SULFANOMIDES—mode if action, adverse effects, Nursing considerations

Antibiotics—Sulfanilamide drugs mechanisms of Actions, Indications, side effects and nursing considerations

1. Group 4Group 4
SULFONAMIDES

2. Drug mode of actions
Indications
Adverse and side effects
Nursing consideration/
Intervention/Implementation
CONTENTS

3. Sulfa drugs are synthetic
antimicrobial agents that
contain the sulfonamide
group.
Drug Mode of
Actions

4. Gastrointestinal
Infections**
- Used for traveler's
diarrhea, *Shigella*, and
*Salmonella* infections.
Malaria
- Combined with
pyrimethamine for
*Plasmodium* infections in
certain cases
Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
- Effective against *E. coli*
and other uropathogens.
- Used alone or in combination
(e.g., trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole).
Respiratory Tract Infections up
- Treats bronchitis and
pneumonia caused by
*Streptococcus pneumoniae*,
*Haemophilus influenzae*, and
*Pneumocystis jirovecii* (especially
in immunocompromised patients).
INDICATIONS

5. Burn Wound Infections
- Silver sulfadiazine is
used as a topical agent to
prevent bacterial
infections in burn wounds
Toxoplasmosis
- Used with pyrimethamine for
*Toxoplasma gondii* infections,
specially in immunocompromised
patients (e.g., HIV/AIDS).
Nocardiosis
- Treats infections caused
by *Nocardia* species, often
in immunocompromised
individuals

6. Target(s):

7. Classification according to therapeutic use

9. Allergic reactions to sulfonamide medications
are common and, therefore, patients should be
monitored carefully for adverse effects
including delayed hypersensitivity reactions.
Sulfonamide medications increase the risk of
crystalluria that can cause kidney stones or
decreased kidney function; therefore, patients
should increase their water intake while taking
these medications.
Ethical Considerations in
Sulfonamides

10. Do not administer IM
03
Dose adjustment for renal impairment
02
Check for allergies
01
Nursing Considerations
04
06
05
Administer PO with 8 oz of water
Monitor urine output and for cloudiness or crystals
Use cautiously with anticoagulant medications such as warfarin; may
increase risk of bleeding. Monitor INR and patient for signs of
bleeding
Use cautiously with cardiac antidysrhythmics
Use cautiously with oral antidiabetics; may increase hypoglycemic
effects. Monitor glucose level carefully
08
07

11. Nursing Considerations
Platelet count monitoring
09
11
10
Photosensitivity
Reporting side effects
12
Age

12. Educate patients about
the medication and how
to take it
Monitor patients for
adverse effects
Ensure patients complete
the full prescribed dose
Ensure patients drink
enough water
Ensure patients wear
sunscreen and protective
clothing
Ensure patients report any
side effects
This mechanism of action provides
bacteriostatic inhibition of growth
against a wide spectrum of gram-
positive and gram-negative pathogens
Interventions

13. The patient should receive education to complete the full
prescribed dose of medications and take measures to not
skip doses. If a dose is missed, the patient should take the
missed dose as soon as possible unless it is near the next
dosing time. The medication can cause increased
photosensitivity, and patients should be educated to use
sunscreen and protective clothing with sun exposure. The
patient should also report any rash, sore throat, fever, or
mouth sores that might occur. Unusual bleeding or
bruising should also be reported to the provider. If patients
l dh h ll
Implementation in
Sulfonamides

14. Thank you for
your attention
Reporters:
1.PANILAGAO, PAULYN CALIGUID
2.CABE, KHENNA CASANDRA GARCIA
3.HONTUCAN, JEFFANNE MARQUEZ
4.PALACIOS, KURT COBIE ORTEZ
5.LUMBAD, ALTHEA MAE PARIAN