Steel making process

What it is the steal making process

1. STEEL MAKING PROCESS

2. Steelmaking   is the process for producing   steel   from iron ore  and scrap . What it is the Steel making process ?

3. First stage Preparing the mineral of iron It starts in the mine or quarry , where it´s obtained . In nature is a rock whith iron , oxide, dirt and other impurities .

4. The first process : The impurities are removed in the first part of the process , when de gangue is separated from the ore.

5. The second process of preparing the mineral of iron is : The mineral is washed to remove dirt . It´s crushed into sand. The sand is sieved , and then , again separated from the ore.

6. Second stage The blast furnace Lime stone , coke and ore are introduced .

7. Coke : is a fuel whith few impurities and high carbon content , usually made from coal . Limestone : a sedimentary rock consting predominatly of calcium carbonate. Ore: the usable part of the rock of iron .

8. The hot is injected from nozzles at the bottom of the furnace , this way , the reaction is acelerated and the temperature rises higher . The temperature is very high , over 1500ºC

9. The lower part of the blast furnace is called crucible . Melted minerals precipitate on it . Pig iron acomulates at the botton and the slag stays above it . They are separated , the pig iron is the usable part . The pig iron usually cool in molds , after , they are transported to steel companies .

10. PROBLEM: The pig iron contents too much carbon and impurities in the composition . Needs to reduce it before becoming steel .

11. Third stage The carbon and other impuritiees are reduce inside the converter .

12. Scrap is added to the pig iron , so the scrap is recicled . Oxygen is injected in order to burn the carbón and eliminate the impurities . After, slag is remove . And the liquid Steel is ready to get the final shape .