substance abusing mother and Newborn.pptx

Education

1. Newborn of a Substance abusing mother A N D E F F E CTS

2. O u t l i n e I n t r o d u c t ion E p i d e miology S i g n s a n d s y m ptoms D i a g n osis T r e a t m ent I n t e r v e ntion C o n c l u s ion

3. I N T R O D U C T I O N Maternal substance use may consist of any combination of drug, chemical, alcohol, and tobacco use during the pregnancy. While in the womb, a fetus grows and develops due to nourishment from the mother via the placenta.

4. An infant of a substance-abusing mother (ISAM) is one whose mother has taken drugs that may potentially cause neonatal withdrawal symptoms.

5. EPIDEMIOLOGY I n t h e past decade. It is estimated that ∼5–10% of deliveries nationwide are to women who have abused drugs (excluding alcohol) during pregnancy. The incidence is considerably higher in inner-city hospitals.

6. S I G N S A N D SYMPTOMS S E E N I N T H E N E W B O R N Short-term withdrawal symptoms may consist only of mild fussiness . More severe symptoms may include irritable or jittery behavior, feeding problems, and diarrhea. The constellation of signs and symptoms associated with withdrawal is called the neonatal withdrawal syndrome , s ymptoms vary depending on which substances were used.

7. significant long-term developmental problems may be seen in babies who are born with growth failure or various organ prob l ems . Infants born to mothers who drink alcohol, even in modest amounts, are at risk for fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). This condition consists of growth problems, unusual facial features, and intellectual disability. It may not be detected at the time of birth.

8. Other drugs may cause birth defects involving the heart, brain, bowel, or kidneys. Babies who have been exposed to drugs, alcohol, or tobacco are at higher risk for SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) .

9. D I A G N O SIS The diagnosis for babies with signs of withdrawal may be confirmed with drug tests of the baby's urine or stool. The mother's urine will also be tested. However, if urine or stool is not collected soon enough, the results may be negative. A sample of the umbilical cord may be tested

10. TREATMENT OF I N F A N T O F SUBSTANCES A B U S I N G MOTHER The baby's treatment will depend on the drugs the mother used. Treatment may involve: Limiting noise and bright lights . Maximizing "TLC" (tender loving care) including skin-to-skin care and breastfeeding with mothers who are in treatment o r no longer using illicit substances (including marijuana) . Using medicines (in some cases) .

11. In the case of babies whose mothers used narcotics, the baby is most often given small doses of a narcotic at first. The amount is slowly adjusted as the baby is weaned off of the substance over days to weeks. Sedatives are sometimes used as well. Infants with organ damage, birth defects or developmental issues may need medical or surgical therapy and long-term therapies.

12. These infants are more likely to grow up in homes that do not promote healthy emotional, social, and mental development. They and their families will benefit from long-term support.

13. NURSING I N T ERVENTIONS Standard of care interventions include decreasing external stimulation, holding, nonnutritive sucking, swaddling, pressure/rubbing, and rocking .