SpaceDebrispptfinal22iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii.pptx

about space debris

1. 01 03 02 04 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION What are space debris?? Solution Our team idea to prevent this immense problem Problem and it's effects How these are created and Why we have to clean?? References From where our facts and figures can be checked.

2. INTRODUCTION What are space debris?? 01

3. Space Debris

4. S pace debris , also called  space junk, artificial material that is orbiting Earth but is no longer functional . It can also refer to smaller things, like bits of debris that have fallen off a rocket. What is Space Debris??

5. WHOA! This can be the part of the presentation where you introduce yourself, write your email,your phone number…

6. Problem and it's effects   How these are created and Why we have to clean?? 02

7. Collision with Other satellite. More and more debris generated by existing debris. Can block Earth’s orbital. Create problem in future space missions. It can cause following issues

8. 787,402 in is the distance between the troposphere and the surface of Earth and continues an approximate height of 40 to 50 km to the atmosphere

9. Solution Our team idea to prevent this immense problem. 03

10. ** Technologies used -:  >>A.I. Collision detection       system.                >> Solar Electric Propulsion                 (SEP).                              >> Trajectory  prediction                                   system. Note – Whole system is installed on   a satellite to function. 1. GuardianSat :

11. Data Collection : The system would gather data from various sources, such as onboard sensors, ground-based radar systems, and space surveillance networks. This data could include the satellite's position, velocity, orientation, and information about other objects in its vicinity. Object Catalog: The system would maintain a catalog of known satellites, space debris, and other relevant objects. This catalog would be regularly updated using information from ground-based tracking systems and other reliable sources. Collision Risk Assessment : The AI system would analyze the predicted trajectories and assess the risk of potential collisions. It would consider factors such as the proximity of objects, their relative velocities, and the uncertainty in the trajectory predictions. Alert Generation : If the system identifies a high-risk collision scenario, it would generate an alert to notify the satellite operators or ground control. The alert would include relevant information about the potential collision, allowing operators to take appropriate action. Collision Avoidance Maneuvers: Based on the received alerts, satellite operators can decide on the best course of action to avoid the potential collision. This could involve executing collision avoidance maneuvers, adjusting the satellite's orbit, or coordinating with other satellite operators for joint maneuvers. Learning and Adaptation: Over time, the AI system can learn from past collision events and near-misses to improve its predictions and collision risk assessments. It can adapt its algorithms and models to account for new objects, changing conditions, and updated orbital data. >>A.I. Collision detection system.

12. Solar Power Generation : Solar panels on the spacecraft capture sunlight and convert it into electrical energy. These panels can be made up of photovoltaic cells that directly convert sunlight into electricity or concentrated solar arrays that focus sunlight onto high-efficiency solar cells. Power Conditioning: The electrical energy generated by the solar panels is conditioned and regulated to meet the specific requirements of the propulsion system. This may involve voltage regulation, current control, and conversion to the appropriate voltage levels for different subsystems. Power Distribution: The conditioned electrical power is distributed to various components of the propulsion system, including the ion thruster and other onboard systems. Ionization : In an ion thruster, a propellant, often xenon gas, is introduced into an ionization chamber. Within the chamber, electrons are stripped from the propellant atoms or molecules, creating positively charged ions. Ion Acceleration: The positively charged ions are then accelerated by applying an electric field. This field is created by a system of electrodes within the thruster. As the ions gain energy, they are expelled from the thruster at high velocities, creating a thrust. Exhaust Velocity : One of the key advantages of solar electric propulsion is that it can achieve significantly higher exhaust velocities compared to chemical propulsion systems.   Thrust Management : The thrust generated by the ion thruster can be controlled and modulated by adjusting the electric field strength and propellant flow rate. This allows for precise control of spacecraft velocity and trajectory adjustments. >> Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP)

13. Initial Conditions: The system collects or is provided with the initial conditions of the object, which typically include its position, velocity, orientation, and sometimes other parameters like mass, atmospheric conditions, or external forces acting upon it. Mathematical Modeling: The system applies mathematical models and equations to simulate the object's motion. These models can range from simple kinematic equations to more complex dynamic models that account for factors such as gravitational forces, air resistance, wind conditions, and other external influences. Numerical Integration: The system employs numerical integration techniques to solve the equations of motion and calculate the object's trajectory over time. These numerical methods break down the problem into discrete steps and iteratively update the object's position and velocity at each step. Environmental Factors: The system incorporates information about the environment in which the object is moving. For example, in the case of a spacecraft, it might consider gravitational forces from celestial bodies, atmospheric drag, solar radiation pressure, or the presence of other objects such as satellites or space debris. Time Step Control: The system determines an appropriate time step for the numerical integration based on factors like the object's speed, acceleration, and the desired accuracy of the prediction. A smaller time step allows for more precise calculations but increases computational requirements. Prediction Horizon: The system predicts the object's trajectory over a specified time horizon, which could range from seconds to days or even longer, depending on the application. The length of the prediction horizon may depend on the object's intended mission, safety considerations, or the need for course corrections. >> Trajectory prediction system

