Spirillaceae

3 genera :
1) Treponema
2) Leptospira
3) Borrelia

1.   Spirillaceae

2. Spirochaetes Spirochaetaceae Leptospiraceae Spirillaceae Treponema Borrelia Leptospira Spirillum Family : Species: Bacteria:

3. What is spirillacea ? rigid spirally curved elongate bacteria Spirillaceae  is a family of bacteria Spirochaetes It has been described as a member of Nitrosomonadales   ,in Betaproteobacteria Spiral shape o f Spirillaceae

4. Domain : Bacteria Phylum : Protobacteria Class : Betaprotobacteria Order : Nitrosomonadales Family : Spirillaceae Genera : spirillum

5. Characteristics Type : Gram negative bacteria Shape : long ,  helically  coiled (spiral-shaped) cells Nature : chemoheterotrophic L engths : between 5 and 250 µm and diameters around 0.1-0.6  µm Special : Differ from other bacteria by the location of the flagella / axial fillament which located between the bacterial inner membrane and  outer membrane  in  periplasmic space .

6. Cont’d Mobility : Effect of the flagella cause a twisting motion which allows the spirochaete to move about . Reproduction : a spirochaete will undergo asexual  transverse binary fission . Others : Most spirochaetes are free-living and  anaerobic gram- stained spirochaetes

7. Various screw bacteria Borrelia , b ) Treponema , c) Leptospira

8. Spirillum undulata b) Spirillum rubrum c ) Spirillum volutans d) Vibrio cholerae   In studying movement of bacteria the student should not confuse it with "Brownian movement", the trembling of minute objects when highly magnified. This is likely due to a molecular bombardment.

9. Disease Spirillum minus   and Streptobacillus moniliformis arespecies of  Spirillum . Spirillum minus cause rat-bite fever Rat Bite Fever ??  illness caused by bacteria   transmitted by rodents, rats,   in most cases, which is passed from rodent to human via the rodent's urine or mucous secretions.

10. Effects of Rat-Bite fever

11. KILL THIS DISEASE SPREADER !! Trouble maker!!