Sprain and Strain

what is a sprain and what is the strain, define sprain and grading of sprain, strain and grading of strain, symptoms, causes, treatment, RICE protocol, exercise, prevention, healing of sprain and strain

1. Sprain and Strain Presented by: Shalu Thariwal

2. A sprain is a stretch or tear of a ligament (band of fibrous tissue that connects two or more bones at a joint); stretched too far from normal position Most common: - ankle sprain Grade I - structural damage only on microscopic level, with slight local tenderness and without joint instability. Grade II - partial tear (rupture) of the ligament, visible swelling and noticeable tenderness, but without joint instability (or with mild instability). Grade III - a severe sprain: complete rupture of the ligament with significant swelling and with instability of the joint Sprain

3. A strain is an injury to a muscle or tendon (thick, tough fibrous cord of tissue that connects a muscle to a bone) Most common: back strain Grade I (mild) strains affect only a limited number of fibers in the muscle. There is no decrease in strength and there is full active and passive range of motion. Pain and tenderness are often delayed to the next day. Grade II (moderate) strains have nearly half of muscle fibers torn. Acute and significant pain is accompanied by swelling and a minor decrease in muscle strength. Grade III (severe) strains represent complete rupture of the muscle. This means either the tendon is separated from the muscle belly or the muscle belly is actually torn in 2 parts. Severe swelling and pain and a complete loss of function are characteristic for this type of strain. Strain

4. Grades of sprain and strain

5. Causes of injury

6. ACUTE INJURIES: caused by a sudden trauma such as a fall, twist, or blow to the body. Examples of an acute injury include sprains, strains, and contusions. OVERUSE INJURIES: Overuse injuries occur gradually over time. when an athletic or other activity is repeated so often, areas of the body do not have enough time to heal between occurrences. Tendinitis and bursitis are common soft-tissue overuse injuries. CAUSES

7. For a sprain: Pain, swelling, bruising, not being able to move the joint. S train: Pain, muscle spasm and weakness, swelling, cramp, bruise, inability to use the muscle. Clinical features

8. Treatment

9. Treatments for Sprains & Strains

10. Time needed for full recovery: Mild sprain/strain: three to six weeks Moderate sprain/strain: two to three months Severe sprain/strain: eight to 12 months Healing