Stages of the Holocaust

1. Anti-Semitism /
Stages of the Holocaust
World History

2. History of Anti-Semitism
•Cultural differences made the Jews
standout
•Jews generally lived in close-knit
communities
•Have been demonized, discriminated
against by Christians for 2000 years
•Christianity needed Judaism as a contrast -
to make Christianity look better, to act as a
scapegoat

3. History of Anti-Semitism
•30 CE - Christ is killed.
•325 CE - Christianity becomes official
religion of the Roman Empire. Jews
negatively portrayed.
•5th-7th Centuries - Violence escalates
•Middle Ages - Jews less than human, killed
in the Crusades, demonized, blamed for
Black Death

4. History of Anti-Semitism
•Renaissance/Reformation - Jews had to
wear badges or cones on head, in Italy and
Germany they were separated into ghettos
•Spanish Inquisition
•17th-18th Century tensions eased

5. Anti-Semitism in Germany
•.08% of population (~500,000)
•Fully integrated into Germany society
•Supported WWI and the German Empire
•Mostly lived in large cities

6. Anti-Semitism in Germany
•Hitler blamed Jews/Marxists for loss of
WWI
•The Aryan Race - “Pure Germans”
superior
•Incorrectly names Jews as a race
•Struggle for world domination
•History and biology changed to match anti-
Semitic views

7. Boycott of Jewish
Businesses
•1933 - Germany
•Sets up idea that Jews
are not Germans and
isolates them

8. SA pickets, wearing boycott signs, block the entrance to
a Jewish-owned shop. The signs read: "Germans, defend
yourselves against the Jewish atrocity propaganda, buy
only at German shops!" and "Germans, defend
yourselves, buy only at German shops!"

9. Two Nazi stormtroopers stand guard in front of the H. L.
Heimann store in Bopfingen, to prevent would-be shoppers
from violating the Nazi boycott of Jewish-owned
businesses.

10. Nuremberg Laws
•Germany - 1935
•Defined who was a Jew
•Deprived Jews of
political rights

13. Kristallnacht
•1938 - Germany
•“Night of the Broken Glass”
•Organized violence against Jews throughout
Germany and Austria

15. The fire department only made sure the fire did
not spread to the building next to the
synagogue

16. View of the interior
of the
Essenweinstrasse
synagogue in
Nuremberg
following its
destruction during
Kristallnacht.

17. Ghettos
•1939-45 - German occupied territories
•Small areas of a city where Jews were
isolated

20. Einsatzgruppen
•1941 - Poland and Russia
•Mobile Killing Squads

25. Deportations
•1939-1945 - Throughout Europe
•Movement of Jews to ghettos and then to
camps

27. Jews board a deportation train at the railroad station in
Würzburg.

28. Hundreds of Jews wait to board deportation trains at the railroad station
in Würzburg. Their luggage and bed rolls are piled in the center of the
platform.

29. Jews from the Lodz ghetto board deportation
trains for the Chelmno death camp

30. Camps
•1939-1945 - Throughout Europe
•Different types: labor camps, concentration
camps, and death camps

33. “Work makes one free”

34. Human remains found in the Dachau concentration
camp crematorium after liberation. Germany, April
1945.

35. Liberation
•1944-45 - Throughout Europe
•Allies liberate camps