Springshed management at dudhpokhari/ pachdhara

Springshed management

1. Springshed Management Intervention At Dudhpokhari/ Pachdhara Susil Ojha Divya Shrestha Prakash Joshi Laxmi Narayan Sha MSc. Forestry Presenter Mr. Rabin Bogati SWCSN, Nepal Coordinator Trianglen Denmark Submitted to Presentation on (For Partial Fulfillment Of Requirements For The Degree Of Master Of Science)

2. Table of content Introduction Problem and Need of Intervention Interventions Achievements of Interventions Emerging Issues Future Possibilities

3. Introduction Dudhpokhari village that lies in Kirtipur Municipality – 8. Dhudhpokhari spring is the main source of water for kirtipur (wetland) About 2500 households in the Dudhpokhari area and 4400 households of the Kritipur Municipality are benefitted from this water source ( Dudhpokhari Janhit Samaj, Kathmandu) The water source has a peculiar characteristic. Source in other places decreased from Shree Panchami (Mid-February) and increased from Nag Panchami (with rain, Mid-August), whereas water in the Dudh Pokhari increased from Shree Panchami(Mid-February) and decreased from Nag Panchami.

4. In 2042 B.S. (1985 AD) a reservoir was constructed in pumping the water from the Sim Spring and distributed 52 community taps, which currently not functioning. Along the corridor of the Dudh Pokhari , there are three spring namely Sim, Dudh and Raute . Currently there is presence of five taps known as Paanch Dhara (PD) spring supplying water.

5. Why was intervention needed? Landslide in upstream= gully formation and deposition of sediment load in downstream agricultural land and houses River bank erosion Drying of spring( Dudhpokhari ) and wells after earthquake and degradation of upstream Rationale/Objective of intervention: Reduce and mitigation of downstream disaster Reviving of dried springs and wells (water availability/ yield)

6. Historical intervention Nested water collection chamber (mangal) and collection tank were constructed during regime of then Rana Prime Minister Chandra Shamsher to supply the water 33 intake chamber collect water into a main collection chamber through underground pipe system Supply of water to Kritipur , Chhagaon , Machhegaon , Nagaon, Panga, Itatol and Bhajangal , including parts of Lalitpur.

7. Upstream/ Recharge Area Management Intervention

8. To avoid the pollution of the water source, the Bista village was displaced from the watershed. During the insurgency period an arm police forced post was established in the catchment covering around 3.3 ha of land. Around 14 series of checkdams , retaining walls Around 7 recharge pond 3-4 water harvesting pond Grass plantation, afforestation, Monitoring through members of Dudhpokhari Janhit Samaj (DJS) and taking initiative to revive the springs discharge and worked with Government Agencies. (user group approach)

9. Series of check dam and recharge ponds

10. Plantation

11. Downstream intervention (Checkdams and Culvert)

12. Kathmandu Upatyaka Khanepani Limited (KUKL), Tanki Construction

13. Is it fulfilling the purpose? Means objectives of the intervention met? Reduced silt deposition in downstream Reduced landslide in upstream Gully improvement Increased water availability in the source Checkdams stables for more than 5 years (>Design Life) Increased water discharge in pachdhara (discharge measurement- 3liter per sec to 5 liter per sec(min))

14. Upstream

15. Downstream

16. What new emerging issues you have seen? No management intervention and funding by KUKL Road construction in recharge area No maintenance of collection chamber (mangals) Pollution and garbage in the upstream area (Picnic area) Water from Dudpokhari is being distributed without chloritization

17. Do you see possibilities for making it better, sustainable and benefit sharing? खानेपानी संरक्षित जलाधार क्षेत्र ( draft) PES mechanism A local road has been also constructed via this recharge zone. Drainage management focusing on infiltration in the region is essential to increase the ground recharge and also stabilize the catchment. Further research to identify potential recharge area