14. ** Technologies used -: >> Satellite malfunctioning and retire                       detection system using A.I.                       >> Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP).                                       >>Falling  location                                            programmed chipset. Note – Whole system is installed on a satellited to function. 2. EcoSat :

15. Data Collection: The system collects various data from the satellite, including telemetry data, sensor readings, operational parameters, and historical performance logs. This data serves as the basis for analyzing the satellite's behavior and detecting anomalies. Training and Model Development: Machine learning models, such as supervised or unsupervised algorithms, are trained using historical data to recognize patterns associated with malfunctioning or retirement events. This involves labeling data instances where malfunctions or retirements have occurred to guide the learning process. Real-time Monitoring: The trained AI models are deployed in real-time to continuously monitor the incoming data from the satellite. The models compare the current behavior of the satellite with learned patterns and generate alerts or warnings when anomalies are detected. Decision Support System: The system incorporates a decision support component that analyzes the detected anomalies and provides recommendations or actions to be taken. It can suggest diagnostic procedures, initiate self-checking routines, or notify ground control for further investigation. Retire Prediction and Maintenance Planning: The system can utilize predictive analytics techniques to forecast potential retirement events based on the monitored data and historical patterns. Adaptive Learning and Improvement: The AI models and algorithms can continuously learn from new data and adapt their anomaly detection capabilities over time. Feedback mechanisms can be employed to incorporate user feedback, domain expertise, or updated knowledge to improve the detection accuracy and reduce false positives. >>Satellite malfunctioning and retire detection system using A.I.

16. Solar Power Generation: Solar panels on the spacecraft capture sunlight and convert it into electrical energy. These panels can be made up of photovoltaic cells that directly convert sunlight into electricity or concentrated solar arrays that focus sunlight onto high-efficiency solar cells. Power Conditioning: The electrical energy generated by the solar panels is conditioned and regulated to meet the specific requirements of the propulsion system. This may involve voltage regulation, current control, and conversion to the appropriate voltage levels for different subsystems. Power Distribution: The conditioned electrical power is distributed to various components of the propulsion system, including the ion thruster and other onboard systems. Ionization: In an ion thruster, a propellant, often xenon gas, is introduced into an ionization chamber. Within the chamber, electrons are stripped from the propellant atoms or molecules, creating positively charged ions. Ion Acceleration: The positively charged ions are then accelerated by applying an electric field. This field is created by a system of electrodes within the thruster. As the ions gain energy, they are expelled from the thruster at high velocities, creating a thrust. Exhaust Velocity: One of the key advantages of solar electric propulsion is that it can achieve significantly higher exhaust velocities compared to chemical propulsion systems. Thrust Management: The thrust generated by the ion thruster can be controlled and modulated by adjusting the electric field strength and propellant flow rate. This allows for precise control of spacecraft velocity and trajectory adjustments. >> Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP)

17. Trajectory Calculation: Prior to the descent, the programmed chipset would determine the desired landing location on Earth. This location could be predetermined based on mission requirements or updated dynamically during the descent. Descent Mechanism: The chipset may rely on various mechanisms to control its descent, such as parachutes, airfoils, or thrusters. The choice of mechanism would depend on factors like the chipset's size, weight, desired landing accuracy, and atmospheric conditions. Guidance and Navigation: The chipset may employ onboard sensors, such as GPS receivers or inertial measurement units, to determine its position, velocity, and orientation during the descent. This information is used in conjunction with the desired trajectory to guide the chipset towards the target landing location. Control Algorithms: Control algorithms are implemented in the chipset to adjust the descent trajectory and ensure that it aligns with the desired landing location. These algorithms may consider external factors like wind conditions and adjust the descent path accordingly. Real-time Tracking and Adjustment: The chipset can communicate with ground-based tracking systems to receive updates on its position and make necessary adjustments to its trajectory. This allows for real-time course corrections and fine-tuning to reach the intended landing location. >> Falling location programmed chipset.

18. 04 Refrences From where we detect this problem and collect facts and figures.

19. NASA Some imporatant links : FORBES https://www.forbes.com https://www.nasa.gov › mission_pages › tdm › sep STATISTA https://www.statista.com ISRO https://www.isro.gov.in › SSA