solar energy application

solar energy application

1. UNIT 3-NON CONVENTIONAL
ENERGY
SOALR ENERGY APPLICATIONS

2. UNIT III NON-CONVENTIONAL
ENERGY
•Solar energy, solar thermal systems, flat plate collectors,
focusing collectors, solar water heating, solar cooling,
solar distillation, solar refrigeration, solar dryers, solar
pond, solar thermal power generation, solar energy
application in India, energy plantations
•Wind energy, types of windmills, types of wind rotors,
Darrieusrotor and Gravianrotor, wind electric power
generation, wind power in India, economics of wind farm
•ocean wave energy conversion, ocean thermal energy
conversion, tidal energy conversion, geothermal energy.

3. SOLAR ENERGY APPLICATIONS
•Energy from sun can be categorized in two ways: in the
form of heat and light.
•We use the solar energy every day in many different
ways.
•Plants make their food in the presence of sunlight.
•Animals and humans get food from plants.
•Fossil fuels are actually solar energy stored millions and
millions of years ago.
•There is variety of products that uses solar energy.
•These products are called solar devices (or appliances) or
solar thermal collectors.

4. SOLAR ENERGY APPLICATIONS
•Solar water heating
•Solar cooling
•Solar distillation
•Solar refrigeration
•Solar dryers
•Solar pond
•Solar thermal power generation
•Solar energy application in India
•Energy plantations

5. Solar water heating
•A solar water heating unit comprises a blackened flat
plate metal collector with an associated metal tubing
facing the general direction of the sun.
•The plate collector has a transparent glass cover above
and a layer of thermal insulation under it.
•The metal tubing of the collector is connected by a
pipe to an insulated tank that stores hot water during
cloudy days.

6. Solar water heating
•The collector absorbs solar radiations and transfers
the heat to the water circulating through the tubing
either by gravity or by a pump.
•This hot water is supplied to the storage tank via
the associated metal tubing.
•This system of water heating is commonly used in
hotels, guest houses, tourist bungalows, hospitals,
canteens as well as domestic and industrial units.

7. CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
•A thermal panel (solar collector) installed on
the roof
•A tank to store hot water
•Accessories, such as a circulating pump to
carry the solar energy from the collector to the
tank, and a thermal regulator.
(i)Natural circulation (thermo-syphon) system
(ii) Forced circulation system

8. Natural circulation (thermo-syphon)
system

9. Forced circulation system

10. Solar cooling
•Today, the increase of requirements for indoor
cooling thermal comfort for human inside residential
buildings, by the use of low-grade heat sources such
as solar energy and industrial waste heat
•It is reduces the energy consumption of air
conditioning processes as compare the conventional
vapor compression system.
•All above reasons make the solar cooling that has
been received much more attention as innovative,
promising, efficient, and environmentally friendly
cooling system as compare other system.

11. Classification
•Solar cooling systems can be classified into two main
categories according to the energy used to drive them:
•Solar thermal cooling systems and solar electric
cooling systems.
•In solar thermal cooling systems, the cooling process is
driven by solar collectors collecting solar energy and
converting it into thermal energy, and uses this energy
to drive thermal cooling systems
•whereas in solar electric cooling systems, electrical
energy that is provided by solar photovoltaic (PV)
panels is used to drive a conventional electric vapor
compressor air-conditioning system.

12. SOLAR ELECTRIC COOLING SYSTEMS.

13. Thermoelectric cooling systems
(The Peltier cooling system)

14. Solar distillation
•Solar distillationis the use ofsolarenergy to
evaporate water and collect its condensate
within the same closed system.
•Unlike other forms of water purification it can
turn salt or brackish water into fresh drinking
water (i.e. desalination).

16. Solar refrigeration

17. Solar Refrigeration
•Refrigerator which runs on electricity provided
by solar energy is known as solar refrigeration.
•Solar-powered refrigerators may be most
commonly used in the future generation.
•Developing the world to help mitigate poverty
and climate change.

18. Types of Refrigeration
•Refrigeration systems is broadly classified into
two types:
•Vapour Compression Refrigeration (VCR)
•(uses mechanical energy).
•Vapour Absorption Refrigeration (VAR)
•(uses thermal energy).

