Srisailam project final

My presentation to Irrigation & CAD Engineers at VIzag APHRDI Vishakhapatnam on march 30 2019

1. NEELAM SANJEEV REDDY
SAGAR SRISAILAM PROJECT
Presented By:
K. Anil Venkata Nag, AEE
L. V. V. A. Hari Prasad, AEE
APHRDI, RC, Vishakhapatnam

2. OUTLINE
LOCATION & OBJECTIVE
COFFER DAM & DIVERSION CONSTRUCTIONS
DAM FOUNDATION & SPILLWAY
RIGHT BANK POWER HOUSE CONSTRUCTION
RADIAL CREST GATES CONSTRUCTION
CONTRACT MANAGEMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE AND SOCIAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT
RECONSTRUCTION AND REHABILITATION (R&R)
AREA OF IRRIGATION & IRRIGATION SCHEMES PROPOSED
DRINKING WATER TO TOWNS AND VILLAGES

3. OUTLINE
9.MECHANICAL WORKS AND INSTALLATIONS
10.HYDROLOGY AND RAINFALL
11. STRUCTURES
12.HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER
13.REGULATION OF FLOODS IN DAM IN OCTOBER 2009
14.INTERLINKING OF RIVERS, BASINS AND SUB BASINS
15.SEDIMENTATION
16.TRIBUNAL AWARDS
BIBLIOGRAPHY

4. Location
Srisailam Damis located in a deep gorge in Nallamala Hills across
Krishna River b/wKurnool district of Andhra Pradesh and
Mahabubnagardistrict of Telangana nearSrisailamTown.
GPS coordinates 16°05′13″N and 78°53′50″E
300m (980ft) above sea level in a beautiful Environment

5. Location

6. Environmental Clearance & Social Impact
Assesement
•The 142-metre-high Srisailam dam submerged vast area
displacing 100,000people in 86 villages of Kurnooland
Mahbubnagardistricts
•
•The Government paid Rs 41 crore as compensationto the
affected villagers
•Land Acquired: 87,000 acres
•(GO Ms No. 98 & GO Ms No. 68) Sanctioning Monetary
compensation, besides a government job for one member
in each family displaced

7. Reconstruction & Rehabilitation
•Two-week-long evacuation programme.
•People moved 10 to 15 km away from homes, in
Tractors, Lorries and Bullock Carts.
•"It was an Unpleasant, Heart -Rending and Thankless job,"
said K. Krishnamoorthy, an Executive Engineer in charge of
the Evacuation
•To Ensure villagers not to return, Irrigation Canals in
villages destroyed.

8. Reconstruction & Rehabilitation
A family stands by after loading their meager possessions, India Today, July
31 st 1981

9. Reconstruction & Rehabilitation
An Armed Policeman Watches as workmen demolish houses, India
Today, July 31 st 1981

10. CONSTRUCTION
•The Srisailam project began in 1960, as a Power
project. After several delays, the Main Dam completed
20 years later in 1980 July 26.
•By Second stage completion in 1987 the project converted
to multipurpose facilitywith generation of 770 Megawatts
(1,030,000hp)
•The2ndLargestCapacityWorkingHydroelectricstation
in the country

11. Hon’ble Prime minister Sri Jawaharlal Nehru laying
Foundation Stone for Srisailam Dam on July 24
th
1963

12. OBJECTIVE

13. COFFER DAMS

14. DIVERSION STRUCTURES
•Diversion Channel:
Bed width : 15.24 m (50 ft)
Length : 594.36 m (1950 ft)
Upstream Discharge : 283.0 cumecs
Water Level at EL.174.80 m : 10,000 (cusecs)
Bed Level : EL 167.64 m (EL. 550ft)
•Diversion Tunnel :
•9.14 m (30 ft) Dia circular lined Length : 686 (2250 ft)
•Invert Level at Entrance : EL. 161.54 m (530 ft)
•Upstream Discharge : 566.4 cumecs
•Water Level at EL. 176.11 m (EL.577.80 ft) : 20,000 cusecs

