Stomach

STOMACH ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

1. BRISSO ARACKAL

2. ORGANS ASSOCIATED WITH THE STOMACH Anteriorly - Left lobe of liver and anterior abdominal wall. posteriorly - Abdominal aorta, pancreas, spleen, left kidney and adrenal gland. Superiorly - Diaphragm, oesophagus and left lobe of liver. I nferiorly - transverse colon and small intestine. To the left- Diaphragm and spleen To the right- liver and duodenum.

3. STOMACH : SIZE The stomach is a very distensible organ. It is about 25 cm. long. The mean capacity is one ounce (30 ml) at birth, one litre (1000ml) at puberty, and 1.5 t0 2 litres or more in adults.

4. EXTERNAL FEATURES OF STOMACH The stomach has Two orifices or openings Two curvatures or borders and Two surfaces

5. CARDIAC SPHINCTER The cardiac sphincter is a specialized valve found between the esophagus and the stomach. It prevents backflow of food and digestive enzymes.

6. RUGAE

7. RUGAE LINING OF THE STOMACH Rugae are found on the interior layer of the stomach and aid in breaking down food when the stomach contracts.

8. FUNDUS The is the frontal region of the stomach. It begins digestion of proteins and mixes together stomach contents.

9. BODY The body is the central region of the stomach. It also digests proteins and blends materials found in stomach.

10. PYLORUS and PYLORIC SPHINCTER The pylorus is the back region of the stomach. It contracts to empty materials from the stomach into the small intestine The pyloric sphincter is a specialized valve that prevents materials and digestive enzymes from escaping into the small intestine before digestion is completed in the stomach.

11. Has four regions Cardia Fundus Body Pyloric

12. MUSCLES AND CELLS OF STOMACH