STU EG7060 Group 04 D ppt powerpoint on required

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1. Solar PV Power Generation System   Supporting UEL’s Net Zero Carbon Commitment by 2030

2. 2 Working Together as a Team : STU EG7060 GROUP 04 D 2025 1. Modi Divykumar – 2787395 ( Group Leader) 2. Frison Nikhil Martis – 2775923 3. Hemanth Ramesh – 2849040 4. Utsav Kothiya – 2774046 5. Meet Patel – 2824588

3. With the growing global focus on clean energy, solar PV has emerged as a crucial solution for reducing carbon emissions and decreasing reliance on fossil fuels. Advancements in efficiency, storage, and smart grid integration continue to enhance its viability. This presentation explores the key aspects of solar PV power generation, its benefits, and the challenges faced, particularly in urban environments like the University of East London (UEL). UEL’s Net Zero Commitment: Achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2030. Role of Solar PV: Solar energy as a key renewable energy source to reduce carbon footprint. The adoption of solar technology contributes to sustainability and reduces carbon footprints. [1] Introduction :

4. Solar Panels – Capture sunlight and convert it into electricity. Inverter – Converts DC electricity into usable AC power. Battery – Stores energy for later use. Charge Controller – Regulates voltage and prevents battery overcharging. Mounting Structure – Supports solar panels for optimal sun exposure. Sunlight Absorption ☀️ Solar panels, made of photovoltaic (PV) cells , absorb sunlight. These cells are usually made of silicon and generate direct current (DC) electricity when exposed to sunlight. Conversion of Electricity ⚡ The DC electricity generated by solar panels cannot be used directly in homes. An inverter converts DC into alternating current (AC) , which is the standard form of electricity used in homes, businesses, and industries. Solar PV System Design for UEL :

5. Solar PV System Design for UEL : Power Distribution 🔌 The AC electricity from the inverter is used to power electrical appliances. Any excess energy can either be: Stored in batteries (for off-grid or hybrid systems). Fed into the power grid (for grid-tied systems), earning credits or reducing electricity bills. Energy Storage (Optional) 🔋 In off-grid or hybrid solar systems, a battery stores excess electricity. This stored energy can be used during the night or on cloudy days when solar generation is low. Grid Connection (For Grid-Tied Systems) 🏢⚡ If the system is connected to the grid , extra power is sent to the utility company. When solar panels don’t produce enough power (e.g., at night), electricity is drawn from the grid. Net Metering: A system that tracks the energy sent to and taken from the grid, helping reduce electricity costs.

6. Solar PV System Design for UEL : Advantages of Solar PV Power Renewable Energy Source – Solar power is abundant and sustainable. Reduces Electricity Bills – Generates free electricity after installation. Low Maintenance Costs – Requires minimal upkeep. Environmentally Friendly – Reduces carbon footprint, no emissions. Energy Independence – Reduces reliance on fossil fuels and grid electricity. Scalability – Can be used for small homes or large solar farms. Silent Operation – Unlike generators, solar panels operate without noise. Disadvantages of Solar PV Power High Initial Cost – Expensive installation and equipment. Weather Dependent – Efficiency drops on cloudy days and at night. Space Requirements – Large installations need significant rooftop or land area. Energy Storage is Expensive – Batteries increase system costs. Efficiency Loss Over Time – Solar panels degrade slowly, losing efficiency. Manufacturing Impact – Production of solar panels has an environmental footprint. Application Rooftop Solar PV Systems Off-Grid Solar Systems Industrial Rooftop Solar Installations Solar Irrigation Systems Transportation Applications Solar-Powered Telecom Towers

7. The University of East London (UEL) faces rising energy costs and increasing pressure to reduce its carbon footprint in alignment with the UK’s Net Zero targets. The university’s reliance on conventional energy sources contributes to environmental impact and operational expenses. Implementing a solar PV power generation system can provide a sustainable, cost-effective energy solution. The challenge is to design a system that is technically feasible, financially viable, and integrates seamlessly with UEL’s existing infrastructure while supporting long-term energy sustainability. Design: The challenge is to design a system that is technically feasible, financially viable, and integrates seamlessly with UEL’s existing infrastructure while supporting long-term energy sustainability. Energy Storage and Grid Integration: Solar power generation is intermittent, producing energy only when the sun shines. System Efficiency and Losses: The efficiency of solar PV panels can be affected by factors such as dust accumulation, shading, temperature variations, and panel degradation over time Problem Statement :

8. Solar Resource Assessment: Average solar irradiance in London: 3.5 kWh/m²/day. System Efficiency: Expected efficiency: 18% (considering shading and orientation). Energy Output: Estimated annual energy generation: 2,500 MWh. Visual:  Include a map of solar irradiance in London.[4] Technical Feasibility :

