or activities

3. They use the language according to a set of norms to share enough characteristics of pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary

4. Social network A nother way of describing a particular speech community in terms of relations among its individual members. Tight community : all members of one group interacting with each other. Looser community : little interaction among the members of a group

5. Internal/external language External language : all that happens among people in social contexts. Internal language : all which happens inside our minds

6. Five Key Elements for the Speech Community Foundational condition -Population -Area Improving condition -Facility -Identification -Interaction

7. Sociolinguistics : the study of language use within or among groups of speakers Group must have at least two members. R easons : social, religious, political, cultural, familial, vocational, etc.

8. The group may be temporary or quasi-permanent T he purposes of its members may change I ts members may come and go They may also belong to other groups and may or may not meet face-to-face. The organization of the group may be tight or loose T he importance of group membership is likely to vary among individuals within the group

9. What aspects may cause you to belong in a speech community & not in another? “S ociolinguistic variables ” Age Social Class Education Occupation/Hobbies Region/Space Family Religion Gender Ethnicity/Race

10. Intersecting Communities P eople do use expressions indicates that they have some idea of how a ‘typical’ person from each place speaks -> to be a member of a particular speech community somewhat loosely defined . E.g.: New York speech, London speech, South African speech

11. Linguistic Variable A linguistic item which has identified variants : Fishin / fishing/ fishen Car / cah With / wit / wif Latin / la?in thirty / thirdy Coffee / cowfee “It was a macao Tom not a parrot !” He’s happy / he be happy / he happy Climbed / clomb Look for a present for my mom / look for my mom a present

12. Each person speaks their own “typical” way according to its place of origin or specific speech community Rosen claims that cities cannot be thought of as a linguistic patchwork maps, ghetto after ghetto because: languages and dialects have no simple geographical distribution interaction between them blurs whatever b oundaries might be drawn

13. Network Relationships open network: provides open access to its users. Information is often new and of importance, a (serious) blogger and visitors of blog. closed network: mostly strong ties. I nformation that flows in those networks tends to be redundant and inefficient.

14. It is important to remember that group is a relative concept with respect to speech community. Also that an individual belongs to various speech communities, at the same time, but he/she will identify with only one of them. There is a link between structures of economic, social and political power and the use of language. That variation of the use of language is linked to other social systems of organization .

15. Do you think Hip Hop music can be considered a marker of personal or/and group identity? How? Why?

16. Who forms a part of the community? What do you share ? What connects you as a group? What is the community's purpose ?