Solar Tracking System for agriculture

Solar tracing

1. SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM TEAM MEMBERS: V.Uma Pranitha -99220041033 M.Reeshma – 99220040645 M.Divakar - 99220041736 V. Mareeswaran – 9823005007 Mohamed Afzal - 9922008232 Mentor- DR.A.Ram Kumar

2. AGENDA 01- Introduction 02- Literature Survey 03 -Problem Statement 04 -Block Diagram 05 -Description 06 -Simulink/Hardware used 07 -Work Plan 08 -Result 09 -References 2

3. 3 INTRODUCTION: In order to meet the need for environmentally friendly and sustainable power sources throughout the world, solar energy has emerged as a key answer. The combination of solar panel technology with sun position tracking systems is one of the cutting-edge methods that is taking solar energy to new heights. It optimizes the efficiency of energy harvesting. Maximize the capturing amount of sunlight Solar energy starts with the sun, an endless supply of clean, renewable energy. solar panels which are made up of photovoltaic cells, transform sunlight into energy. Fixed solar panels are often put in a static orientation, allowing them to collect sunlight.

4. 02 Sun tracking systems dynamically change the location of solar panels in real-time using a mix of sensors, actuators, and control algorithms. These systems, whether they are used in commercial, industrial, or domestic settings, represent a dedication to sustainability, energy efficiency, and the never-ending search for cleaner, greener power sources. The full potential of solar power as the world's attention turns increasingly toward renewable energy sources 4

5. LITERATURE SURVEY 5 SI Title of the Paper Name of the Journal , Volume,Issue,year Remark 1 A Review on Solar Tracking System and Their Classification Priti Debbarma , B.B. Bhowmika International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews January 2019, Volume 06, Issue 1 Design a two-axis solar tracker without using sensors for predicting the sun's apparent position. 2 Survey on Automatic Solar Tracking System Jaya Prakash S , Manjunatha R , Punith Gowda T International Journal of Innovations in engineering and Science. Volume. 3,issue No.5, 2018. Highlighting its microcontroller-based design. Tracking sunlight intensity for optimal energy yield and its potential commercial applications for increasing solar efficiency.

6. 6 SI Title of Paper Name of the Journal,volume , Issue,year Remark 3 Survey On Dual Axis Sun Solar Tracker Suraj Waghmare , Vallabh Sathe , Arpit Mandal Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research December 2020, Volume 7, Issue 12 Comprehensive overview of a dual-axis solar tracker's performance analysis Highlighting its effective use of components like Arduino, LDR, and servo motors to optimize energy generation across varying sky conditions 4 Analysis of Solar Tracker System to Increase the Efficiency of Solar Panel: A Study Mahipal Soni , DR. Deepika Chauhan Iconic Research And Engineering Journals March 2018 Volume 1 Issue 9 The potential of a solar tracker system with mirror boosting and automated cleaning Emphasizing significant power generation improvements . Proposing future work on hybrid systems for further optimization. 5 A Review on Design and Development of Dual Axis Solar Tracker Using Parabolic Solar Panel Aditya. R. Wankhade1 , Vinay. D. Betkar Research and Development in Machine Design Volume 3 ,Issue 1 ,2020 The design and development of a dual-axis solar tracker using a parabolic solar panel. Emphasizing the use of servo motors and LDR sensors to enhance power collection efficiency.

7. 7 PROBLEM STATEMENT : Tracking the position of the Sun Light. Optimize Solar Battery Management Systems for Efficiency , Safety usage. The data – driven methods used to achieve optimal solar panel tilt, alignment and tracking to maximize energy production throughout the day and across seasons .

8. MICRO CONTROLLER ADC DC Motor Motor driver COMPUTER MAX 232 KEYPAD LCD sensor Control unit Cells balancing C1 C2 C3 Inverter light sensor light sensor SOLAR PANEL Panel sensors Power monitoring sensor Wifi Module Battery Management Module Data Collection Block Diagram : 8

9. DESCRIPTION : Microcontrollers (MCUs) self-contained computers . They act as the "brains" of these devices, controlling their actions and enabling them to interact with the physical world and the internet. Key components : -Processor (CPU). -Memory. -Input/Output (I/O) peripherals. -Communication interfaces. Solar Panel : Absorb the sun's rays as a source of energy for generating electricity or heating. Key components:- -Solar cells. -Tempered Glass. -Junction box. DC motor, or direct current motor , is an electrical device that converts the energy of direct current (DC) electricity into mechanical energy, or rotation -It plays a crucial role in driving physical movement 9