15. COFFER DAMS & DIVERSIONS

16. COFFER DAMS & DIVERSIONS

17. FOUNDATIONCONSTRUCTION

18. FOUNDATION CONSTRUCTION

19. FOUNDATION, RCC BRIDGE, ROAD ON SPILLWAY

20. RIGHT BANK POWER HOUSE CONSTRUCTION

21. RIGHT BANK POWER HOUSE CONSTRUCTION

22. RIGHT BANK POWER HOUSE CONSTRUCTION

23. RADIAL CREST GATES, GANTRY CRANE

24. GAUGE METER, EVAPORIMETER & FRL

25. •The Initial modest estimate of₹384.7 million for a
Power Project
•ThetotalcostofMultipurposeProjectestimatedto
cross₹10billioninenlargedform.
•The Dam cost ₹4.04 billion together with installation of 4
generating sets of 110 MW each.
•The Right Bank Branch Canal estimated to cost₹4.49
billion
CONTRACT MANAGEMENT

26. CONTRACT MANAGEMENT
•The initial investment of₹1.4 billion has been provided by
the World Bank.
•The Projected Cost-BenefitRatio of the project worked
out at 1:1.91 at 10%interest on Capital Outlay.
•Prasad&CocontributedtotheconstructionofSrisailam
Dam

27. Area of Irrigation
•The Dam provides water for 2,000squarekilometres(770 sq mi)
•Right Bank Branch Canal Irrigates790 square kilometres (310 sq
mi) in Kurnool & Kadapa districts
•Srisailam Right Main canal feeds water to
•K. C. Canal
•Srisailam Right Bank Canal
•Telugu Ganga Canal
•Galeru Nagari Canal
Irrigating vast area in Kurnool, Kadapa, Chittoor and
Nellore districts

28. SRISAILAM RIGHT MAIN CANAL (SRMC): AREA OF IRRIGATION
•At Banakacherla, a Cross Regulator complex constructed
From there SRMC branches into 3 canals.
1.The right side canal taking off to SRBC scheme, capacity of 5,000
Cusecs,
2.Left Canal taking off to feed the TGP
3.The middle escape channel to feed K. C. Canal.
•Veligonda Reservoirreceives water by gravity through tunnels in
Nellore, Kadapa andPrakasamdistricts.
•Kalwakurthy Lift Irrigation schemedraws water from Srisailam
Reservoir inMahbubnagarandNalgonda Districts
•Srisailam Left Bank Canal(SLBC) receives water by gravity
through tunnels inNalgondadistrict

29. DRINKING WATER
•SraialamRight Main Canal supplies water to Telugu
GangaProject (TGP)
•TGP supplies Krishna river water to Chennai city for
drinking purpose
•Handri-NeevaLift Canal draws water from
•Srisailam Reservoir, supplies Drinking water to all
districts ofRayalaseema

30. States Benefited
Due to Its location between the twostates of Andhra Pradesh
and Telangana got benefited by the project and Chennai.
Andhra Pradesh
Telangana

31. HYDROLOGY & RAINFALL
Reservoir :Srisailam
Catchment Area :
2, 03,597 Sq. K.M
(79,530 Sq. Miles)
Max. Flood discharge :30,316 Cumecs
Live Storage :247.79 TMC Ft.
Gross Storage :308.06 TMC Ft.
Dead Storage :60.3 TMC Ft. (2122
MCM) at 805 Ft.
Generation per TMC :5.5 MUS
Design Head :
91 M (Turbine Mode)
& 95 M (Pump Mode)

32. HYDROLOGY & RAINFALL
Max. Gross head :
375 Ft. (114.3 M) Turbine
Mode
Design Net Head :82.8 M(153 MW)
Net Head Max/Min :
107.1 M (176 MW) /65.3 M
(106 MW)
(Turbine Mode)
Full Reservoir level (FRL): :885 Ft. (269.75 M)
Min. Draw down Level
(MDDL):
:805 Ft. (245.37 M)
Tail Race water level for Max.
Discharge:
:590 Ft
Mean Annual Rainfall :
Maximum : 1016 mm (40
inches)
Minimum : 635 mm (25
inches)

