Spirulina cultivation

How to make Spirulina Cultivation profitable?

1. Production of Plant protein using Spirulina Submitted to : Dr. Kalyan ghadei Department of Extension Education SUBMITTED BY : SHASHI SHEKHAR B.SC. (AG) PART IV ID NO. 14140

2. BACKGROUND For adults the protein requirement per kg body weight is considered to be the same for both sexes at all ages and body weights within the acceptable range. The value accepted for the safe level of intake is 0.75 g per kg per day, in terms of proteins with the digestibility of milk or egg. This amounts to: 56 grams per day for the average sedentary man. 46 grams per day for the average sedentary woman. One kg of dry spirulina powder is being sold at Rs. 1,000 in the market.

3. Diets High in Plant Protein are Linked to Many Benefits Lower Risk of Heart Disease Reduced Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Protection Against Weight Gain Correlation Does Not Imply Causation

4. GLOBAL HUNGER INDEX 2017 India has ranked 100 among 119 developing countries as per report titled “ 2017 global hunger Index : The Inequalities of hunger” With score of 31.4, India is at the high end of “serious” hunger problem category and one of the main factors pushing South Asia to the category of the worst-performing region. India has seen low improvement in hunger prevalence despite being world’s second largest food producer, and world’s fastest growing economy. India’s poor performance shows country’s stubbornly high proportions of malnourished children – with about 21 percent Indian children under five suffer from wasting and 38.4 percent from stunting.

5. T o develop innovative, cost-effective and resource-efficient food T o significantly enhance the quality and quantity of proteins New age employment generation To fight against malnutrition particularly in child and women To enhance food security in India OBJECTIVE OF PROJECT

6. MISSION AND VISION Our mission is to work with National Nutrition Mission’s target i.e., NNM targets to reduce stunting, under-nutrition, anemia   (among young children, women and adolescent girls)  and reduce low birth weight by 2%, 2%, 3% and 2% per annum respectively. 

7. Name of Project : Production of Plant Protein using Spirulina Duration of the Project : 300 days Timeline to start the project : Feb 2019 to Nov 2019 Area Required : 100 * 5 sq metres Geography of Proposed Project : Kaimur District, Bihar, India PROPOSED PROJECT About Kaimur : Location – 84 E longitude and 26 N latitude in central based border of Bihar Average temperature – 30 degree Celsius Climate – Tropical climate Area – 8, 268 sq. km

8. Spirulina is a type of naturally occurring blue-green micro-algae which can be grown in warm water alkaline water conditions. Spirulina can be grown in wild waters and at home/indoors. As algae can absorb toxins from the environment, most of the people showing interest to grow Spirulina indoors or at home under controlled conditions. WHAT IS SPIRULINA?

9. Spirulina used in the manufacture of several medicines and cosmetics, The following are some of the health benefits of Spirulina. Spirulina Strengthens the immune system. It improves the digestion. Spirulina may prevent from certain type of cancers. It is good for women and children since it contains easy to absorb iron supplements. It is excellent source of beta carotene hence can consider this as good anti-oxidant and good for eye health Good for muscle building SPIRULINA USES AND HEALTH BENEFITS :

10. The Immune System Miracle Worker (San Francisco Medical Research Foundation ) Worlds’ Most Powerful Food ( biotech-firm.com) Spirulina is the most ideal food for mankind (United Nations Recommendation) Spirulina: Food for the future (Publication by the USDA – United States Department of Agriculture ). “There is a need for both national governments and inter-governmental organizations to re-evaluate the potential of Spirulina to fulfil both their own food security needs as well as a tool for their overseas development emergency response efforts” – The UN-Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) Report on Spirulina 2008 . “For WHO, Spirulina represents an interesting food for multiple reasons, rich in iron and protein, and is able to be administered to children without any risk. We at WHO consider it a very suitable food.” – United Nations World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland June 8Th, 1993 Spirulina- was declared by the United Nations World Food Conference of 1974 as the best food for the future. WHAT SOME INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS HAVE SAID ABOUT SPIRULINA:

11. You must have a tank with your preferable size. It can be a cement or plastic . In order to harvest and squeeze the water out of thick Spriluna , you must have some kind of harvesting equipment like fine cloth and mesh . You may require Thermometer, air pump (for agitation), water pump for circulation, pH meter, Electric water heater, and any LED lights . Plain water may not be good option for growing Spirulina, so you need to buy minerals for better growth of algal. This food or cultural medium is mandatory for growing this super food . Plain filtered water plus Sodium bicarbonate plus Magnesium sulfate plus Potassium nitrade plus Citric acid plus Common salt plus Urea plus Calcium chloride plus Iron sulfate plus Ammonium sulfate make the perfect cultural medium. REQUIREMENTS  TO GROW SPIRULINA :-  METHODOLOGY

12. Spirulina thrives best in warm temperatures and ideal temperatures for its growth is between 25 and 38 degrees Celsius. Though this can tolerate low temperatures , it is always better to provide warm climatic conditions. You can use water heaters to increase the required temperature . You need Spirulina seeds to start your culture or you can buy Spirulina starter kit in any organic store . Spirulina starter kit contains the mother Spirulina culture (algae) in the bottle along with medium (water). You must make sure to buy from certified store . Though it can be grown in any size of tank, the preferable tank size is about 10 feet x 5 feet x 1.5 feet. Fill this tank with 1000 litres of water to a height of about 1 – 2 feet. This tank size requires an about 1 kg of Spirulina mother culture. This Spirulina culture along with required minerals should be released into the tank. The minerals requires for this scenario is 8 grams of sodium bi carbonate plus 5 grams of sodium chloride plus0.2 grams of urea plus 0.5 grams of potassium sulphate plus 0.16 grams of magnesium sulphate plus 0.052 ml of phosphoric acid plus 0.05 ml of ferrous sulphate. These measurements should be considered for 1 litre of water. After releasing the mother culture and minerals into the tank , the water should be agitated every day for 1 week using a long stick for 25 to 30 minutes . Drying racks needed in case of more production to dry the produce and preserve it.

