Steel Structure

Steel Structure(intro,classifications, section, connections,advantages, disadvantages)

1. Presented By : M.Kamran 15-101 Miss Ayesha Presented To : M.Qasir 15-113 Khurram 15-130 STEEL STRUCTURE

2. Topics to be Present Introduction to Steel Classification of Steel Introduction to Structure Introduction to Steel Structure Advantages of Steel Structure Disadvantages of Steel Structure Steel Structure Members Structural Steel Sections Famous Buildings Visit Connection in Steel

3. Introduction to Steel Steel is nothing but it is a modified form of an Iron, Because when we add o.o2 to 1.7% of Carbon and some other material such as Silicon, Nickel, Manganese and Copper to Iron during its manufacturing then we call it Alloy or Steel.

4. Classification of Steel: Name of Steel Carbon Content in Steel Very Low Carbon Steel <0.1% Mild Steel Up to 0.25% Medium Carbon Steel 0.25-0.7% High Carbon Steel 0.7%-1.5%

5. Introduction to Structure A structure is a series of connected elements that form together a system that can resist a series of external load effects applied to it, which includes its own self weight, and provide adequate rigidity. In civil engineering, a structure is usually made up of Beams Columns Cables Slabs etc

6. Introductio n to Steel Structure A structure which is made from a combination of structural Steel members designed to carry loads and provide adequate rigidity is known as Steel structure.

7. Advantages of Steel: Lower Project Costs Steel structural remains the cost leader for the majority of construction projects. Comparative studies indicate that a structural steel framing system including decking and fire protection will typically cost 5% to 7% less than a concrete framing system on a national basis

8. 2 . High Strength All other materials talk about high strength, but their strength is still less than that of structural steel even when enhanced by steel reinforcing

9. 3 . Recyclable Structural steel is the most recycled material on our planet – today’s structural steel is made of 88% recycled product, is fully recyclable in the future and can be reused without further processing.

10. 4 . Ductility Steel is a ductile material, so steel can withstand extensive deformation without failure under high tensile stresses. It gives warning before failure takes place.

11. 5 . Durability Steel frames that are used for the construction of buildings and other infrastructures are made up of mild steel. This steel is long lasting and strong enough to carry huge tons of weight for many years without the need of any restoration or repair.

12. 6 . Flexibility One of the great features of steel frames is that they are flexible, meaning it can be arched as per the required specification . This helps to design steel structures in such a way that it can withstand an earthquake or heavy winds, especially in the case of tall towers or bridges which are made of steel

13. 6 . Temporary Structures Steel frame structures can be easily built with the help of various methods such as bolting, welding or riveting. This reduces the time taken to make a temporary structure

14. 7. Aesthetic beauty Structural steel sections can be bent and rolled to create non-linear members to further enhance the aesthetic appeal of the structure.

15. Disadvantages of Steel: Maintenance cost  of a steel structure is very high. Due to action of rust in steel, expensive paints are required to renew time to time. So that resistance against severe conditions increases . Steel has very small resistance against fire as compared to concrete. Almost from 600-700C half of steel strength reduced.  Steel cannot be  mold  in any direction you want. It can only be used in forms in which sections originally exists .  If steel loses its ductility property , than chances of brittle fractures increase .  If there are very large variations in tensile strength than this lead steel to more tension. Due to which steel tensile properties graph falls down.

16. Structural Steel Sections:

17. Connections in Steel Structure: Connections are structural elements used for joining different members of a structural steel frame work. Steel Structure is an assemblage of different member such as “BEAMS,COLUMNS” which are connected to one other, usually at member ends fasteners, so that it shows a single composite unit

18. Components of Connections Bolts Weld

19. Connecting Plates Connecting Angles

20. Classification of Connections On the Basis of Connecting Medium. According to the type of internal forces. According to the type of structural Elements According to the type of members joining.

21. 1.On the Basis of Connecting Medium Riveted Connections Bolted Connections

22. Welded Connections Bolted-Welded Connections

23. 2.According to Type of Internal Forces Shear (semi rigid, simple) Connections Moment (rigid) Connections

24. 3 .According to Type Structural Elements Single plate angle Connections Double web angle connections Top and seated angle connections Seated beam connections

25. 4.According to Type of Member Joining Beam to beam connections Column to column connections ( column splices ) Beam to Column Connections Column Base Plate Connections

26. Famous Steel Structures Willis Tower, Chicago Shun Hing Square Tower, Shenzen Beijing National Stadium, Beijing Empire State Building Sydney Harbour Bridge   Burj Khalifa, Dubai

27. Visit