33. STRUCTURES
1.Reservoir:
•Maximum water level (MWL) : EL 271.88 m (EL. 892 ft)
•Full Reservoir Level (FRL) : EL. 269.75 m (EL.885 ft.)
•Gross Storage : 6110.9070 cubic meters
•Capacity at F.R.L : (215.8070 TMC)
•Water Spread Area : 541.90 sq. km at F.R.L
: 209 sq. Miles)
•MDDL (for IRR) : 854.00 (260.30 M)
Storage capacity : 89.29 TMC (2528.396 Cums)
•MDDL (for Power) : 834.00 (254.20 m)
Storage capacity : 53.851 TMC(1524.871 Cums)
•Crest level : 830.00 (252.98 M)
Storage capacity : 49.49. TMC(1401.387 Cums)

34. STRUCTURES
2. Dam :Gravity Dam with
Top elevation EL 275.54 m
Height above the deepest Foundation level 470 ft
Total Length of Dam is 512 m (1680 ft)
3. Spillway: Ogee
•MaximumDischargingCapacityOverCrest:37,356cumecs
(13,20,00Cuses)
•Number of Spill Way Gates : 12 Nos
Size : 18.3 m x 16.7 m (60’ x 55’)
•Number of River Sluices : 2 Nos
Size : 3.65m x 9.14 m (12 ft x 30 ft )

35. •PowerStation
Turbines 6 ×150MW (200,000hp)
ReversibleFrancis -Type(Left Bank)
Turbines 7 ×110MW (150,000hp)
Francis Type (Right Bank)
•InstalledCapacity1,670MW(2,240,000hp)
•Each gate contains 19.25 mt radius. C/s dimensions of
the gate is 55 ft x 65 ft.
•Total amount of steel used in gates is 220 tons.
•The rope capacity is 180 tons.
MECHANICAL WORKS AND INSTALLATIONS

36. MECHANICAL WORKS AND INSTALLATIONS

37. TURBINES
a) Type:Vertical Shaft, Francis Reversing
b) Make:M/s.Hitachi,Japan
c) Net Head Max. /Min:107.1 M /65.3 M
d) Design Net Head:82.8 M
e) Rated Output:153 MW
f) Output Max./ Min :176 MW / 106 MW
g) Normal Speed:136.4 RPM
h) Runway speed:231 RPM
i) Disc. Through Machine:6467 Cusecs (183.1 Cumecs)
•1 TMC of water we can generate 606 million watts of power.
•10,000 acres of land can be Irrigated by 1 TMC of water.

38. HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER
•Tail pond dam /weir located 14km downstream of
Srisailam dam under advanced stage of construction
•To hold the water released by the hydro turbines and later
pump back into Srisailam reservoir by operating turbines
in pump mode.
•The weir portion breached in November 2015 unable to
withstand normal water release from the hydro power
stations.

39. HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER
•Tail pond weir completed during the year 2017
and pumping mode operation is being done even
the D/sNagarjuna Sagar reservoirwater level is
below 531.5 feet (162m) MSL.
•The tail pond has nearly 1 TMC live storage
capacity.
•Power supplies were maintained by APGENCO
by using 2 power stations (Left bank and Right
Bank) and transmitted through AP TRANSCO.

40. INTERLINKING OF RIVERS, BASINS AND SUB BASINS
Srisailam-Pennar Link Proposal
•Second link to join Krishna with Pennar transfers of 2,310
Mcum of water.
•In this link, no enroute irrigation is proposed.
•Four mini hydel schemes proposed in enroute reaches for
utilizing the natural falls of the streams with total installed
capacity of 17 MW power.
•The water diverted to Pennar river through the link Picked up
at Somasila along with that diverted through Nagarjunasagar-
Somasila link for further southward diversion river Pennar.

41. INTERLINKING OF RIVERS, BASINS AND SUB BASINS
Srisailam-Pennar Link Proposal
•The total length of link canal from Srisailam reservoir to its
confluence with Pennar is about 204 km.
•NWDA has completed the feasibility study of the proposal.
The existing infrastructure of Srisailam canal system viz. A.
Approach Channel
Head Regulator at Pothireddypadu,
Srisailam right main canal and
cross Regulator at Banakacherla
used for diverting the water

42. Srisailam-Pennar Link Proposal
•The water from the Central escape of the Banakacherla cross
regulator will be let into the natural streams viz. Nippulavagu, Galeru
and Kunderu, till it reaches the Pennar river at Adinimmayapalli
anicut.
•The link canal is proposed to be operated for a period of 184 days
and is designed for a discharge of 145 cumec.
•Environmental Issue: NO
No new area will come under submergence due to this canal project
as the existing Srisailam reservoir is used in this link proposal.

