structural collapse , industrial accidents, oil spills

structural collapse in disaster management

1. Structural collapse, Industrial accidents, oil spills Presented by Mrs.M.P.Sasirekha

2. Collapse  In construction it relates to the mechanisms of structural failure that can lead to the partial or complete collapse of a building or other structure.

3. Classifications of collapse Partial and complete collapse Disproportionate collapse Pancake collapse Total progressive collapse Partial progressive or pancake collapse Symmetrical Collapse

4. Industrial accident An industrial accident is a serious event that involves hazardous materials and that can have consequences for the surrounding population and environment Depending on the nature of the products involved, the accident can take the form of a fire, an explosion or the emission of toxic or radioactive material.

5. What are the Key Factors Contributing to Industrial Accidents in India? Inadequate Regulation and Monitoring:  Redundant regulations, including 15 Acts and 19 rules,  lack a unified approach for the chemical industry.  This fragmentation leads to overlapping jurisdictions and loopholes, weakening oversight and enforcement of safety measures.

6. Lack of Comprehensive Chemical Risk Database:  The lack of a central database on industrial chemicals and  their risks creates a knowledge gap, hindering hazard assessment  and safety protocol development

7. Insufficient Worker Training and Awareness:  Boiler operation often falls to untrained, contractual workers, lacking proper safety and emergency response training as  highlighted by IIT Kanpur. This leads to confusion during accidents and increases risks, especially with hazardous chemicals.

8. Poor Investment in Worker Safety : Cost-cutting by some industries  often neglects safety equipment and infrastructure , such as proper ventilation and fire safety. IIT Kanpur study (2023) stresses the  need for increased investment in worker safety to reduce industrial accidents. Lack of maintenance.

9. Oil spills Oil spills occur when petroleum oil is released into the ocean following accidents, such as vessels crashing or damage and problems with oil platforms and drilling.

10. Spotting oil spills Radar data is typically used to detect oil spills with satellites, but it can be very difficult to locate oil spills as looking for relatively small patches of oil in vast oceans is a challenge. Identifying oil is also difficult, as a dark patch on the ocean may be from the event in question, or a natural release of oil or different substance altogether. Once a particular oil spill that needs to be monitored is identified, however, satellites can play a useful role in noting the source, mapping the extent and tracking the direction the spill may take.

11. What are the main causes of Oil Spills? Natural causes: Tsunami, Cyclone, Thunderstorm etc. Human Causes: War, attack, sabotage, human mistakes leading to a collision or some technical reasons

12. What are the major impacts of Oil Spill? On marine life On birds On human

13. https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Types_of_structural_collapse https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/industrial-accidents https://www.britannica.com/explore/savingearth/9-biggest-oil-spills-in-history https://www.clearias.com/oil-spill-disasters/

14. Thank you