squential compression device.for dvt patients

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1. Sequential Compression Devices

2. Contents
1.Introduction
2.It’s importance
3.Understanding Deep Vein Thrombosis
and Pulmonary Embolism
4.Mechanism of Action
5.Nursing Considerations

3. Introduction
A sequential compression device (SCD) is a medical device
used to improve circulation in the body . It consists of
inflatable sleeves or boots connected to a pump. By
sequentially inflating and deflating, it mimics muscle
contractions, aiding venous return and reducing the risk of
deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE),
particularly in immobile patients.

4. The inflating sleeves are wrap around the client’s
limbs and consist of multiple compartments that are
connected to an air pump through a tube. Air is
pumped into each compartment, from bottom to top,
inflating them. When all compartments are inflated,
they deflate, and then the cycle starts again. This cycle
helps push the blood from the legs back to the heart.

5. Importance
1.Preventing Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- SCDs play a crucial role in preventing the formation of blood clots in the
deep veins of the legs, reducing the risk of DVT, especially in post-surgical
patients.
2.Reducing Risk of Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
- By preventing DVT, SCDs also lower the risk of PE, a life-threatening
condition where blood clots travel to the lungs.
3.Enhancing Blood Circulation
- SCDs promote blood flow in the legs through intermittent pressure,
particularly beneficial for patients with limited mobility, aiding in overall
circulation and preventing stasis-related complications.

6. Understanding Deep Vein Thrombosis and
Pulmonary Embolism
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Blood clot in deep vein, often lower leg.
- Risk factors: immobility, surgery, trauma, pregnancy, obesity.
- Symptoms: swelling, pain, warmth, redness.
- Complications: clot may travel to lungs causing PE.
Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
- Clot dislodges, travels to lungs, blocks artery.
- Similar risk factors as DVT.
- Symptoms: sudden shortness of breath, chest pain, rapid
heartbeat, coughing blood, fainting.

7. Explanation how this
Device Works
SCDs consist of inflatable sleeves or cuffs
placed around the legs or feet.
- A central pump unit inflates the sleeves in
a sequential manner, starting from the
bottom and moving upwards.
- The inflation creates intermittent pressure,
which compresses the veins and promotes
blood flow upwards towards the heart.
- After a set period, the sleeves deflate,
allowing blood to refill the veins.
- This cyclic process repeats at regular
intervals, mimicking the natural muscle
pump mechanism of the legs.
- The intermittent pressure helps prevent
blood stasis and reduces the risk of deep
vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary
embolism (PE) in at-risk patients.

8. Nursing Considerations
1. Assessment
- Evaluate patient's mobility, DVT risk factors, and skin condition.
- Determine suitability for SCD therapy.
- Monitor patient's comfort, skin integrity, and limb circulation during
treatment.
2. Monitoring
- Regularly assess patient compliance with SCD therapy.
- Monitor for any signs of adverse reactions, such as skin irritation
or numbness.
- Document SCD application details and patient responses to
ensure comprehensive care and treatment continuity.

9. DOCUMENTATION PROCESS
1.DATE AND TIME
2.SQUENTIAL COMPRESSION SET UP
Include pressure level , cycle time ,placement of compression sleeves
Eg;60 mmof hg ,cyclic time 60 sec i.e compression phase 12 sec and relaxation phase 48
3.PATIENT RESPONSE
Comfort level: tolerable or on not
Skin integrity : skin irritation, redness, pressure injuries or not at the site of compression
sleeve application

10. INTERVATION RELATED TO COMPLICATION
eg:
1Skin Assessment : pressure injury / irritation
2.Intervation : compression device immediately discontinued and carefully
remove to prevent further pressure injury/irritation
Affected area cleaned with a gentle non irritating cleanser
3.Skin protection : cream applied for promoting healing
4.Monitoring : closely monitored any signs of improving or not
5.Consultation : health care team or dermattologists was consulted to provide
further evaluation