SPLINTING IN ORTHOPAEDICS.explains about various spilint

Splinting in orthopedics..

1. SPLINTING IN ORTHOPAEDICS
Dr PrasannaKumar
Dr Vivekanandhan
DEPARTMENT OF ORTHOPAEDICS

2. Pre test evaluation
1) How to apply a splint in a fractured limb
By immobilizing one
joint above the
fracture site
By immobilizing one
joint below the
fracture site
By immobilizing one
joint above and one
joint below the
fracture
By immobilizing two
joints above and one
joint below the
fracture

3. Pre test evaluation
2) Which of the following parameters must be
checked after applying a splint
Distal vascularity Neurological status
Both None of the above

4. SPLINT
An external device used to immobilize an injured
or fractured limb or joint

5. Aim
•Immobilize the injured area
•Reduce pain
•Prevent further deformity
•Maintain Range of movements
•Allow room for swelling at the injured site
•Prevent injury to surrounding area

6. Conditions other than fractures
•Sprain/muscle strain
•Ligament injury
•Soft tissue injury
•Neurological
conditions like
MS,CP,spina bifida
etc.
•Joint instability
•Peripheral neuropathy
•Arthritis
•Post surgery

7. Types of splints
CAST
SPICA
SLAB
Encircles the
entire
circumference
of limb
Connected to
the trunk
Encircles two
third of limb
circumference

8. Brace
A device fitted to weak or injured part of body
to give support

9. Principles of casting and splinting
•Expose the affected area properly
•Check the neurovascular status of affected part
•Cover all open wounds with sterile dressing
•Do not move the patient before splinting
•One joint above and one joint below

10. Pre requisites
•Give the patient a brief description of what is going to
be done
•Remove clothes from the affected site
•Preferably splint in the position the fracture presents
itself
•Document initial observations
•Support the limb above and below the joint

11. •Remove ornaments of any kind from the entire limb area
•Inspect circulation – use 5Ps ( Pain, Palor, Pulselessness,
Paresthesia and Paralysis )
•Properly pad all the bony promiences
•Do not apply the splint too tightly
•Post application should check for circulation and
neurological function of the part distal to the splinted part

12. Explain to the patient about-
•How to take care of the splint based on the
material used
•Routine self evaluation of neurovascular status
•Possible complications
•What to do once the complications arise

13. Materials
•Malleable spint with plastic and foam
•Wodden boards
•Cardboards
•Plaster of paris roll
•Fibre glass cast roll

14. Common splints used in
hospital practice

15. MALL
MALLEABLE SPLINT

16. Thomas splint
Initially used for tuberculosis
knee
Immobilize fracture femur
anywhere
Transportation of injured person

17. Cock up splint
•Radial nerve palsy
•Wrist fractures
•2
nd
to 5
th
metacarpal
fractures
•Soft tissue hand or
wrist injuries
•Maintains the wrist in
functional position
•Can be static or
dynamic

18. Bohler braun splint
Self contained traction unit
4 pulleys
1- calcaneal and distal tibial
traction
2- supracondylar distal
femur traction
3- proximal tibial traction
4- prevent equinus
deformity
1
4
2
3

19. Knucle bender splint
Ulnar and
median nerve
palsy

20. Turn buckle splint
Volkman’s ischemic
contracture

21. Aeroplane splint
Brachial plexus injury/ Erb’s
palsy

22. Dennis brown splint
CTEV

23. Developmental
dysplasia of hip

24. Pavlik harness splint

25. Thumb spica splint
Metacarpal fracture
Scaphoid fracture
Game keeper’s thumb

26. Colle’s cast
Colle’s fracture
Palmar flexion
Ulnar deviation

27. Glass holding cast
Scaphoid fracture
Dorsi-flexion
Ulnar deviation
Glass holding position

28. Hanging cast/ U slab
Humerus
fracture

29. Hip spica cast
Pediatric femur fractures

30. Cylinder / Tube cast
Patellar fracture

31. Post test evaluation
1) How to apply a splint in a fractured limb
By immobilizing one
joint above the
fracture site
By immobilizing one
joint below the
fracture site
By immobilizing one
joint above and one
joint below the
fracture
By immobilizing two
joints above and one
joint below the
fracture

32. Post test evaluation
2) Which of the following parameters must be
checked after applying a splint
Distal vascularity Neurological status
Both None of the above

33. Thank you