STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION.pdf by manoj dk,

structuarl organization of human body by manoj dk, is a ppt based on structural levels of human body

1. STRUCTURAL
ORGANISATION
OF THE HUMAN
BODY
Prepared by :
Name : Rachana.R.
USN : 4MC21CV070

2. Life processes of the human body are maintained at
several levels of structural organization. The
structural organisation in animals or any other
lifeform is the same at the fundamental level. Or in
other words, all life currently living on earth are
made up of cells. And when cells get together, they
form tissues. Tissues, in turn, form organs
and organ systems.
INTRODUCTION

3. The organization of the body
often is discussed in terms of
six distinct levels of
increasing complexity, from
the smallest chemical building
blocks to a
unique human organism.

4. THE LEVEL OF ORAGANISATION
To study the chemical level of organization, scientists consider the
simplest building blocks of matter: subatomic particles, atoms and
molecules. All matter in the universe is composed of one or more unique
pure substances called elements, familiar examples of which are
hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, calcium, and iron. The smallest unit
of any of these pure substances (elements) is an atom. Atoms are made
up of subatomic particles such as the proton, electron and neutron. Two
or more atoms combine to form a molecule, such as the water molecules,
proteins, and sugars found in living things. Molecules are the chemical
building blocks of all body structures.

5. LEVELS OF STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION
1. Chemical Level
2. Cellular Level
3. Tissue Level
4. Organ Level
5. Oragan System Level
6. Organism level

6. 1. CHEMICAL LEVEL
•It is the lowest level of organization
•It includes atoms and molecules that are essential in
maintaining life.
Atom
•A unit of matter that comprises a chemical element.
•It is the smallest particle of an element.

7. Elements essential for maintaining life are:
•Carbon (C)
•Hydrogen (H)
•Oxygen (0)
•Nitrogen (N) Calcium (Ca)
•Potassium (K) and
•Sodium (Na)
CHEMICAL LEVEL ATOM

8. CHEMICAL LEVEL MOLECULE
•The chemical combination of two or more atoms. Carbohydrates - includes sugars,
starches, glycogen and cellulose.
• Plants store carbohydrates as starch and use the carbohydrates cellulose to build
the cell wall.
• In animals, it provide a readily available source of energy to drive metabolic
reactions.
•Fats - also provides energy and forms adepose tissue
•Proteins - for muscle growth and repairs.
•Vitamins and minerals - catalyzes metabolic reactions

9. 2.CELLULAR LEVEL
•The next higher level of organization.
• It yields from the combinations of molecules from the chemical level.
CELL
•Is the basic structural and funcional unit of an organism.
•There are several kinds of cell in our body, and each has a different stuctures and
each performs a different function.
•Each cell contain specialized structures called organelles that perform
specific functions.

10. 3. TISSUE LEVEL
It is the level in which different cell types cells are joined together to
form a structure called, tissue. Tissues are group of similar cells (and
the substance surrounding them) that usually arise from common
ancestor cells and work together to perform a particular function.
The four basic types of tissue in the body are:
- Epithelial tissue
- Muscle tissue
- Connective tissue
- Nervous tissue

11. 4. ORGAN LEVEL
•It is where different kinds of tissues are joined to form a structure
of a body called organ.
Organs
•Are structures that are composed of two or more differenttissues,
have specific functions, and usually have recognizable shapes.
•Some examples of organs are the heart, liver, lungs,
brain and stomach.

12. 5. ORGAN SYSTEM LEVEL
The level where
different organs
are joined together
to form a body
system. Consists
of several related
organs that have a
common function.

13. 1. Integumentary System 7. Lymphatic / Immune system
2. Skeletal System 8. Respiratory system
3. Muscular System 9. Digestive system
4. Nervous System 10. Urinary system
5. Endocrine System 11. Reproductive system
6. Circulatory System
SYSTEM LEVEL

14. 6. ORGANISM LEVEL
•Living being that has a cellular structure and that can
independently perform all physiologic functions
necessary for life.
•The highest level of organizational structure where all
parts of the body are functioning with one another to
comprise the total organism - one living individual.

15. THANK
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