10. Motor drivers play a crucial role in bridging the gap between low-power control signals and the high-power demands of motors in IoT applications. MAX232 component plays a crucial role as a versatile translator. It acts as a bridge between two different communication standards, ensuring smooth and reliable data exchange. Analog-to-digital converter (ADC): This is a device that converts a continuous analog signal, such as a sound wave or a voltage, into a discrete digital signal. -ADCs are essential for many electronic devices, such as cameras, microphones, and computers. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is a flat-panel technology commonly used in electronic devices like TVs and monitors. -It utilizes liquid crystals to modulate light, producing images. -LCDs offer sharp visuals, compact design, and widespread application in various consumer electronics. WiFi module is a compact device that enables electronic devices to connect to wireless networks. -It integrates essential components like a radio transceiver and antenna, facilitating communication with WiFi routers. -These modules support IEEE 802.11 standards, ensuring compatibility with various networks. 10

11. Battery management module is a vital component overseeing the performance and safety of rechargeable batteries. Tasks performed : - Cell voltage Monitoring. - Cell Balancing. - Temperature , Current Monitoring. Key Components: - Voltage and Temperature sensor. - Balancing circuits - Microcontroller - Communication interfaces - Protectivity Circuitry(fuses, relay) - This module employs algorithms to prevent overcharging, over-discharging, and overheating, safeguarding battery life and preventing potential hazards. - Safety of batteries in applications ranging from electric vehicles to portable electronic devices. Panel and power management sensors are crucial components in electronic devices. -Panel sensors monitor display aspects, adjusting brightness and color based on ambient light. -Power management sensors optimize energy usage, regulating power supply to components for efficiency. Together, they enhance device performance, user experience, and energy efficiency. Inverter is an electronic device that converts direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC). -It plays a key role in powering devices like solar panels, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and variable-speed motor drives by transforming the energy from DC sources into the AC needed for various applications. 11

12. HARDWARE : - Solar Panel - Microcontroller - DC Motors - Motor Drivers -Data collection Sensors -Battery Management Module -Inverter 12

13. Work Plan: MONTH 1ST WEEK 2ND WEEK 3 RD WEEK 4 TH WEEEK 5 TH WEEK J AN Presentation, gathering information Requirements and Planning(Estimating budget) Working of the sensors and connections. FEB Choosing Resourses like SoftWare Platforms,Data Storage Preparing The Algorithm Preparing The Program Preparing The Program MAR Modelling the Requirements in Software and Evaluating The Program Preparing Final Presentation APR Final Review 13

14. Result : The dual-axis solar tracker project presented a significant advancement in solar energy harvesting. By incorporating a solar panel and an intricate tracking system involving light-dependent resistors (LDRs), a microcontroller, and a servo motor, the project aimed to optimize the solar panel's alignment with the sun. The research highlighted the dual-axis solar tracker's superiority over stationary and single-axis tracking systems, showcasing its potential to enhance energy collection efficiency. Overcharging, over-discharging, and overheating, safeguarding battery life and preventing potential hazards were provided by battery management System. The use of LDR sensors and a servo motor enabled precise tracking in both horizontal and vertical axes, ensuring the solar panel maintained an optimal position relative to the sun throughout the day. The project's success in minimizing tracking errors while maximizing solar energy capture. 14

15. REFERENCES: 1. Chetan Singh Solanki (2015). “Solar Photovoltaics- Fundamentals, Technologies and Applications”. Department of Energy Science and Engineering, IIT,Bombay . 2. Mayank Kumar Lokhande (2014). “Automatic Solar Tracking System”. Journal of Core Engineering & Management, Volume 1. 3. Guiha Li, Runsheng Tanf , Hao Zhong (2011). “Optical Performance of Horizontal Single-Axis Tracked Solar Panels”, Solar Energy Research Institute Yunnan Normal University,China . 4. Rizk J. and Chaiko Y (2008). “Solar Tracking System: More Efficient Use of Solar Panels”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology. 5. Imam Abadi, Adi Soeprijanto , Ali Musyafa (2015). “Design of Single Axis Tracking System at Photovoltaic Panel Using Fuzzy Logic Controller”, Department of Engineering Physics and Electrical Engineering, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya. 6. Ashwin R , JoshuaraI Immanuel K , Lalith Sharavn C, Ravi Prasad P.S, Varun A.K (2014). “Design and Fabrication of Single Axis Solar Tracking System” Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering. 7. Gama M Dousoky , Abou- Hashema , M ELSAYED, Masahito Shoyama (2011).“Maximizing Energy Efficiency In Single Axis Solar Tracker Photovoltaic Panels”. 8th International Conference on Power Electronic-ECCE Asia. 8. Anusha, K., S. Chandra, and Mohan Reddy (2013). ”Design and Development of Real Time Clock Based Efficient Solar Tracking System”. 9. Tudorache , Tiberiu, Constantin Daniel Oancea , and Lliviu Kreindler (2012). “Performance Evaluation of a Solar Tracking PV Panel”. Bucharest Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical Engineering. 10.Hussian S. Akbar, Muayyad N. Fathallah, Ozlim O. Raoof (2017). “Efficient Single Axis Tracker Design for Photovoltaic System Applications”. Physics Department, College of Science, Kirkuk University and Electronic Department, Kirkuk Technical College. 15 15