43. Srisailam-Pennar Link Proposal

44. TRIBUNAL AWARDS
The KWDT in 1973has allocated 800 TMC (75%
dependable flows) of Krishna waters to AP State.
Under this award, The state is entitled to make any
adjustments and re-allocations within the allotment made
specially to the state and also entitled to utilize 11 TMC of
Regenerated Water as its share to irrigate 1,90,000 Acres
of Nandyal, Banaganapalli, Koilkuntla Taluks of Kurnool
Dist. and Jammalmadugu taluk of Kadapa District.

45. Regulation of the flood in October 2009 at the
Srisailam project in India
•Unprecedented rainfall received during September
29th to 2nd October, 2009.
•Rainfall ranged from 344mm to 560 mm.
•Bulk of rainfall occurred below the major storage
reservoirs of upper riparian States with no scope for
flood moderation.
•Unprecedented floods occurred between 2.10.2009
to 6.10.2009 and inflow of 25.50 lakh cusec (72,207
cumec) on 2.10.2009 occurred

46. REGULATION OF FLOOD IN OCTOBER 2009 @
SRISAILAM PROJECT IN INDIA
•Earlier recorded highest flow of 10.60 lakhcusec
(30,015 cumec) occurred on 7.10.1903
•Design flood of the dam is 19.55 lakhcusec
(55,359 cumec)
•Max Water Level recorded: + 896.50 feet (273.253
m)
•Max discharge through spillway: 14, 80,400
cusec (41,920 cumec)
•Duration of high flood : Nearly 78 hours

47. Regulation of the flood in October 2009 at
the Srisailam project in India
•End gates in vents 1 and 12 were also opened
•Successfulrouting of more than 600 TMC (16,990 MCM)
of flood over 600 kilometers of river length
•Earlier, high floods had occurred during 1998and right
side powerhouse inundatedunder the tail water of the
dam due to opening of 12th gate.
•Sudden surge in inflows was a result of record rainfall in
the un-intercepted catchment area downstream of
Tungabhadra dam and Jurala project

48. After Floods in dam, 2009
•Srisailam tilted about 8.8 mm during the flood in 2009 for
some days and then it came back to thre original.
•Srisailam dam was subjected to an uplift of 170t/m3 which
is more the designed uplift pressure of 143t/m3.
•The main reason for this is good quality of Construction.
•For 25 years before 2009 the first gate was not operated, if
they were operated the flanks get destroyed.

49. SEDIMENTATION
•ReservoirSedimentationIs Filling of Reservoir
Behind Dam with Sediment Carried Into Reservoir
by Streams.
•The flow of water from the catchment upstream of a
reservoir is capable of erodingthe catchment area
•Depositing material either upstream of Reservoir, or
in still water of Reservoir.

50. According to a survey during the year 2012across 122
Reservoirs in India, 0.44%of Reservoir Storage being
covered with deposition of sediment every year.
In Srisailam reservoir in Andhra Pradesh which was
commissioned in 1976, the storage capacity is now
Reducedto 79.5%of it’s original storage in a span of 35
years.

51. BIBLIOGRAPHY
1) Srisailam dam, Wikipedia.
2) http://www.prasadandco.com/Irrigation.php#Srisailam
3) Regulation of floods in 2009 at NSRS Srisailam Project in Andhra
Pradesh State in India
4) Managing Historic flood Krishna River Basin –An experience of
Averting Catastrophe –APWRDC -2009
5) https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/special-report/story/19810731-
srisailam-dam-across-krishna-river-displaces-nearly-100000-
people-in-andhra-pradesh-773077-2013-11-16
6) https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/35-years-on-
compensation-eludes-Srisailam-dam -evacuees/articleshow/47169791.cms
7) https://india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Summary_of_Link_Proposal

52. THANK YOU
Presented By:
K. Anil Venkata Nag, AEE
L. V. V. A. Hari Prasad, AEE