13. Light : Growing area (tank/pool/basins) should have proper sunlight as Spirulina is like a plant and need light to survive . Temperature:  Requires temperature maintenance in tanks for maximum yield . The agitation:   Frequent agitation should be carried out to ensure all the Spirulina filaments have access to Co2 and light . The Cultural Medium:  Ensure to have right culture medium and perfect water for better growth and high yield . PARAMETERS FOR GROWING SPIRULINA:

14. After 2 to 3 weeks Spirulina will be ready to pick . Use any small and clean plastic buckets or a mesh to collect the algae and pour the algae into a mounted filter. This can squeeze/drain the excess water from harvested algae. Subsequently, the drained Spirulina should be wrapped in a clean muslin cloth. Press the drained material under a weight of 40 to 50 kg to further drain the moisture from material. Now you can put in like noodle manufacturing machines and squeeze in the form of noodles on a dry, clean cloth under the sun. Allow this to dry further for 2 to3 hours after which it should be ground in a machine (like a flour machine). The ground Spirulina powder ls be sent to the lab for testing. Once everything is fine, then it should be packed in small airtight plastic covers, and is ready for market and consumption. HARVEST  AND POST-HARVESTING IN SPIRULINA GROWING:-

15. MARKET OF PLANT PROTEIN Global plant based protein market is expected to reach USD 10,892.3 million by 2022 supported by a CAGR of 6.7% during the forecast period of 2017 to 2022.  Asia Pacific is an emerging market for the plant protein market globally. The emerging economy of developing nations, increase in population has increased the protein demand in the region. Plant proteins are the ingredients derived from plant sources such as soy, wheat, pea, hemp which are rich in amino acid profiles owing to provide great nutritional benefits on health. Plant protein by the soy source has contributed the largest market in the region.

16. BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY IN INDIA First, they met with Dr. Siva Subramanian, a highly respected international algae expert who handled several industrial projects and published more than 100 research articles in national and international journals. He is one of the core committee of experts on second generation bio-fuels , Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India and member of monitoring committee member of Council of Scientific and Industrial research (CSIR) and Department of Biotechnology (DBT), New Delhi, India for projects on biofuels from marine microalgae. He is also a member of PAMC (Project approval and monitoring committee) of National Programme on CO2 Sequestration (NPCS) Research of the Department of Science and Technology (DST).

17. THE STUDENTS AT ST. JOSEPH COLLEGE DURING THE LECTURE BY SPIRULINA.NETWORK MANAGMENT

18. CASE STUDY

19. SUPPORTING ORGANISATION AND INSTITUTION

20. SPIRULINA PROTEIN BASED PRODUCT

21. ESTIMATED COSTS OF A PILOT SPIRULINA FARM Estimated costs of starting a 500 sq. m pilot spirulina farm Serial No. Contents Amounts 1 Total price of land ₹ 160,000 2 Building costs ₹ 240, 000 3. Landscaping ₹ 80, 000 4. Security Lightening ₹ 40, 000 5. Independent production units ₹ 1, 080, 000 6. Shared Structures ₹ 312,000 Total Setup cost: ₹ 1, 912, 000 Estimates for Setup

22. Serial No. Contents Amount 1. Culture cost ₹ 8, 000 2. Medium Preparation fertiliser ₹ 16, 000 3. Farm Manager ₹ 25, 000 4. Lab operator ₹ 20, 000 6. Gardner ₹ 16, 000 7. Guard ₹ 16, 000 8. Total labour cost per month ₹ 18, 000 Total operation Cost per month ₹ 119, 000 Estimates for operation

23. Estimates of Production Serial Number Contents Amount A. Total Expected output (5 kg per day) B. Wholesale price per kg (₹ 4, 000) A + B ₹ 20, 000 C. Direct Cost per day ₹ 3, 967 Gross profit per day ₹ 16, 033 Gross profit per month (30 Days) = 16, 033 * 30 = ₹ 480, 990 Total Expected net profit per month = ₹ 480, 000 - ₹ 119, 000 = ₹ 361, 000 Estimate for Project : Set up cost + First month operational cost = 1, 912, 000 + 119, 000 = 2, 031, 000

24. REFERENCES healthline.com ; Animal vs Plant Protein - What's the Difference ? ifpri.org ; Global Hunger Index 2017 agrifarming.in ; Growing Spirulina At Home Information paramountspirulina.com ; Health benefit of Spirulina thehindu.com ; Spirulina cultivation: low investment, high income a kvopedia.com ; Spirulina farming fao.org ; A review on culture, production and use of Spirulina as food row-organic-spirulina.com ; Exploring Business Opportunities In India With Spirulina Network bioforsk.no ; Antenna foundation y outube.com ; Visit a local culture of spirulina in Maduari youtube.com ; production and distribution of spirulina (India)