9. Global Solar PV Market Overview: Market size:  $200 billion in 2023 , projected to grow at a  CAGR of 7.8% until 2030 . Installed capacity:  1,200 GW globally  (as of 2023), expected to reach  2,500 GW by 2030 . Key Drivers: Declining costs:  Solar panel prices have dropped by 90% since 2010 . Government incentives:  $150 billion in global subsidies for renewable energy in 2023 . Increasing demand:  Annual solar installations grew by 35% in 2023 . Regional Insights: China:  Leading market with  500 GW installed capacity  (42% of global total). USA:  Second-largest market with  150 GW installed capacity . India:  Fastest-growing market, targeting  500 GW of renewable energy by 2030 . Europe:  Strong growth driven by the EU’s  Green Deal , with  250 GW installed capacity . [8] Market Research :

10. The University of East London(UEL) has installed solar panels on campus to reduce carbon emissions and save money on utilities. Solar panel installation As of July 2024, UEL has installed 2,000 solar panels on campus a The panels are expected to generate 1.2 GWh of zero-carbon electricity each year UEL estimates that 90% of the renewable energy generated will be used on campus, with the remaining 10% exported to the National Grid Other sustainability initiatives UEL has also installed 27 electric charging stations at the Docklands Campus UEL has upgraded campus infrastructure for greater energy efficiency UEL has installed 11,000 LED lights UEL course curriculums Net zero carbon target UEL's goal is to achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2030. Energy Usage Overview: Annual electricity consumption: 10,000 MWh. Current carbon emissions: 4,500 tons of CO2/year. [2] Solar Energy at the University of East London :

11. Financial Feasiblity : Solar Panel Type: Monocrystalline Panel Power Output per Panel: 200 watts Cost of one panel:-£119.99 For 12,753 panels it will be 12,753 X 119.99 = £1,530,232.47 Additionally it provides 12-month warranty on processing and materials and fast professional customer service. Daily labour installing rates £300-£400 per day(s ystem design + scaffolding + electrical work ) Total maintenance cost:- Cleaning Cost- £50-£150 (6 months if required) Inverter Cost - £800-£1500 (10-15 years) Annual inspection Cost - £100-£300 per year which include minor repairs.

12. Financial Feasiblity : Wind Turbine Generator Kit - 600W DC24V Wind Turbine Vertical, Electricity Producer Equipment, Power Supplementation(White 12V) Rated power: 600W,Nominal voltage: 12V /24V. No. of Turbine : 120 24V single kit price = £185.99 Total cost of 120 turbines 120 x 185.99 = £ 22,318.8 approx. Installation cost of 600 W = £300-£800. Routine Inspection & Maintenance: DIY : £0 - £50 per year (if you inspect and maintain it yourself) Professional Service : £100 - £300 per year Includes checking for loose bolts, lubricating moving parts, and inspecting electrical connection

13. Financial Feasiblity : Blade Replacement (if damaged): Cost: £50 - £200 per blade(Typically needed every 5-10 years, depending on wear and weather conditions.) Bearing & Lubrication Replacement: Cost: £50 - £150(Bearings may need replacement every 3-5 years). Controller & Inverter Maintenance: Cost: £100 - £300(May require replacement or repair every 5-10 years). Battery Maintenance (if off-grid system): Cost: £100 - £500 (depending on the type and capacity).Batteries typically last 5-15 years.

14. Political Analysis Government Support & Policies: UK government incentives (e.g., Smart Export Guarantee) encourage solar energy adoption. • Net Zero Targets: Commitment to achieve Net Zero emissions by 2050 drives investment in renewable energy. • Political Stability: Stable UK political environment ensures long-term support for renewable projects. • Local Authority Regulations: Permitting and planning permissions for solar installations on university campuses. Legal Analysis • Energy Regulations Compliance: Adherence to UK Renewable Energy and Electricity Market laws. • Building & Safety Codes: Compliance with Health and Safety Executive (HSE) guidelines for solar system installation. • Environmental Laws: Meeting standards under the Environmental Protection Act to reduce ecological impact. Political & Legal Analysis:

15. Involving students, faculty, and local communities is vital for the success of our solar initiatives. By organizing workshops, awareness campaigns, and collaborative projects, we can foster a culture of sustainability and innovation. Solar PV systems significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The project aligns with the UK government's climate change goals and initiatives. UEL will serve as a model for other institutions aiming for sustainability in energy use. Carbon Emission Reduction: Estimated annual CO2 reduction: 1,125 tons (2,500 MWh × 0.45 kg CO2/kWh). Contribution to Net Zero Goal: Solar PV system to contribute 25% of UEL’s carbon reduction target. Other Benefits: Reduced air pollution and enhanced sustainability reputation. Social & Environmental Analysis :

16. Summary of Key Points: Solar PV systems are a  cost-effective and sustainable solution  to reduce UEL’s carbon footprint. The proposed 2 MW system will generate  2,500 MWh/year , saving  £425,000 annually  and reducing CO2 emissions by  1,125 tons/year . Financial evaluation shows a  positive NPV of £1.2 million  and an  IRR of 12% , exceeding UEL’s target return. Call to Action: Invest in solar energy to accelerate UEL’s journey toward net zero by 2030. Leverage government incentives and innovative technologies to maximize benefits. Closing Quote: “The future is bright with solar energy – let’s power UEL’s sustainable future together.” Conclusion :

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18. Thank You