19. Vapour Compression Refrigeration:
•Highly compressed fluids tend to get colder
when allowed to expand.
•If pressure high enough,
•Compressed air hotter than source of cooling
•Expanded gas cooler than desired cold
temperature

21. Need of solar refrigeration
•Need refrigeration in areas not connected to
power grid
•Need to minimize environmental impact and
fuel cost
•Evaluate potential of solar energy to meet
these needs

22. Types of solar refrigeration:
•Photovoltaic Operated Refrigeration Cycle
•Solar Mechanical Refrigeration
•Absorption Refrigeration

27. Application of solar refrigeration:
•Solar energy should be given a chance if we
want to protect the environment.
•Refrigerators
•Freezers
•Ice-makers
•Coolers
•Building air-cooling systems

28. Solar dryers
•One of the traditional uses of solar energy has
been for drying of agricultural products.
•The drying process removes moisture and helps in
preservation of the product.
•Traditionally drying is done on open ground.
•The disadvantages associated with the traditional
system of drying are slow process, uncontrolled
drying, quality deterioration, and losses due to
birds, rodents and insects. Drying under solar
cabinet or convective dryers can be done faster
and in a controlled condition.

29. Direct type solar dryer/ cabinet dryer:

30. Indirect type of solar dryer/Convective
dryer:

31. Solar pond

32. Solar thermal power generation

33. Solar energy application in India
•India has tremendous scope of generating solar energy.
•The geographical location of the country stands to its
benefit for generating solar energy. The reason being India
is receives solar radiation almost throughout the year,
which amounts to 3,000 hours of sunshine.
•Almost all parts of India receive 4-7 kWh of solar
radiation per sqm.
•States like Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana,
Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan,
and West Bengal have great potential for tapping solar
energy due to their location.

34. Solar energy application in India
•Thar Desert has some of India’s best solar power projects,
estimated to generate 700 to 2,100 GW.
•On March 1st, 2014, the then Chief Minister of Gujarat,
inaugurated at Diken in Neemuch district ofMadhya Pradesh,
India’s biggest solar power plant.
•The Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM)
launched by the Centre is targeting 20,000 MW of solar energy
power by 2022
•Gujarat’s pioneering solar power policy aims at 1,000 MW of
solar energy generation.
•In July 2009, a $19 billion solar power plan was unveiled which
projected to produce 20 GW of solar power by 2020.

35. Solar energy application in India
•About 66 MW is installed for various applications in the
rural area, amounting to be used in solar lanterns, street
lighting systems and solar water pumps, etc.
•India is slowly gaining its prominence in the generation
of solar power due to the comprehensive and ambitious
state and the Centre’s solar policies and projects and
National Solar Mission.
•Solar power in Indiais a fast developing industry. The
country's solar installed capacity was 35,122MW as of
30 June 2020. India has the lowest capital cost per MW
globally of installingsolar powerplants

36. Solar energy application in India
•In 2014 budget, Finance Minister declared that the
Government has proposed an amount of 500 crore
rupees to develop some mega solar power plants in
Gujarat,Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, and Ladakh.
•He also said that solar power-driven agricultural
water pumping stations and 1 MW solar parks on
canal banks will be developed in the country at an
estimated cost of $74 million and $18.5 million,
respectively. Considering all these facts, we do have a
bright picture in front of us as India’s potential to be a
solar power driven country of the world.

38. Energy plantations
•Energy plantation is the practice of planting trees,
purely for their use as fuel.
•Biomassi.e.,the wood plants has been used since
long time to generate fire for cooking and other
purposes.
•In recent years, to meet the demand of energy,
plantation of energy plants has been re-
emphasized. It is well known fact that trees have
been intensively cut in Gangetic plains and coastal
belts, leaving the area totally denude.

39. Part A -Questions
•Write requirement of solar water heating.
•What are advantages of solar cooling methods
as compare conventional cooling methods.
•List out the solar distillation disadvantages.
•What are components used in solar
refrigeration?
•What do you mean solar dryer?
•What are basic requirement need to construct
solar bond?

40. Part A -Questions
•Write components used to solar thermal power
generation system.
•Write few possible advantages for solar energy
application in India.
•Define energy plantations.

41. Part B-Questions
•Solar water heating
•Solar cooling
•Solar distillation
•Solar refrigeration
•Solar dryers
•Solar pond
•Solar thermal power generation
•Solar energy application in India
•Energy plantations